推进机械化集中定点屠宰 实施“放心肉”工程

宝应县地处江苏省中部,总面积1467平方公里,人口93万,辖14个镇2个开发区,是著名的中国荷藕之乡、全国有机食品建设示范县。近年来,我县在加快推进工业化、城镇化过程中,认真贯彻《动物防疫法》、《生猪屠宰管理条例》,大力实施"放心     

Changes in Ovarian Follistatin Levels During the Oestrous Cycle in Sheep may Serve as an Intraovarian Regulator

The expression and concentration of follistatin and activin change during oestrous cycle suggesting their involvement in the regulation of follicular development. The aim of this study was to determine the level, source and potential role of follistatin in the sheep ovary. Follistatin in ovarian venous blood, measured by radioimmunoassay, remained at its low level from follicular phase (day ?1 and 0) to mid‐luteal phase (days 11–13) phase but were significantly elevated during the late luteal phase (days 14 and 15) when corpora lutea underwent regression. Western blot analyses of follicular fluid at day 15 of the cycle showed two strong bands at 42 and 45 kDa and weakly stained bands at 39 and 31 kDa. At day 0, these bands became weaker and the 39 kDa band became undetectable. However, there were no differences in follistatin concentrations between ovaries with and without functional corpus luteum (CL) during the whole luteal phase. In addition, although the ovaries of Booroola ewes normally contain more corpora lutea than those of normal merino ewes, follistatin concentrations in both jugular and ovarian venous blood were similar in Booroola and normal merino ewes. It is concluded that the secretion of follistatin from the ovary is not related to the formation of CL or high ovulation rate of Booroola ewes. The elevation in follistatin concentration in follicular fluid and ovarian blood during late luteal phase may indicate a dual role of follistatin in the luteolysis of existing CL and development of new follicle cohort.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测猪肝中苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物的残留量

建立了猪肝中阿苯哒唑及其代谢物阿苯哒唑砜、阿苯哒唑亚砜、2-氨基阿苯哒唑砜,噻苯哒唑及其代谢物5-羟基噻苯哒唑,甲苯哒唑及其代谢物氨基甲苯哒唑、5-羟基甲苯哒唑,芬苯哒唑及其代谢物芬苯哒唑砜、等效物奥芬哒唑,氟苯哒唑及其代谢物2-氨基-氟苯哒唑共14种苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物残留检测的高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法。样品用乙酸乙酯提取,MCX固相萃取柱净化。Waters Xterra C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm,5μm)分离,流动相A相为0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液;B相为0.1%甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,外标法定量。结果表明,14种苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物标准溶液在10~1 000 ng/mL的浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,R2均大于0.99,方法检测限为5μg/kg,定量限为10μg/kg,14种苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物在10~200μg/kg添加浓度范围内回收率均70%~120%之间。批内、批间相对标准偏差均小于20%。本方法灵敏、准确,满足食品安全检测法规的要求。     

微量元素铜在现代乳业生产中的应用

自1928年人们发现铜是日粮组成所必需的成分以后,直到1950年关于铜在动物营养中的重要作用才逐渐被查明,因此,微量元素铜营养的研究也逐渐被重视.反刍动物铜营养的研究主要以牛羊为主,近年来随着奶牛业的飞速发展,奶牛微量元素铜的研究进入了一个新时期.目前,在我国畜牧业内部战略性结构调整中,奶牛被突出列为加快发展的重大项目[1].这意味着今后我国食品市场对牛奶的需求量将与日俱增,有着广阔的发展前景.     

荒漠草原不同利用条件下短花针茅贮藏性碳水化合物的对比

在不同利用条件下(休牧40d、休牧50d、休牧60d、自由放牧、禁牧)对荒漠草原短花针茅贮藏性碳水化合物进行了动态监测,并采用最优母序列关联分析探讨了荒漠草原不同利用条件下短花针茅贮藏性碳水化合物的年度内及年际间的差异,结果表明:试验期年度内和年际间不同利用条件下短花针茅还原糖含量波动均较大;休牧40d短花针茅总糖含量较高,休牧60d次之,休牧50d短花针茅总糖含量较低,但还原糖含量较高;还原糖与总糖比值的变化较还原糖含量、总糖含量稳定;休牧50d有利于短花针茅植物种群生长发育和种群繁衍.     

呼伦贝尔草甸草原群落特征对不同放牧制度的响应

对呼伦贝尔草甸草原划区轮牧和自由放牧两种放牧制度植物群落特征进行了比较研究.结果表明:羊草的密度在自由放牧区显著高于划区轮牧区,高度、盖度不同放牧处理之间差异不明显;贝加尔针茅高度和盖度轮牧区显著高于自由放牧区,密度对照区显著高于两放牧处理区;苔草高度、盖度和密度自由放牧区高于划区轮牧区.Margalef丰富度指数、S...     

