微乳液的制备及其在食品行业中的应用

微乳液是一种热力学稳定的油水混合体系,在众多领域应用广泛。通过对微乳液体系制备方法的介绍,分析微乳液形成机理,以及微乳液在食品领域的应用进展进行阐述,为日后微乳液的制备及应用提供一定的参考。      

Study on HPLC method to determine contents of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis extraction

The determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis was improved with the high performance liquid chromagraphy(HPLC).The sample was extracted exceedingly in the critical limit of CO 2 .The retention time of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B was reduced,with methano/water(75:25)as mobile phase.The wavelength for detection was 254 nm. The R2 of standard curve was 0.9998 and the relative standard deviation was 2.31%and 3.17%with the recovery of 96.45%and 97.37%,respectively.The result shows that the rate of veracity of this method is higher and it proves that the determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis is a feasible method.     

磺酰脲类除草剂的高效液相色谱法残留检测技术的研究进展

近年来,国内外学者对各环境介质中的磺酰脲类除草剂残留检测技术做了大量的研究,本文综述了高效液相色谱法在磺酰脲类除草剂残留检测方面的研究进展。     

甜味物质应用进展及风险评价

随着生活水平的不断提高及营养健康理念的不断发展,人们逐渐开始关注糖摄入的问题,为了迎合减少热量摄入、预防肥胖的发展需求,越来越多用甜味剂代替糖的无热量、低热量、减糖、无糖产品出现在大众视野,而甜味剂作为实现这一需求的重要要素,对食品加工生产具有重要的意义。一直以来,人们认为甜味剂是安全无害、对人体不会产生负面影响,然而,随着不断的深入研究发现甜味剂并不是完全安全,其对人体健康或者加工生产会产生一定的危害。因此,为了更好地发展减糖趋势,必须清楚了解甜味剂带给身体的危害。按照使用场景的不同将甜味物质分为营养型甜味剂、非营养型甜味剂和填充型甜味剂三大类,并对其应用进展和风险危害进行综述,以期为食品工业的健康安全发展提供理论指导。     

10年生黑杨派无性系材性径向遗传变异分析与综合评价

目的 研究黑杨派无性系材性性状遗传变异,并进行综合评价,为其工业用材林定向培育和木材利用提供理论依据。 方法 对河南省焦作8个黑杨派无性系试验林选取10年生样木（每个无性系5株）进行材性性状（解剖特性、物理性能、化学组成）测定,对18个材性性状进行遗传变异分析和遗传参数估算,并采用主成分分析法对无性系进行综合评价。 结果 除半纤维素外,其他17个材性性状在不同无性系间均差异极显著。18个材性性状的无性系重复力为0.49～0.93,其中,全干密度、基本密度、综纤维素、径向-细胞直径和径向-细胞腔径的重复力达0.8以上。无性系材性性状表型变异系数均大于遗传变异系数,经主成分分析评选出中林46杨为主成分综合分值最高的无性系。 结论 8个黑杨派无性系在18个材性性状上差异显著,并受较强的遗传控制,具备遗传改良的条件。无性系重复力存在径向差异,随着年轮的增大,物理性能变化幅度最小,全干密度和基本密度相对稳定。     

In vitro differentiation of exocrine pancreatic cells from mouse embryonic stem cells

