Regulation of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 expression by uPA signal transduction system in human bone giant cell tumor

AIM: To study effects of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) signal transduction on expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) in giant cell tumor of bone (GCT). METHODS: Expression of uPAR, MMP-2 and TIMP-3 in GCT tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Phosphorylation level of mitogen-activated protein kinase (p44) in uPA/uPAR signal pathway in cultured GCT cells was detected by immunoprecipitation. The expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 in cultured cells after treatment with uPA-ATF or anti-uPAR antibody was also detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: 1) Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) was positive on the cell membrane and in cytoplasm of some mononuclear stromal cells (MSCs) and multinucleated giant cells (MGCs); 2) MMP-2 was positive in the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane of almost all of MSCs and some of MGCs. The polar distribution of MMP-2 in the cytoplasm of MGCs was especially obvious; 3) The expression of TIMP-3 of some MSCs and MGCs in GCT was much lower than MMP-2. The positive signal also showed a prominent polarity; 4) After treatment with uPA-ATF, the phosphorylation level of p44 in GCT cultured cells was much higher than the control. Addition of anti-uPAR antibody in the cells remarkably down-regulated the phosphorylation level of p44 as compared with the control group, suggesting that uPA-ATF participates cell signal transduction and this reaction can be inhibited by anti-uPAR antibody; 5) uPA-ATF cell signal pathway up-regulated expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3, while anti-uPAR antibody down-regulated the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate for the first time that uPA-ATF directly regulates the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 by signal transduction pathway, and the over-expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 may play an important role in local osteolysis of GCT.     

Osmolarity,cell volume and proliferation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the relationship between osmolarity, cell volume and cell proliferation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. METHODS: MTT method was applied to detect the proliferation ability of the poorly-differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell (CNE-2Z) under various osmolarity conditions. The flow cytometry was used to analyse cell cycle distribution. Cell volume was obtained by the image analysis of living cells and cell viability was determined by the trypan blue assay. RESULTS: Cultivation of cells under the hypertonic conditions of 370 and 440 mOsmol/L increased cell volume by 8.7% and 27.8% and facilitated cell proliferation by 22.2% and 33.9%, respectively. However, hypotonic incubation of cells with osmolarity of 160 and 230 mOsmol/L decreased cell volume by 12.8% and 4.1% and inhibited cell proliferation by 34.0% and 15.6%, respectively. Cell volume was positively correlated with cell proliferation rate. Long-term cultivation of cells under anisotonic conditions did not significantly alter cell cycle distribution, but hypotonic cultivation decreased cell viability. CONCLUSION: Proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells was closely correlated with the osmolarity of culture medium and cell volume. Hypotonic cultivation may inhibit cell proliferation by decreasing cell volume to facilitate cell death mechanisms.     

Relationship of p21WAF1 gene polymorphisms with protein expression in breast carcinomas

AIM: To investigate the relationship between p21^WAF1gene polymorphisms and protein expression in breast carcinoma. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphisms technique (PCR-SSCP) and immunohistochemical assay of S-P immunostaining technique were used to study polymorphisms of p21^WAF1 and protein expression respectively on the specimen of paraffin-embedded tissues in 100 cases of breast carcinomas and 40 benign breast diseases as control. RESULTS: Two p21^WAF1 gene polymorphisms were found in 18% (18/100) of breast carcinomas and 5% (2/40) of control samples. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ²=3.94, P＜0.05). The positive immunohistochemical reaction of p21^WAF1 protein were found in 50% (50/100) of breast carcinomas and 12.5% (5/40) of control samples. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ²=16.84, P＜0.01). The positive immunohistochemical reaction of p21^WAF1 protein were found in 100% (18/18) of breast carcinomas with p21^WAF1 gene polymorphisms and 39% (32/82) of no p21^WAF1 gene polymorphisms. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (χ²=21.95, P＜0.01). The p21^WAF1 gene polymorphisms were correlated with the protein expression in breast carcinomas (r=0.576, P＜0.01). CONCLUSION: p21^WAF1 gene polymorphisms may create the different copies of mRNA and may make relevant protein molecules.     

Induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro by dendritic cells pulsed with different glioma antigens

AIM: The goal of this study was to compare different methods for tumor antigen preparation, to observe the induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in rats by dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with different tumor antigens. METHODS: The precursors of dendritic cells were isolated from bone marrow of rats, stimulated in vitro with recombinent rat granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rrGM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (rrIL-4). Then rat DCs were pulsed with C6 tumor cell antigens prepared with different methods: freeze-thaw, boiling or total protein extracted from ultrasonic crushed tumor cell. Subsequently primed DCs were cocultured with T lymphocytes isolated from spleen to induce CTL. Lymphocyte chemoattractant factor from DCs and cytokine IFN-γ release were determined by ELISA, the cytotoxicity of CTL was assayed by JAM test. RESULTS: DCs pulsed with boiled tumor cell in vitro induced an enhanced ability of T-cell proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity.CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that DCs primed with boiled tumor cell may represent a method for inducing immune responses against the entire repertoire of tumor antigens of malignancies.     

