基于无线传感器网络的精细农业智能节水灌溉系统(英）

在精细农业相关应用和理论研究基础上,自行设计用于监测农田水分含量和水层高度的无线传感器,构建农田水分无线传感器网络体系结构,设计基于水分无线传感器网络的智能节水灌溉控制系统,通过实时农田水分数据和农作物水分需求专家数据形成灌溉决策,由灌溉控制系统实施定量灌溉。实际应用表明,该系统体现出可行性和高效性,有利于精细农业的发展和水资源的可持续利用。     

ArcGIS9空间分析建模工具在农业用地适宜性评价中的应用

依据空间处理建模技术的原理和建模流程,利用Arc GIS ModelBuilder工具,以黄淮海典型农业区山东省聊城市为案例区,进行了农业用地适宜性评价的应用。结果表明,ArcGIS9空间分析建模工具能够有效地进行农业用地适应性评价工作,且聊城市农业用地整体适应性情况较好,符合实际情况。     

图书馆从自动化向数字化跨越过程中馆员角色的变化

通过对图书馆从自动化时期向数字化时期跨越过程中图书馆各个部门职能的变化,探讨了图书馆员的角色变化,并对来自出版商竞争的影响进行了分析。     

Homology modeling and screening of new 14α-demethylase inhibitor (DMI) fungicides based on optimized expression of CYP51 from Ustilago maydis in Escherichia coli

Ustilago maydis infection is a serious disease affecting corn crops worldwide. Sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) is one of the key enzymes of sterol biosynthesis and an effective target of antifungal drugs. To further study the interaction between CYP51 and drugs and exploit more specific 14α-demethylase inhibitor (DMI) fungicides for U. maydis, in this study homology modeling of CYP51 from U. maydis (UmCYP51) templated as the eukaryotic orthologues (the human CYP51) and screening of new DMI fungicides based on optimized expression were carried out for the first time. In addition, XF-113 and ZST-4 were screened by analyzing the spectral characteristics between the purified UmCYP51-35 and fungicides. These results provide a theoretical basis and new ideas for efficient design and development of new antifungal drugs.     

桃雄性不育的表现形式及其败育途径

研究了桃［Ｐｒｕｎｕｓ ｐｅｒｃｉｃａ Ｂａｔｓｃｈ（Ｌ．）］２３个品种花粉发生发育和花粉败育过程中细胞形态学上的变化特征。结果表明：桃雄性不育的主要表现形式为空粒花粉和花药空囊及花粉形似发育正常，但生活力极低。导致空粒花粉产生的主要途径：①花粉母细胞减数分裂不正常；②花粉处于单核晚期至二核早、中期绒毡层细胞发生液化、增生现象。空囊产生的主要途径：①四分体至单核早期绒毡层细胞体积发生明显的增大、液化；②绒毡层细胞在四分体至单核早期发生增生；③造胞细胞或花粉母细胞生长发育不良。     

贵州林业生态建设与产业发展技术体系研究

对贵州省林业科技的发展进行了概括和总结，分析了当前科技工作中存在的主要问题以及林业科技发展形势与机遇。根据贵州省林业发展总目标，提出了林业科技的发展目标，对林业生态建设和产业发展的关键技术进行了研究，提出了林业发展的技术体系及保障条件。     

当前农民对农业技术培训的新要求

新形势下的基层农业技术培训与以往的培训相比,无论在培训时间、培训地点、培训方式和培训内容上均有不同的要求。为了搞好基层农业技术培训,要根据农民提出的问题和要求,准备不同的培训内容,因时因地制宜地采用多种方式,灵活安排培训时间,采用室内和室外相结合的方式进行培训,与时俱进,才能真正取得良好的效果。     

信息时代医院图书馆的作用与发展策略

图书馆的基本功能是信息保障和信息服务。医院图书馆是医学科技文献的基地，是提高医院的医疗、教学、科研、管理水平的重要支柱，是医院文化建设和继续教育以及现代化建设的重要阵地，应从力争医院全方位的支持、加强学科建设、深化服务和数字化资源建设，引进复合型人才以及创新服务模式。     

Molecular genetic structure and relationship of Chinese and Hungarian common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) strains based on mitochondrial sequence

China and Hungary are major providers of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in East Asia and Europe respectively. However, the genetic variation and relationship of this species in the two countries have been poorly understood. In this study, mitochondrial COII‐tRNA^Lys and D‐loop sequences were analysed to investigate the genetic structure and relationships of the representative wild and domesticated common carps distributed in China and Hungary. The results indicated that the genetic diversities of the Chinese common carps are higher than those of Hungarian common carps, and the diversities of the wild common carps are higher than those of domesticated common carps in both the countries. Analysis of molecular variance and pairwise F_ST demonstrated a significant genetic divergence between the Chinese and the Hungarian common carps, and between the wild and the domesticated common carps. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis and statistical parsimony network showed an obvious genetic differentiation between the Chinese and the Hungarian common carps, between the wild and the domesticated common carps. However, a few specimens and haplotypes from the Chinese wild common carps appeared in the Hungarian common carps, demonstrating that there was no absolutely isolated and possible genetic linker between the Chinese and the Hungarian common carps.     

On the vulnerability of oasis forest to changing environmental conditions: perspectives from tree rings

In water-limited regions, oases are important localities for maintaining ecological biodiversity and supporting social and economic development. For oases situated by the side of rivers, variability of streamflow is often considered as a dominant factor influencing the vulnerability of oases forest, whereas other factors receive much less attention. Here we argue that ecological and hydrological processes creating spatial habitat heterogeneity and particularly the change of habitat structure through time are critical aspects when assessing vulnerability of oasis forest. This is demonstrated by dendroecological studies of a dynamic landscape in Ejina Oasis in the lower reach of Heihe River, the second largest inland river in China. Our results show that radial growth of euphrates poplar trees in Ejina Oasis did not follow the variation of streamflow coming from the middle reach, and the poplar tree-ring growth did not change in the same way from one site to the other. An index of multi-directional change (MDCi) is defined from tree-ring data to describe the change in spatial habitats through time. We propose that the decreasing trend of MDCi indices since the 1950s is related to persistently increasing human activities, whereas high-frequency variability in MDCi indices is related to frequent and strong local disturbances such as windstorms as well as human activities that directly cause changes in streamflow. The results obtained from this study have potentially broad implications for identifying dryland ecosystems that are at risk or susceptible to change, and for making spatially explicit decisions for rational utilization of water resources.