AIM: To explore the effects of sodium butyrate, activin A and dexamthasone on inducing mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells to differentiate into exocrine pancreatic cells in vitro. METHODS: E14 mouse ES cells were cultured in suspension to form embryonic bodies (EBs). The EBs were cultured with differentiating medium containing different concentrations of sodium butyrate, and the spontaneously differentiated ES cells were used as control. Exocrine pancreatic genes such as amylase, chymotrypsinogen, elastase 1, elastase 2 and carboxypeptidase were detected by RT-PCR at different time points to determine the optimal concentration and exposure time of sodium butyrate. Furthermore, activin A or dexamthasone was also used to explore the effects on exocrine differentiation. After that, the combination of sodium butyrate, activin A and dexamthasone was used to promote the differentiation of exocrine pancreatic cells from ES cells. During the differentiation course, the gene expressions of amylase, chymotrypsinogen, elastase 1, elastase 2 and carboxypeptidase were detected by RT-PCR. Morphological changes were investigated by phase contrast microscopy. Amylase expression was examined by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: Exocrine pancreatic gene expressions such as amylase, chymotrypsinogen, elastase 1, elastase 2 and carboxypeptidase were detected in spontaneously differentiated EBs. A relatively lower concentration of sodium butyrate with a shorter exposure time significantly promoted those above gene expressions as compared to that of spontaneously differentiated EBs. Activin A and dexamethasone induced upregulation of exocrine gene expression. The combination of activin A, sodium butyrate and dexamethasone significantly enhanced the mRNA levels of amylase, chymotrypsinogen, elastase 1, elastase 2 and carboxypeptidase. Under the treatment of activin A, sodium butyrate and dexamethasone, differentiated cells were polygonal in shape with large, round, and center-situated nuclei. According to the observation of immunofluorescence staining, amylase was positive expressed at the final stage. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that exocrine pancreatic differentiation of ES cells is induced by sodium butyrate, activin A and dexamethasone. The combination of pancreatic inducing factors improves the differentiating efficiency.     

2001-2006年《河北农业大学学报》主要文献评价指标分析

运用文献计量学的方法,对2001—2006年《河北农业大学学报》的引文量、总被引频次、基金论文比、影响因子、被引半衰期、Web即年下载率等主要文献评价指标进行统计分析。结果表明：《河北农业大学学报》被使用、重视程度不断提高,学术影响力越来越大。     

不同油用亚麻品种的组织培养与再生体系研究

本试验主要对4个油用亚麻品种进行组织培养与再生体系建立的条件探索,比较不同基因型的组织培养能力的差异,同时可以为育种选择提供理想的材料.本研究以4种比较典型的油用亚麻品系--04-93-Ⅱ-5、03-LH-88、04-94-S-266、05-J-17为材料,研究油用亚麻不同基因型的植株组培再生能力,对4个品系的子叶及下胚轴均能诱导出愈伤组织,胚轴的诱导和再生效果普遍好于子叶.出愈率最高的品系是04-94-S-266,为72%.其再生苗率也是最高的,为48.6%.通过对愈伤组织的生长速率进行分析,说明前期经过暗处理的材料在后期生长速率较快.建立1套高效的油用亚麻植株再生体系,可为其他油用亚麻品种生物技术育种工作提供可借鉴的经验.     

二氧化碳升高与干旱对植物生理、土壤碳及土壤酶活的影响

Global climate models have indicated high probability of drought occurrences in the coming future decades due to the impacts of climate change caused by a mass release of CO2.Thus,climate change regarding elevated ambient CO2 and drought may consequently affect the growth of crops.In this study,plant physiology,soil carbon,and soil enzyme activities were measured to investigate the impacts of elevated CO2 and drought stress on a Stagnic Anthrosol planted with soybean (Glycine max).Treatments of two CO2 levels,three soil moisture levels,and two soil cover types were established.The results indicated that elevated CO2 and drought stress significantly affected plant physiology.The inhibition of plant physiology by drought stress was mediated via prompted photosynthesis and water use efficiency under elevated CO2 conditions.Elevated CO2 resulted in a longer retention time of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil,probably by improving the soil water effectiveness for organic decomposition and mineralization.Drought stress significantly decreased C:N ratio and microbial biomass carbon (MBC),but the interactive effects of drought stress and CO2 on them were not significant.Elevated CO2 induced an increase in invertase and catalase activities through stimulated plant root exudation.These results suggested that drought stress had significant negative impacts on plant physiology,soil carbon,and soil enzyme activities,whereas elevated CO2 and plant physiological feedbacks indirectly ameliorated these impacts.