洛南县秦川牛改良山地黄牛调查报告

秦川牛是我国著名地方良种黄牛 ,我县从 2 0世纪 5 0年代开始引进秦川种公牛改良当地黄牛 ,2 0世纪 70年代末推广牛的冷配技术 ,引进秦川种公牛冷冻精液颗粒、细管 ,坚持本交与人工授精相结合。全县累计引进秦川牛 670 0多头 ,改良配种 9.0 1万头 ,产改良牛 6.5 8万头。秦川牛的引进 ,丰富了我县黄牛遗传基因库 ,优化了牛群整体结构 ,改良效果明显 ,社会经济效益显著     

禽流感病毒夹心ELISA快速检测方法的研究

以禽流感病毒(AIV)湖北分离株(H9N2亚型)提纯物为免疫原，制备出鸡抗AIV和兔抗AIV抗体，经用琼脂扩散法测得效价分别为1:32和1:16。以纯化的鸡抗AIVIgG为包被抗体，兔抗AIVIgG为第二抗体，建立了检测AIV抗原的夹心ELISA法。结果表明，鸡抗AIVIgG的最佳包被浓度为1μg/mL，兔抗AIV IgG的最适工作浓度为5μg/mL；对已知的阳性样品，用夹心ELISA法测得的病毒滴度比血球凝集滴度高16倍以上，且能检出其它亚型的禽流感病毒；与新城疫病毒、传染性支气管炎病毒、减蛋综合征病毒、传染性喉气管炎病毒、传染性法氏囊病病毒、鸡痘病毒、马立克氏病病毒等无交叉反应，说明本方法有很高的特异性及敏感性。对14个鸡场送检的、患有呼吸道疾病或有腹膜炎、眼炎、产蛋下降、怀疑为禽流感感染的病鸡进行了检测，结果有7个鸡场为阳性。本方法的建立为禽流感病鸡群的临床检验提供了一种方便、敏感、快速的检测方法。     

第十九期鸡胚原始生殖细胞的冷冻保存

采用Ficoll密度梯度离心,提取第 19期(孵化 72h)性腺中的PGCs,对其应用不同的冷冻保护液和不同的平衡方法进行冷冻保存,并于复苏后进行体外培养。复苏后的PGCS用台盼蓝染色检测其存活率,结果发现:从第 19期性腺中获取的PGCs在同一种冷冻保护液下,采用不同的平衡方法进行冷冻,对PGCs的存活率有显著影响(P<0.05)或极显著影响(P<0.01);平衡方法相同,在不同冷冻保护液之间存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著 (P<0.01)差异。PGCs经体外培养 24h后再进行冷冻保存,复苏后其存活率、体外培养存活时间均极显著(P<0.01)短于分离后直接冷冻的PGCs。     

HBV/HAV复合抗原基因在CHO细胞中的表达

为探讨HBV／HAV复合疫苗的可行性，利用DNA重组技术将HBsAg与HAW复合多表位抗原基因VPX进行融合，插入到真核表达质粒pVAX1多克隆位点，构建成核酸表达疫苗pVAX1／SVPX，将其转染CHO细胞。转染细胞培养48h后，进行RTPCR、Western-blot、ELISA分析，结果表明HBV／HAV复合抗原基因SVPX能够在CHO细胞内转录、表达，融合蛋白具有HBV和HAV抗原的特性。     

猪2型圆环病毒核酸疫苗免疫效应研究

PCR扩增PCV2 ORF2和BVP22基因。将ORF2基因克隆入真核表达载体pCDNA3．1（＋），构建了pCORF2作为核酸疫苗免疫小白鼠。同时将具有蛋白转导功能的BVP22基因分别克隆到ORF2基因的上游和下游，使二者融合表达，命名为pCORF2BVP22和pCBVP220RF2。分4组肌肉免疫BALB/c小白鼠，分别注射pCDNA3．1（＋）、pCORF2、pCORF2BVP22和pCBVP220RF2，共免疫2次，间隔2周，分别于首免后2周和二免后4周采血，ELISA法检测体液抗体。同时为在体外验证ORF2和BVP22基因的真核表达，将ORF2和BVP22基因分别克隆入pEGFP-N1载体，构建了pNORF2和pNBVP22，转染Hela细胞后在荧光显微镜下观察到了ORF2和BVP22在体外的瞬时高效表达。结果显示，通过两次免疫后，各疫苗组均产生了针对ORF2的体液抗体，同时证明BVP22可增强核酸疫苗的免疫效果，其中以BVP22在ORF2上游效果更好。本研究为防制猪2型圆环病毒感染提供了较为理想的侯选疫苗。     

猪伪狂犬病基因缺失疫苗的制备、安全性、免疫原性、保存期测定及区域试验

为了提供有效的伪狂犬病疫苗，用鸡胚成纤维细胞扩大培养了PrV HB-98突变株（TK^-/gG^-/LacZ^＋），研制了伪狂犬病基因缺失疫苗，并对该疫苗经肌肉接种、经口等免疫途径的最小免疫剂量进行了测定，同时也对4批疫苗的安全性、效力、免疫期和保存期进行了检测；同时将4批疫苗用于免疫23个猪场的母猪、新生仔猪和育肥猪进行区域试验。测定结果表明，疫苗经上述两种途径接种对不同阶段猪的最小免疫剂量均为10^5.0 TCID50；10倍免疫剂量的疫苗对初生仔猪、15日龄仔猪和妊娠母猪是安全的，免疫猪能抵抗强毒的攻击；疫苗在4℃和-20℃下分别可保存6个月和12个月。对伪狂犬病毒抗体阴性的70日龄商品猪和种猪的免疫期为6个月。田间试验表明，4批猪伪狂犬病基因缺失疫苗安全有效，并可用于仔猪发病时的紧急接种。为猪伪狂犬病基因工程疫苗的制备与应用提供了有力的依据。