Study on Synergistic Effect of VA5 Immunopotentiator on Pigeon NDV Inactivated Vaccine

This study was designed to evaluate the synergistic effect of VA5 immunopotentiator on pigeon ND4416 inactivated vaccine.160 healthy pigeons were randomly divided into four groups,including ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine group (NDV group),ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine and immunopotentiator (VA5) mixed group (NDV+VA5 group),La Sota inactivated vaccine group (La Sota group) and normal saline as the control group (C group),to assess their vaccine efficacy against virulent pigeon NDV by serological analysis and animal testing.Pigeons sera were collected at different time points after immunization and measured the HI antibody titer of each group.The results showed that VA5 immunopotentiator significantly improved the serum antibody level of pigeons immunized with pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine (P<0.05).In addition,comparative test of spleen lymphocyte transformation was conducted at various time points after immunization.The results indicated that VA5 effectively stimulated the lymphocyte transformation of immune pigeon.Pigeons in each groups were challenged with ND4416 strain at the 30th,90th and 180th d after immunization.The results presented that the NDV+VA5 group had 100% protection rate and higher than La Sota group.The duration of immunization test showed that the antibody titer of NDV+VA5 group reached peak 11.20log₂ at the 21st d,remained 7.50log₂ at 180th d,and the protection rate remained 100% at 180th d.It indicated that VA5 immunopotentiator sustained the immune duration of pigeon NDV vaccine up to 180 d.Moreover,the in vitro detoxification test results suggested that VA5 immunopotentiator reduced the in vitro detoxification cycle of pigeons after challenge.Overall,this study suggested VA5 immunopotentiator could significantly improve the immune efficacy of pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine,which provided a basis for further enhancing the efficacy of Newcastle disease vaccine,as well increased experimental data for the application of immunopotentiators.     

狂犬病套式PCR检测技术的研究

设计两对引物M1/M2、N1/N2建立起套式PCR,该方法能检测出含0.3LD50狂犬病病毒,比普通PCR的敏感性提高了10000倍,通过27份阳性病料的序列分析,所检测出的病毒全部是狂犬病病毒,具有很强的特异性。表明套式PCR技术具有快速、敏感、特异的特点,可广泛应用于实验室狂犬病的诊断及流行病学调查。     

柴油及其与阿维菌素复配对柑橘全爪螨卵的作用

室内测定了柴油对柑橘全爪螨卵的毒力及其与阿维菌素复配植物油基新型乳油的杀卵作用。结果表明,柴油对柑橘全爪螨卵的LC50为2790.39μg/mL;两种柴油与阿维菌素复配新型乳油1000、750和500倍液3种浓度下的杀卵率均高于90%,其中添加了印楝油的复配剂3浓度的杀卵率与对照药剂24%螺虫乙酯SC 3000倍液相当。     

草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT基因的克隆及表达分析

氮素是制约草坪草生长发育的重要因素之一,GS/GOGAT循环是植物氮同化的主要途径,谷氨酸合酶（glutamine：2-oxoglutarate amidotransferase,glutamate synthase,GOGAT）在植物氮素转化过程中发挥着重要的催化作用。本研究以草地早熟禾（Poa pratensis）为试材,基于二代测序RNA-seq相关数据,克隆得到草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT基因,并进行生物信息学分析。结果表明：草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT基因序列为3 236 bp,完整的开放阅读框（Open Reading Frame Finder,ORF）为1 338 bp,编码445个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白;预测NADH-GOGAT蛋白的分子量为49.89KD,等电点（isoelectric point,pI）为6.11,无信号肽,含有1个Glu_syn_central结构域,属于Glu_syn_central超级家族;二级结构以无规则卷曲、α-螺旋、延伸链和β-转角为主;同源进化分析结果表明草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT与硬粒黑小麦氨基酸序列相似度为97%。草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT基因在叶部的相对表达量高于根与茎,低氮浓度更有利于该基因的表达。NADH-GOGAT在干旱胁迫和水氮互作中表达差异显著（P<0.05）。草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT基因的克隆,及相关序列分析和基因表达,对进一步研究该基因的功能和草地早熟禾GS/GOGAT循环的调控过程具有一定意义。     

竹叶提取物对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数及产气量的影响

本试验旨在研究竹叶提取物对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数及产气量的影响。试验选用健康、体况相近的荷斯坦奶牛用于瘤胃液的采集,以精粗比为4∶6的全混合日粮作为发酵底物。试验组分为6组,各组分别添加0(对照)、0.75、1.50、3.00、4.50、6.00 mg/g的竹叶提取物,每组6个重复,每个重复3个批次。体外发酵24 h后,记录产气量,测定瘤胃发酵参数。结果表明:1)各组的发酵液pH均无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验组的发酵液中氨态氮(NH_3-N)浓度均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其中3.00和4.50 mg/g竹叶提取物组的发酵液中NH_3-N浓度显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。试验组的发酵液中干物质消失率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2) 4.50、6.00 mg/g竹叶提取物组的发酵液中总挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著高于其他各组(P <0. 05); 3. 00、4.50、6. 00 mg/g竹叶提取物组的发酵液中乙酸浓度显著高于其他各组(P <0. 05); 4. 50、6.00 mg/g竹叶提取物组的发酵液中丙酸浓度显著高于对照组(P <0. 05); 3. 00、4. 50、6. 00 mg/g竹叶提取物组的发酵液中丁酸浓度显著低于其他各组(P<0.05); 6.00 mg/g竹叶提取物组的发酵液中异戊酸浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。各组的发酵液中异丁酸、戊酸浓度以及乙酸/丙酸均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)试验组的体外发酵甲烷体积和甲烷含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。各组的体外发酵产气量无显著差异(P> 0.05)。综上所述,体外条件下添加竹叶提取物在不影响瘤胃发酵模式的同时可以显著降低甲烷排放,其中添加4.50 mg/g竹叶提取物效果最佳。     

