氯化钠对饲喂棉饼诱发山羊泌尿系结石的预防试验

16只3~5月龄阉割波尔公山羊随机分为4组,即对照Ⅰ组(n=3)、对照Ⅱ组(限水对照组n=3)、试验Ⅰ组(n=5)、试验Ⅱ组(限水试验组,n=5)。对照组饲喂羊精料和花生秧,试验组饲喂棉饼和稻草,同时在试验组棉饼中加入4%棉饼量的氯化钠,对照Ⅰ组和试验Ⅰ组在试验期间不限制饮水,而对照Ⅱ组和试验Ⅱ组每天限制饮水,经预试期后试验期为4个月。结果表明:(1)添加氯化钠各试验组均未发现临床型尿石症,未添加氯化钠对照Ⅰ组有1头发病,未添加氯化钠限水对照Ⅱ组有3头发病。(2)添加氯化钠不限制水组,山羊的饮水量、排尿量较未添加氯化钠组(对照组)明显增加,尿液pH值明显降低,且差异显著;而添加氯化钠限水组,山羊的排尿量、尿液pH值与限水对照组差异不显著。(3)两个试验组血清醛固酮含量较对照组明显降低,并且尿沉渣生成量明显减少。由此推测氯化钠预防棉饼诱发山羊泌尿系结石的机理是通过降低血清中的醛固酮含量,减轻醛固酮对肾脏的损害,减少了结石核心的形成和尿液中盐类结晶沉着点,在非限饮水的情况下羊还可通过增加饮水量和排尿量,使沉渣生成量减少,从而有效地防止尿石症的发生。     

退化期的乳腺凋亡及其调节机理

在动物哺乳周期中,乳腺经历发育、分化和退化的循环过程。动物的妊娠期、哺乳期和退化期与乳腺细胞数量的变化有密切关系,乳腺细胞的数量变化决定了哺乳期间的产奶量,退化期的幸存细胞数量可能影响哺乳期的生产力。近来研究表明:乳腺退化期主要通过细胞凋亡途径减少细胞数量。本文对退化期的乳腺凋亡及其调节机理进行了综述。     

优质早籼三系不育系贺50A选育

贺50A是以金23A为母本，中9B／161—5B／金23B的F4代单株为父本，经多代择优回交与选择育成的早籼型三系不育系。该不育系具有不育性稳定，株叶形态好，生育期适中，开花习性好，柱头外露率和异交结实率高，米质较优，配合力强等特点。介绍了贺50A的繁殖制种技术要点。     

植物香豆素生物合成途径及关键酶基因研究进展

香豆素是来源于苯丙烷代谢途径中重要的次级代谢产物,具有多种生物活性,对植物的生长发育及应答逆境胁迫有重要作用。本研究对香豆素生物合成途径以及所涉及的关键酶基因研究进展进行综述,分析了葡萄糖基转移酶基因家族的系统进化,并对香豆素目前研究的问题进行总结以及今后的研究方向进行展望,以期为香豆素生物合成及其后续研究提供借鉴。     

犬猫皮肤病细菌性病原分离鉴定及天然产物抑菌效果分析

【目的】 分离鉴定武汉市患皮肤病犬猫细菌性病原,并探索其对传统抗菌药物与天然活性产物藤黄酸(GA)和6-溴靛玉红-3’-肟(BIO)的敏感性。【方法】 对患皮肤病犬猫采样并分离病原,通过生长特性观察、革兰氏染色镜检、PCR等方法鉴定并利用SPF小鼠验证致病性;通过药敏纸片验证其对传统药物的耐药性,并测定天然产物对其最小抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)值。【结果】 分离得到2株金黄色葡萄球菌、3株伪中间型葡萄球菌、2株猫葡萄球菌、1株犬链球菌及1株奇异变形杆菌。SPF小鼠皮肤创伤感染验证分离菌株均有致病性。犬链球菌及奇异变形杆菌对各自受试药物均敏感;葡萄球菌对复方新诺明、青霉素、红霉素、四环素、左氧氟沙星、苯唑西林、庆大霉素、克林霉素及氯霉素存在不同程度耐药。天然活性产物GA和BIO对上述9株菌均具有良好抑菌效果,且除分离菌株F5外GA对分离菌株的MIC值均小于BIO。【结论】 本研究共分离得到5种、9株犬猫皮肤细菌。犬链球菌、奇异变形杆菌对传统抗菌药物均敏感,部分葡萄球菌存在耐药。GA和BIO对犬猫皮肤病原菌均有明显抑菌活性,显示其可作为防控犬猫细菌性皮肤病的候选药物。     

The Effect of Training on Yili Horse 1 600 m Test Results and Heart Rate Variability

【Objective】 The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of different training stages on the performance and heart rate variability(HRV) of Yili horses and to provide data for reference in the conditioning training of 1 600 m distance Yili horses.【Method】 Eight 3-year-old Yili horses (stallions) were selected as test subjects.A 3-month speed specific performance training program was conducted, and a speed test race was organized in the last week of each month of training, and HRV was collected before, immediately after, 0.5 h after, and 1 h after 1 600 m test race.Among them, the time-domain indexes included the mean of all R-R intervals (Mean RR), the standard deviation of all R-R intervals (SDNN), the mean heart rate (Mean HR), the root mean square of the difference between adjacent R-R intervals (RMSSD), the number of adjacent R-R intervals with a difference greater than 50 ms (NN50), and the percentage of adjacent R-R intervals with a difference greater than 50 ms to the total number of heartbeats (pNN50).Frequency domain metrics included very low frequency (VLF), low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF) and nonlinear metrics:standard deviation (Y) of all R-R-spacing (SD1), standard deviation (X) of all R-R-spacing (SD2).Consequently, the variability of HRV indexes in horses at different training stages was analyzed.【Result】 The race time in the post training period in 1 600 m speed test race of Yili horses was significantly lower than that in the early training period (P<0.05), and Mean RR, NN50 and pNN50 in the middle and post training periods were significantly lower than that in the early training period (P<0.05).Mean HR in the beginning of training was significantly lower than that in post training (P<0.05).VLF and LF in the end of training were significantly lower than that in the beginning of training (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this test, the HRV indexes of 1 600 m test race of Yili horses in different conditioning training stages were analyzed.The outcomes demonstrated that the types of neural activity in Yili horses at the beginning, middle and end of training presented some differences, showing changes of increased sympathetic excitability and decreased parasympathetic excitability, and the horses' athletic performance improved.Therefore, HRV could be considered as an effective tool to evaluate the training load and intensity of Yili horses during training.     

响沙成因问题探讨

响沙是一种自然现象 ,而沙层水分状态是影响响沙成因的关键因素。文章提出响沙临界水分的概念和响沙成因的水分控制理论 ,同时对响沙的种种现象做出了合理的解释     

人工林杨木表面密实化技术研究现状及发展趋势

资源的转变以及供需矛盾的紧张,使得人工林杨木表面强化技术成为重要的研究课题.本文介绍了国内外杨木表面强化技术的研究现状、发展趋势及取得的成果,指出了表面强化技术存在的问题,并从资源的可行性和市场前景等方面,对表面强化技术的应用进行了探讨,为人工林杨木表面密实化的进一步研究提供借鉴.     

海棠观赏价值及北方高品第海棠培育技术模式

论述了海棠的观赏价值，并根据中国海棠资源的地理分布情况划分为南北两个种群；提出了北方海棠种群的品第概念，并对北方海棠种群品第差异分析后进行了品第观赏性评价；最后，提出了北方几个高品第海棠培育技术模式。