啤酒酵母葡聚糖对断奶仔猪生产性能及淋巴细胞转化率的影响

为了探讨啤酒酵母葡聚糖在断奶仔猪日粮中的适宜添加剂量及其对断奶仔猪细胞免疫功能的影响,本研究进行了2个试验。试验1选用100头(28±2)d断奶的二元杂交断奶仔猪,按单因子试验设计随机分为5个处理,分别饲喂含葡聚糖0、25、50、100mg/kg和200mg/kg的日粮。结果表明:随葡聚糖添加剂量的增加,平均日增重在14￣28 d及0￣28 d呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。试验2选用80头(28±2)d断奶的二元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为2个处理,分别饲喂含葡聚糖0mg/kg和50mg/kg的日粮。在试验的第14天和第28天,每重复取1头仔猪前腔静脉采血,测定外周血淋巴细胞转化率。结果显示,在断奶仔猪日粮中添加50mg/kg葡聚糖提高了仔猪在14￣28d及0￣28d的日增重(P<0.05)。而且,也提高了仔猪在0￣14 d、0￣28 d及28￣35 d的平均日采食量(P<0.05)。但是对淋巴细胞转化率没有影响。结果表明:在断奶仔猪日粮中添加50mg/kg啤酒酵母葡聚糖,可以提高断奶仔猪的生产性能,而且没有性别差异。     

Insulin like growth factor-1 protects c17.2 neural stem cells against radiation-induced injury

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) against radiation-induced injury in c17.2 neural stem cells.METHODS:c17.2 neural stem cells were cultured in vitro and identified by nestin immunohistochemistry and X-gal staining.The IGF-1 adenoviral vector was transfected into c17.2 neural stem cells.The expression of IGF-1 was detected by IGF-1 immunohistochemistry.Necrosis and apoptosis of c17.2 neural stem cells were induced by radiation at doses of 4 Gy,6 Gy and were detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL test.The effect of IGF transfection on the degree of necrosis and apoptosis in these cells was also observed.RESULTS:c17.2 cells were identified by nestin and X-gal staining.Immunohistochemistry verified the expression of IGF-1 in the c17.2 neural stem cells transfected with adenoviral vector.At the same doses of radiation,the rates of apoptosis and necrosis in c17.2 neural stem cells transfected with IGF-1 were lower than those in the cells without IGF-1 adenoviral vector transfection.CONCLUSION:The rate of necrosis and apoptosis of c17.2 neural stem cells induced by radiation is decreased by transfection of IGF-1 adenoviral vector.IGF-1 shows a protective effect on c17.2 cells.     

附睾功能及其对精子成熟的影响

哺乳动物的附睾为精子的成熟提供了特殊的微环境，是精子成熟、保护、运输和贮存的部位，在生殖过程中起着重要作用。附睾上皮细胞的合成、分泌、转运等功能使精子发生了一系列结构、生化和功能的改变．从而使精子获得受精和运动能力。作者对附睾的形态结构、功能和对精子成熟影响研究现状等作简要综述。     

海南番木瓜主产区土壤、植株硒含量及施硒效应研究

海南番木瓜土壤及植株硒含量的调查结果表明：海南主产区的番木瓜果园土壤普遍处于较低硒含量状态。采用叶面喷施并配合土施硒肥的方法，可以明显提高番木瓜植株及果实中的硒含量。     

三种基因型羽衣甘蓝筛选适合叶绿体转化材料

以3种不同基因型的羽衣甘蓝品种"皱叶红心"、"白鸥"和"红鸥"为试材,以MS培养基为基础培养基,分别添加不同质量浓度的6-BA、NAA、IBA激素,筛选不同品种真叶叶片不定芽的诱导频率,同时确定不同材料对除草剂双丙氨膦和抗生素壮观霉素的致死临界质量浓度,为羽衣甘蓝的叶绿体转化研究筛选受体材料。结果表明:影响羽衣甘蓝叶片诱导不定芽因素中,激素质量浓度的影响比品种的影响更大;当诱导培养基中的6-BA质量浓度为1.0mg/L、NAA质量浓度为0.1mg/L时,诱导效果最佳,是3个品种的最适培养基;按照由高到低的顺序排列,3个品种的不定芽诱导率依次为"红鸥"、"白鸥"和"皱叶红心",因此择优利用品种"红鸥"作为后续转基因研究的受体材料;分别利用双丙氨膦和壮观霉素的不同质量浓度梯度进行筛选,研究二者对"红鸥"品种叶片分化的影响,发现双丙氨膦和壮观霉素的最低抑制质量浓度分别为4mg/L和50mg/L。该研究结果对今后利用叶绿体遗传转化技术改良羽衣甘蓝品种提供了技术支持。     