基于茶籽壳代替木屑栽培茶树菇配方筛选试验

不同比例的茶籽壳和木屑组合成5个试验配方,比较不同配方对菌丝生长、子实体经济性状和生物转化率的影响。试验结果表明,在供试的5个配方中,配方4（棉籽壳50%、茶籽壳15%、木屑5%、麦麸20%、玉米粉7%、石膏1%、磷肥1%、石灰1%）为优选配方。     

广西钦州市菠萝山不同朝向土壤理化性状比较分析

以钦州市钦南区菠萝山为研究对象，采用环刀取土烘干法及混合土样法对不同区域（东南、西南、西北）土壤的理化性状进行分析。结果表明：不同采样区域（东南、西南、西北）土壤含水量和物理性粘粒（＜0.01 mm）差异显著，东南朝向含水量及粘粒含量最高，其次是西南朝向，西北朝向最低；不同采样区域（东南、西南、西北）土壤容重、孔隙度及 pH 值差异不显著。通过该研究表明，山体的不同方向对土壤发育及水土保持有显著影响，人为干扰影响山体土壤良性发展。     

浙江省全域土地综合整治试点时空分异格局及影响因素分析

为探究浙江省全域土地综合试点的空间分布格局与影响因素,优化全域土地综合试点布局,基于2019—2021年浙江省全域土地综合整治试点POI数据,运用平均最近邻、标准差椭圆、核密度、网格维数法系统分析浙江省全域土地综合整治试点时空分布特征,并利用地理探测器模型探究其主要影响因素。结果表明：1）浙江省全域土地综合整治试点整体呈集聚分布状态;集聚过程中连片分布特征呈不断加强趋势,由嘉兴市、衢州市和台州市“三核心”变化为以嘉兴市、湖州市和绍兴市为核心的连片高密度区;2）浙江省全域土地综合整治试点在空间分布上概率不等,分形结构复杂,存在局部围绕平原地区集聚情况;重心逐渐由东南向西北迁移,移动幅度逐渐变小;3）政策文件数、农作物播种面积、人均GDP、地形起伏度和城镇化率是影响浙江省全域土地综合整治试点空间分布的主要因素,影响强度依次递减,且影响因子的交互作用大于单因子对试点空间分布的影响。本研究可为浙江省优化国土空间布局和深化全域土地综合整治政策提供科学依据。     

建设农业强国背景下数字化转型对农林企业创新效率的影响

为推动农林企业更好地享有数字化转型红利,提升农林企业创新效率并实现农林企业共同富裕的带动作用,以2009—2020年235个A股农林业上市公司面板数据为基础,使用双向固定效应模型,实证分析了数字化转型对农林企业创新效率的影响。研究表明：1）数字化转型与农林企业创新效率之间存在显著的倒U型影响,适度水平的数字化有利于创新效率提升,超过一定临界点后,数字化水平的提高负向影响创新效率;2）数字化转型通过倒U型曲线效应影响企业风险承担水平,进而影响了创新效率,促成了数字化转型与创新效率之间的倒U型关系;3）企业高管的学术经历负向调节农林企业数字化转型与创新效率之间的倒U型关系。基于上述结论,不仅企业和高管团队要发挥能动作用,而且政府要加快农业新型基础设施和标准体系建设、加强政策针对性、完善数字化转型公共服务平台,加快农业现代化助推农业强国建设的步伐。     

Effect of atorvastatin on neointimal hyperplasia of venous autografts in rats

AIM: To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on neointimal hyperplasia of autogenous vein graft in rats. METHODS: The model of autogenous vein graft was prepared by transplanting the external jugular vein into aorta in Wistar rats. The rats were divided into three groups: sham operation group, graft control group and graft experimental group. From three days after transplantation, the rats of autograft experimental group were treated by atorvastatin at a dosage of 5 mg·kg-1·d-1. Four weeks after treatment, venous autografts were removed at autopsy and cut into 4 μm sections. Histopathological examination was carried out to analysis the neointimal hyperplasia of grafted veins. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to evaluate SMα-actin and PCNA expression of neointimal cells in venous autografts. RESULTS: In venous autograft control and experimental groups, SMα-actin-positive smooth muscle cells were proliferated and accumulated excessively in venous autografts, which resulted in significant neointimal formation and vascular lumen narrowing. Neointima quantitative assay revealed that the neointimal hyperplasia of venous autografts was suppressed obviously in graft experimental group, and its neointimal area and NIA/MA ratio of venous autografts were significantly lower than those in graft control group (P<0.01). Immunohistochemical assay indicated that the PCNA labeling index of neointimal cells was significantly lower in graft experimental group than that in graft control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Atorvastatin significantly inhibits the proliferation of neointimal smooth muscle cells and the development of neointimal hyperplasia of venous autografts in rats. Atorvastatin is a powerful inhibitor of restenosis after vascular reconstructive operation with a potential for therapeutic use.