水稻ARF基因家族新成员ADP-Ribosylation Factor-Like Protein 5(OsARFL5)的克隆及表达分析

小G蛋白家族中的亚家族ADP-核糖基化因子(ADP-ribosylation factor, ARF),在生物体内起众多的生理作用,参与基因表达、细胞骨架重组装、微管的形成以及囊泡和核孔运输等。本研究已成功克隆得到ARF基因家族中的一个新基因OsARFL5,系统进化分析表明该基因与SiARFC1亲缘关系较近;以该基因和其启动子序列构建了两种遗传转化表达载体(pOsARFL5::GUS, pCaMV35S::OsARFL5:EGFP),并获得了相应遗传载体的转基因植株;GUS染色结果表明,该基因在不同时期、不同组织部位表达;洋葱表皮亚细胞定位结果显示,Os ARFL5基因编码的蛋白定位在细胞核。RT-PCR结果显示,OsARFL5在水稻不同生育期的根、茎、叶、叶鞘和穗子中均有不同程度的表达。本研究初步探明了ARF基因家族新成员OsARFL5在水稻生长发育过程中的表达模式。     

内河渔业行政管理之我见

内河渔业行政执法是保护淡水渔业资源,维持内河生产秩序,维护渔民合法权益的重要手段。各级渔业行政执法主管部门、渔政执法大队及其工作人员,认真贯彻执行《渔业法》,坚持依法治渔,促进渔业生产持续、快速、健康发展,发挥了重要作用。但是,随着国家对“三农”的重视,对渔业、渔民的政策扶持以及“燃油补贴”出台,渔业行政执法管理存在一些新的问题。     

Haematological and blood biochemical characteristics of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Glyptosternum maculatum</Emphasis> (Siluriformes: Sisoridae) in Xizang (Tibet)

This study investigated the haematological and blood biochemical characteristics of Glyptosternum maculatum. The haematological and biochemical parameters were measured in 30 adult fish collected from Nyingchi Reach of Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet. The red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), erythrocyte osmotic fragility (maxEof and minEof), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mean cell volume (MCV), mean cellular haemoglobin content (MCH), and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were determined. Compared with other Siluriformes fishes, G. maculatum showed similar mean values for Hct, Hb, MCH, and MCHC and had slightly lower RBC and higher MCV. The biochemical parameters were assayed including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, urea, creatinine, glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride. The result showed that the value of AST in G. maculatum was obviously higher than that in Rhamdia quelen as well as in Silurus merdionalis.     

Osteological development and anomalies in larval stage of hatchery‐reared yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Comprehensive knowledge of osteological development of fish not only provides means for understanding its functional development, but also allows early detection of skeletal anomalies. The present study was conducted to determine osteological development and occurrence of anomalies from the first to the 40th day after hatching (DAH) for yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, a commercially important species in China. Vertebral ontogeny started with formation of anterior neural arches at 3 DAH, and completed at 6 DAH. Vertebral centra started to develop at 4 DAH and ossification in all centra was visible at 15 DAH. Caudal fin appeared at 2 DAH and ossification was visible at 26 DAH. The onset of dorsal and anal fins appeared at 4 DAH and their ossifications were visible at 20 DAH. Pectoral fins were present before first feeding and formed entirely at 9 DAH, and their ossifications were visible at 21 DAH. Pelvic fins appeared at 9 DAH, and formed completely at 21 DAH. The ossification of pelvic fins was not finished until the end of the experiment (40 DAH). 24 types of skeletal anomalies were observed. About 20% of individuals showed at least one anomaly. Haemal vertebrae anomalies occurred at the highest frequency, followed by pre‐haemal, caudal vertebrae and anal fin anomalies, and caudal fin had the lowest anomalies frequency. For the first time, our study determined osteological development and anomalies incidence in larval yellow catfish, which help further investigations into rearing conditions leading to appearance of these anomalies to prevent their incidence.     