Evaluation of in vitro chemosensitivity of vaccine-associated feline sarcoma cell lines to vincristine and paclitaxel

OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro sensitivity of 4 vaccine-associated feline sarcoma (VAFS) cell lines to the chemotherapeutic agents vincristine and paclitaxel. SAMPLE POPULATION: Cell lines derived from 4 VAFS specimens. PROCEDURES: Cell lines were cultured in vitro and individually exposed to various concentrations of vincristine and paclitaxel. Survival was estimated after 24 and 72 hours of exposure to each drug, and the drug concentrations that resulted in 50 and 90% reduction in number of viable cells (IC50 and IC90, respectively) were calculated. RESULTS: Both vincristine and paclitaxel had significant dose-dependent effects on the viability of the VAFS cell lines. After 72 hours of drug exposure, the IC50 and IC90 of vincristine for the 4 cell lines were between 0.005 to 0.039 microg/ml and 0.045 to 1.027 microg/ml, respectively. The IC50 and IC90 values for paclitaxel were between 0.037 to 0.092 microg/ml and 2.450 to 15.413 microg/ml, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Results of pharmacokinetic studies on vincristine and paclitaxel in other species suggest that concentrations greater than the IC50 values may be possible for both drugs in feline patients as well. The drug concentrations at which viable cell numbers were reduced by 90% may also be attained in vivo for some cases, but detailed information is needed regarding the distribution, concentration, duration of availability, and toxicity of various drugs in cats. Carefully chosen combinations of antineoplastic agents need to be screened to identify treatment protocols that may be further evaluated clinically for the treatment of VAFS.     

基于当量因子法的甘肃省草原生态系统服务价值评估

天然草原是甘肃省最大陆地生态系统,是全省乃至全国的重要生态屏障,科学、准确地估算甘肃省天然草原生态系统服务价值,对甘肃草原重要性认识和生态安全维持具有重要意义.本研究利用甘肃省主要粮食作物产量和价格数据,计算出甘肃省生态系统服务价值基准单价,然后结合甘肃省各种草原类生物量,修正甘肃省草原生态系统服务价值当量,最后计算出甘肃省各类草原生态系统服务价值.结果表明:1)草原提供的其他单项生态系统服务价值均在食物生产和原材料生产价值的3.1倍和3.7倍以上;2)甘肃省暖性灌草丛单位面积生态服务价值最高,为84418.28元·hm?2,温性荒漠单位面积生态服务价值最低,为10120.21元·hm?2;3)甘肃省草原生态服务总价值为7069.73×108元,是2016年畜牧业总产值的23倍,约等于甘肃省2016年国民生产总值(gross domestic product,GDP);4)高寒草甸生态系统服务总价值最高,为1733.27×108元,占草原生态系统服务价值的24.52％;高寒荒漠生态系统服务总价值最低,为58.51×108元,占草原生态服务价值的0.83％.本研究不仅为区域内生态系统服务价值的估算提供了思路,也为利用法律手段保护草原提供了科学依据.     

Seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, southern China

Chlamydia spp. are obligate intracellular gram-negative bacteria that cause a wide range of significant diseases in humans and animals worldwide, resulting in significant economic losses. Chlamydial infection in cattle has been reported in many countries including China. However, there has been no survey of chlamydial infection of dairy cattle in Guangzhou, southern China. The objective of the present investigation was to examine the chlamydial seroprevalence in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical southern China by using an indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA). The overall seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in dairy cattle was 7.25% (29/400). Greater than or equal to eight-yr-old dairy cattle had the highest seroprevalence (10.34%), followed by those that were ≥ 6 years old or < 7 years old dairy cattle (10.20%), although there were no statistically significant differences among different groups (P > 0.05). Dairy cattle with 5 pregnancies had the highest seroprevalence (10.81%). These results indicate that chlamydial infection was present in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical southern China, and integrated strategies and measures should be executed to control and prevent chlamydial infection and disease outbreak in the study region.     

放牧绵羊消化器官的发育性变化

为了研究羔羊消化器官的发育性变化,以0～56日龄甘肃高山细毛羊放牧绵羊为研究对象,采用大体解剖学方法测定了放牧条件下0、3、7、14、21、28、42、56日龄羔羊瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃、皱胃、前胃、总胃重量、容积以及各胃室内容物重量,胰腺、肝脏重量,十二指肠、空肠、回肠重量及长度的变化情况。结果表明,随羔羊日龄增大各消化器官和消化腺绝对重量都在增大;瘤胃重量和容积随羔羊日龄增大而显著增加(P<0.05),7日龄开始瘤胃内容物及瓣胃重量、网胃容积显著增大;28日龄开始小肠总长基本维持恒定,大约为体长的25倍。羔羊食入牧草可明显刺激瘤胃的发育。