乏情和发情初产母猪卵巢microRNA差异表达分析

为了探索卵巢microRNA （miRNA）在初产母猪生殖调控中的作用,本研究利用Illumina高通量测序技术检测了乏情和发情初产母猪卵巢miRNA的表达谱,并对表达量较高且差异显著的miRNA进行生物信息学分析。结果显示,本研究构建的两个small RNA文库共鉴定出503个miRNAs,其中已知的303个,新预测的200个。在已知的miRNA中,ssc-miR-10b在两个文库中的表达量最高,其次为ssc-miR-143-3p和ssc-miR-26a;在新预测的miRNA中,chr13_2637_mature在两个文库中的表达量最高,其次为chr8_9994_mature。与发情母猪相比,共有145个miRNAs发生显著变化（read counts>10,∣log₂（fold-change）∣>1）,上调114个,下调31个。在进一步筛选的31个表达量较高且差异显著的miRNAs（read counts>1 000,∣log₂（fold-change）∣>1）中,新预测的chr13_2585_mature上调倍数最高,且只在乏情母猪卵巢中表达。31个miRNAs共预测到7 388个靶基因,KEGG信号通路分析显示,有2 788个靶基因注释到了297个KEGG通路,前20个最富集的通路部分与生殖过程或生殖活动调控相关,表明这31个miRNAs参与了初产母猪的生殖调控。本研究结果丰富了猪miRNA数据资源,为进一步深入研究初产母猪的繁殖性能提供了理论依据。     

A study on the mechanism of doxorubicin promoting IL-1β and collagen type I secretion in cardiac fibroblasts

AIM To observe the effect of adriamycin/doxorubicin （DOX） on the production of inflammatory cytokines and collagen in cardiac fibroblasts and its mechanism. METHODS Neonatal SD rat cardiac fibroblasts were isolated, cultured, and identified by immunofluorescence staining with monoclonal antibodies against vimentin observed under a confocal laser-scanning microscope. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to detect the toxicity of DOX on cardiac fibroblasts, and flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC/PI double staining was used to detect apoptosis. ELISA was used to detect the release of inflammatory factors in the supernatant of cultured cells. Immunofluorescence labeling assay was used to detected α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） expression and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species （mROS） in the cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome-related proteins in cardiac fibroblasts. RESULTS （1） Compared with the control group, DOX inhibited the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts （P<0.05）, but had no significant effect on apoptosis （P>0.05）. （2） Treatment with DOX promotes the release of proinflammatory factors interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and IL-6 in cardiac fibroblasts （P<0.05）. （3） The expression of α-SMA, collagen type I and transforming growth factor-β in DOX treatment group increased significantly compared with control group （P<0.05）. （4） Compared with the control group, the levels of mROS, cellular NLRP3 and cleaved caspase-1 in cardiac fibroblasts increased significantly after DOX treatment. CONCLUSION Doxorubicin promotes cardiac fibroblasts to secrete IL-1β and collagen type I by promoting mROS production and activating NLRP3 inflammasome.     

日粮钙或磷缺乏对22~42日龄肉仔鸡生长性能及胫骨组织结构的影响

试验在前期研究日粮钙（Ca）或磷（P）缺乏对1~21日龄肉仔鸡生长性能及胫骨组织结构影响的基础上,进一步研究其对22~42日龄肉仔鸡上述指标的影响。采用2（钙水平：0.90%和0.30%）×2（非植酸磷（NPP）水平：0.35%和0.18%）两因子完全随机试验设计,选取504只1日龄爱拔益加肉公雏随机分为4组,饲养至22日龄时给与不同日粮处理：正常对照组（0.90%钙+0.35%非植酸磷）、磷缺乏组（0.90%钙+0.18%非植酸磷）、钙缺乏组（0.30%钙+0.35%非植酸磷）及钙和磷同时缺乏组（0.30%钙+0.18%非植酸磷）,每个处理7个重复,测定22~42日龄肉仔鸡生长性能及28和42日龄胫骨组织结构。结果表明：与正常对照组相比,日粮钙或磷缺乏显著降低了肉仔鸡平均日采食量（ADFI）、平均日增重（ADG）和胫骨长度（P<0.05）,而显著增加了肉仔鸡料重比（F/G）和胫骨生长板增生区长度（P<0.05）;磷缺乏组肉仔鸡的22~28日龄平均日采食量和平均日增重与28日龄胫骨长度显著低于钙缺乏组及钙和磷同时缺乏组（P<0.05）;磷缺乏组肉仔鸡的22~28日龄死亡率显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）,该处理组肉仔鸡于28日龄时全部死亡;低钙水平显著增加了28日龄肉仔鸡胫骨生长板增生区长度（P<0.05）,而低磷水平显著降低了28日龄肉仔鸡胫骨生长板增生区长度（P<0.05）。综上所述,22~42日龄肉仔鸡生长性能及胫骨组织结构对日粮磷缺乏最为敏感,其次为钙缺乏或钙和磷同时缺乏;低钙水平可增加肉仔鸡胫骨生长板增生区长度而低磷水平则相反。