基于图像识别技术研究不同海区三疣梭子蟹甲壳白色斑纹特征及蜕壳前后斑纹特征的变化

为进行三疣梭子蟹外观特征的研究,本研究通过计算机视觉技术建立三疣梭子蟹背部白色斑纹评估方法,经人工对比验证其准确性达100%。在此基础上,对来自海域的30只三疣梭子蟹[平均体质量(2.8±0.56)g]进行跟踪观察,发现蜕壳前后白色斑纹数量和位置保持不变,而白色斑纹面积和斑纹区域面积则会随着蜕壳后蟹壳面积的增加而扩大;蜕壳后,白色斑纹面积增加89.33%±8.61%,斑纹区域面积增加90.51%±7.95%,蟹壳面积增加94.66%±8.26%,均显著正相关。为进一步研究不同海区梭子蟹白色斑纹分布特征,对来自朝鲜、中国辽宁和浙江等不同海区的三疣梭子蟹进行白色斑纹个数(N)、白色斑纹面积(S1)、斑纹区域面积(S2)、白色斑纹面积百分比(R1)、斑纹区域面积百分比(R2)和密度(D)等6项参数分析,结果发现,不同海区三疣梭子蟹斑纹性状存在显著特点,朝鲜海区呈现斑纹小、分布面积少、占蟹壳总面积比例低的特点;辽宁海区呈现斑纹小、分布面积多、占蟹壳总面积比例高的特点;浙江海区呈现斑纹大、分布面积少、占蟹壳总面积比例低的特点。本研究将计算机视觉技术应用于水产养殖研究,通过建立评估参数阐明三疣梭子蟹白色斑纹的生长规律,揭示了不同群体的三疣梭子蟹白色斑纹具有地理多样性的特征。     

投喂频率对点篮子鱼生长性能影响

以初始平均体重(114.71±3.631)g、体长(15.70±0.352) cm的点篮子鱼为研究对象,探讨不同的投喂频率对其生长性能及体成分的影响.结果表明,投喂频率对点篮子鱼的存活率没有显著影响(P＞0.05),试验期间各个试验组存活率均为100％.而投喂频率对点篮子鱼的特定生长率(SGR)、日均增重(DWG)和增重率(WG)有显著影响(P＜0.05).每天投喂1次(F1)到4次组(F4)的点篮子鱼的SGR、DWG和WG随投喂频率的增加而显著性升高,而每天投喂5次组(F5)的SGR、DWG和WG显著低于F4组.随着投喂频率的提高,点篮子鱼的摄食率(FR)逐渐上升.饵料系数(FCR)与投喂频率呈正相关.鱼体水分和灰分含量随着投喂频率的增加而下降,F1到F4组间有显著性差异(P＜0.05),F4到F5无显著性差异.各试验组鱼体蛋白质含量无显著变化,而脂肪含量随投喂频率增加显著增加(F1到F4组间差异显著(P＜0.05),F4与F5无差异).综合本试验点篮子鱼的生长性能、饲料转化率和体成分变化,认为人工养殖点篮子鱼的最适投喂频率为4次/d.     

3种肠毒素基因在苏云金芽孢杆菌中的分布

采用PCR方法对引自美国俄亥俄州立大学芽孢杆菌遗传保存中心(BGSC)的45个苏云金芽孢杆菌(B t)进行了hblA、bceT及entS 3种蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bc)肠毒素基因的检测.结果表明,hblA、bceT及entS的检出率分别为60%、66.7%和44.7%.这45个准菌株涉及到44个B t亚种,说明Bc肠毒素的基因在B t中是普遍存在的,B t的安全性问题仍需继续关注.     

粉虱座壳孢菌的空间分布型及其抽样技术

根据,/,/m,C_A。C 和 K 等聚集度指标测定结果,粉虱座壳孢菌子座在柑桔园的空间分布属聚集分布,其 Iwao 和 Taylor 的线性回归关系分别为=1.720 2+1.313m(r=0.787)和1gV=0.500 8+1.035 6 1g m(r=0.912 9).同时,本文还给出了在允许误差 D=0.1,0.2,0.3,平均子座密度在0.5—10个7叶,间隔密度为0.5情况下的田间理论抽样数和树、叶之间最佳配额数.     

栽培大豆蛋白亚基11S/7S组成及过敏蛋白缺失分析

以175份中国大豆品种资源为材料,利用SDS-PAGE电泳和Western杂交技术,分析蛋白亚基11S和7S的含量,以及Gly m Bd 28K和 Gly m Bd 30K两种过敏蛋白的缺失情况。结果表明,参试品种的11S和7S的含量呈极显著负相关（r＝－0.95）,11S/7S比值范围为0.77～4.67,并鉴定出1份自然缺失β亚基的材料。在175个品种中没有检测到缺失30