MicroRNA-142-3p modulates atherosclerosis-associated endothelial cell apoptosis via targeting Rictor

AIM To investigate the role of microRNA-142-3p （miR-142-3p） in endothelial cell apoptosis during atherosclerosis （AS） and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Human aortic endothelial cells （HAECs） were treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein （ox-LDL）. The expression level of miR-142-3p was detected by RT-qPCR. Apoptosis was determined via flow cytometry （FCM） and caspase-3 activity assay. Prediction of the binding site between miR-142-3p and 3’-UTR of Rictor mRNA was performed by bioinformatics analysis and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS The expression of miR-142-3p was substantially up-regulated during the ox-LDL-elicited apoptosis in HAECs （P<0.05,P<0.01）. Forced expression of miR-142-3p exacerbated apoptosis in HAECs whereas inhibition of miR-142-3p partly alleviated apoptotic cell death mediated by ox-LDL. Further analysis identified Rictor as a direct target gene of miR-142-3p, and Rictor knock-down abolished the anti-apoptotic effect of miR-142-3p inhibitor. Moreover, the Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS） signaling pathway was found to mediate the beneficial effect of miR-142-3p inhibitor on endothelial cells apoptosis. CONCLUSION Down-regulation of miR-142-3p inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis and atherosclerotic development by up-regulating the expression of Rictor and activating the Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.     

海水浇灌对不同品种火龙果扦插苗生长和若干生理指标的影响

为明确海水胁迫对火龙果生长生理的影响,以不同品种火龙果(‘帝龙’、‘红龙’、‘紫蜜龙’和‘白龙’)为研究对象,研究了海水(浓度为0、10%、20%和30%)浇灌下不同品种火龙果生长指标和生理特征的变化。结果表明:(1)海水浇灌下4个品种火龙果地上部鲜重均表现为减小趋势,但10%海水浇灌可显著增加‘帝龙’的株高增加量。(2)与淡水相比,海水浇灌下4个品种火龙果地上部和根部K+/Na+均呈不同程度下降趋势,当海水浓度为30%时,与其他3个品种相比,‘帝龙’地上部和根部K+/Na+下降幅度最小。(3)4个品种火龙果地上部可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、CAT活性和SOD活性随海水浓度增加均呈先上升后下降趋势。其中,20%海水处理下,‘帝龙’可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量和CAT活性上升幅度均高于其他品种。可见,低浓度海水胁迫下,火龙果表现出一定耐盐性,且‘帝龙’耐盐性相对较好。     

木薯叶片厚度、蜡质含量和气孔密度与抗朱砂叶螨的关系

为明确不同木薯品种的叶片组织结构与抗朱砂叶螨的关系,通过对木薯田间螨害情况的调查,计算出感、抗性稳定的感螨品种华南101、华南124和抗螨品种华南7号、华南13号的螨害指数,同时对叶片的相关物理性状进行测定,分析了叶片厚度、蜡质含量和气孔密度与木薯抗朱砂叶螨的关系。结果表明:4份木薯种质华南101、华南124、华南7号和华南13号的螨害指数依次为89.2%、65.8%、38.3%和0.8%;木薯叶片厚度与螨害指数呈显著负相关;气孔密度与螨害指数呈显著正相关;蜡质含量与螨害指数无显著相关性。上述结果为深入探究木薯抗螨机制提供了初步的理论基础。     

玉米镰孢穗腐病发生条件及化学防治效果研究

通过人工接种筛选抗病品种资源,研究播期、种植密度对病害发生的影响,明确玉米镰孢菌穗腐病发生与品种资源、播期、种植密度的关系,分析棘孢木霉菌颗粒剂(TCF)和XDS种衣剂(40%毒死蜱乳油、20%辛硫磷和10%井岗霉素混剂)对玉米穗腐病的防效。结果表明,32个自交系中有6个抗病自交系,延迟播种玉米镰孢菌穗腐病发生严重,播种密度对病害发生程度无显著影响。人工接种条件下,TCF颗粒剂穴施、XDS种衣剂拌种2个处理表现为百粒重增加、秃尖长度降低,TCF颗粒剂穴施处理的防效最高,为48.69%。     

缓释肥减量施用对覆膜栽培玉米生物性状、干物质积累与养分分配的影响

通过大田试验研究缓释肥覆膜减量条件下的玉米生物性状、干物质分配比例、养分含量差异及其与产量的相关性分析。结果表明,与不覆膜(T2)处理相比,覆膜可使玉米的茎粗提高11.05%~19.34%,株高提高2.78%~5.39%,穗位高提高6.20%~10.28%,覆膜条件下缓释肥减量对玉米生物性状无明显影响。覆膜可以使玉米干物质积累提高25.22%~31.01%,较普通复合肥(T6)相比,施用缓释肥更有利于玉米干物质积累,且缓释肥覆膜减量15%(T4)不会影响玉米干物质积累,减量过度(T5)则会显著降低玉米干物质积累以及子粒和茎秆的氮含量。相关分析发现,玉米产量与生物性状存在显著或极显著的相关性,与不同部位养分含量也存在显著或极显著相关性。覆膜条件下施用缓释肥有利于改善玉米生物性状,提高干物质积累和养分含量,玉米茎粗、株高、穗位高与茎秆氮含量、叶片钾含量、子粒氮含量可以作为玉米产量评估的重要指标。     

赣中北“油稻稻”三熟制下头季稻叶片衰老频度对再生稻再生力的影响

为研究三熟制条件下适合种植的再生稻品种及头季叶片衰老频度对再生力特性的影响,在大田试验条件下,以10个杂交水稻品种为材料,比较分析了这些品种的再生力、再生季产量及头季衰老强度等若干性状。结果表明,头季不同品种结实率与再生季再生力呈正相关关系,相关系数为0.620,头季千粒重、叶干质量下降率、叶绿素含量下降率、产量与再生季再生力呈负相关关系,相关系数分别为-0.522、-0.516、-0.637、-0.676。再生季有效穗数与再生力呈显著正相关关系,与活芽率呈负相关,相关系数分别为0.757和-0.615。头季结实率、叶片叶绿素含量、产量,以及再生季有效穗数和千粒重是影响再生力的重要因素。综合两季产量和再生力特性来看,深两优5814、C两优608、准两优608、丰两优香1号等4个品种可以作为再生稻在江西中北部的三熟制条件下种植。     

广东主要品种(品系)工夫红茶适制性分析

对广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所培育的具有代表性的品种(品系)进行工夫红茶适制性分析,结果表明,不同的品种(品系)优势各不相同,但大体上都具有较高的水浸出物和氨基酸含量,揭示了各个品种(品系)的特点,为今后优异红茶品种的选育提供依据和参考。     

茶树紫芽花青素研究进展

花青素作为一种天然色素与抗氧化剂,在食品、医疗、保健等领域有着广阔的开发利用前景。茶树紫芽作为一种高花青素含量的特异性茶树资源,其创新利用研究逐渐深入,特色紫芽茶树品种的选育和高花青素茶叶产品的开发利用越来越受人们的关注。本文综述了茶树紫芽花青素的结构性质、代谢途径、提取工艺和功能作用等,以期为茶叶紫芽花青素的开发利用提供参考。     

茶树越冬芽在休眠与萌发时期的物质交流变化及其分子调控

为揭示不同萌发物候型茶树的休眠机制,以特早生茶树品种龙井43和中生茶树品种碧云为材料,利用钙黄素处理茶树茎段,检测越冬芽在休眠与萌发时期与其他器官的物质交流情况。利用同源比对鉴定胼胝质水解相关基因,并分析其序列特征及在冬季不同时期的表达模式。结果表明,越冬芽在茶树生长阶段和休眠阶段都存在着与着生茎段和母叶间的物质交流;从茶树越冬芽休眠形成到解除的不同时期,其物质交流存在"强-弱-强"的变化规律,但龙井43的与碧云相比存在较短的物质交流减弱时期;两种茶树的物质交流变化模式与鉴定到的茶树胼胝质水解正向调控相关基因CsGLU1的表达模式密切相关;启动子序列分析进一步证实CsGLU1启动子区有多个与激素信号以及低温和休眠响应相关转录因子结合的保守序列。茶树越冬芽在休眠和非休眠状态下都存在与茎和母叶之间的物质交流,且物质交流强弱与茶树越冬芽休眠状态改变密切相关。CsGLU1可能是参与胼胝质水解调控,改变茶树越冬芽物质交流水平,进而影响茶树休眠状态的关键基因。这对明确茶树越冬芽休眠状态变化和深入揭示不同萌发物候型茶树休眠机理有重要意义。     

Neuroprotective effect of fasudil combined with bone marrow-derived neural stem cells on mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

AIM: To explore the neuroprotective effect of fasudil combined with bone marrow-derived neural stem cells (BM-NSCs) on the mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). METHODS: Female C57BL/6 mice (8~10 weeks old, n=32) were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 (MOG_35-55) to establish chronic EAE model. The mice were randomly divided into control (ddH₂O) group, fasudil group, BM-NSCs group, and fasudil+BM-NSCs group. The clinical score and body weight were recorded every other day. The expression of neurotrophic factors was determined by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: In comparison with ddH₂O group, fasudil combined with BM-NSCs delayed onset and ameliorated severity of EAE. The numbers of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3 and ciliary neurotrophic factor positive cells in fasudil group, BM-NSCs group and fasudil+BM-NSCs group were all increased in various extents. In particularly, the expression of these neurotrophic factors in fasudil+BM-NSCs group was significantly higher than that in the mice treated with fasudil or BM-NSCs alone (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Fasudil combined with BM-NSCs promotes the expression of neurotrophic factors and improves microenvironment of central nervous system, thus playing a positive role in neural restoration and regeneration through a synergistic and superimposed effect.