不同青贮添加剂对紫花苜蓿青贮品质的影响

本试验从2006-2008年在塔里木大学选用天然发酵粉剂、绿汁发酵液、精准牌添加剂以及EM-原液对苜蓿进行青贮对比试验,结果表明,4种添加剂均能改善苜蓿青贮品质,经过气味、质地、色泽感官评定,天然发酵粉剂和绿汁发酵液青贮苜蓿为优等青贮饲料,而且它们的pH值(4.16,4.28)、丁酸(0,0)、NDF(28.0%,27.56%)、ADF(26.96%,26.83%)含量均较低,与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05);而天然发酵粉剂与精准牌添加剂青贮苜蓿的乳酸含量分别为6.833 3和8.426 7,显著高于对照组的2.413 3(P<0.05),氨态氮含量则显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。4种添加剂在提高乳酸含量,降低氨态氮、pH值、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、NDF和ADF含量等方面表现最好的是天然发酵粉剂,均显著优于对照组(P<0.05),其次是绿汁发酵液、精准牌添加剂。综合考虑,天然发酵粉剂和绿汁发酵剂青贮效果优于精准牌添加剂和EM-原液,天然发酵粉剂与绿汁发酵剂青贮效果相当。     

Forest recovery after clear-cutting in Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis) plantations of North China

In Hebei Province of North China, forest was recovered with natural recruitment in plantations with large area of clear-cutting Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis). This study was aimed to demonstrate the dynamic characteristics of recruits during the natural recruitment. Both plot survey and the spatial point-pattern analysis were performed. Five developmental stages of natural recruitment were selected and studied, including 1 year before and 2, 5, 8, and 11 years after clear-cutting. Different slope aspects were also included. Natural recruitment was always dominated by Chinese pine with a proportion of higher than 90%. For plots of 1 year before clear-cutting on east-and north-facing slopes, recruit densities were 7886 and 5036 stems/hm2, the average heights were 0.78(±0.85) and 1.06(±1.15) m, and the average diameters at breast height(DBH) were 3.21(±1.38) and 2.91(±1.38) cm, respectively. After clear-cutting, recruit density was initially increased, then it was gradually declined with time; however, the variation of average DBH was contrary to that of recruit density. Both of them were no longer varied between 8 and 11 years after clear-cutting. The average height of recruits continued to increase after clear-cutting. For the plots of 11 years after clear-cutting on east-and north-facing slopes, average heights of recruits reached 2.00(±1.14) and 2.24(±1.20) m, respectively. The statuses of recruits on north-facing slopes were better than those on east-facing slopes after clear-cutting. Meanwhile, recruits on east-facing slopes were always aggregated at small scales, while spatial pattern of recruits varied with time on north-facing slopes. Moreover, forest was recovered more quickly by natural recruitment than by artificial afforestation after clear-cutting. The structural diversity was higher in naturally regenerated forests than in plantations of the same age. Our results demonstrated that clear-cutting of Chinese pine plantations recovered by natural recruitment has the potential to be an effective approach for establishing multifunctional forest.     

鹅DHRS7基因克隆、序列分析及其在鹅肥肝形成过程中的表达特点

为获得鹅DHRS7基因全长cDNA,并探讨该基因是否参与鹅肥肝的形成过程。本研究应用抑制消减杂交文库获得鹅DHRS7基因部分EST序列,采用RACE技术扩增了鹅该基因全长cDNA,并对其序列进行了生物信息分析;用荧光定量PCR技术检测了DHRS7在鹅肝脏、皮脂、腹脂等10个组织中的差异表达,以及填饲对鹅肝脏中DHRS7表达变化的影响。结果发现,鹅DHRS7基因cDNA全长1 279bp,含一个完整的开放阅读框1 011bp(可编码336个氨基酸),25bp的5′UTR和243bp的3′UTR序列;生物信息学分析结果显示,鹅DHRS7含有跨膜结构域以及NADP结合位点,且在这些功能区域变异较少;荧光定量结果显示,DHRS7在鹅肝脏和脂肪组织中都有较高表达,填饲后鹅肝脏中DHRS7的表达水平显著上调(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,DHRS7在鹅肥肝形成过程中具有重要的作用。     

中度盐碱地氮、磷肥对蓖麻生育特性和产量的影响

以淄蓖8号为试验品种,研究了中度盐碱地蓖麻在不同施氮量和施磷量条件下的生长特性、干物质积累、产量构成和产量。结果表明,氮肥、磷肥和两者互作对各时期主茎真叶数的影响不显著,氮肥、磷肥和两者互作从蕾期开始对株高和地上部干重的影响达显著或极显著水平,从苗期开始对叶干重和茎干重的影响达显著或极显著水平,对花序干重的影响达显著或极显著水平;氮肥对每株穗数的影响达到显著水平,磷肥及二者互作的影响未达到显著水平;氮肥、磷肥及二者互作对每穗粒数、百粒重和籽粒产量的影响达到显著或极显著水平;开花期、花后和灌浆成熟期群体地上部干物质积累与籽粒产量均呈显著线性正相关关系,提高开花后干物质的积累有利于籽粒产量的提高。在本试验条件下,施氮量225 kg·hm－2、施磷量90 kg·hm－2,苗期和蕾期各施用氮、磷肥的50％获得的籽粒产量最高,达3568．4 kg·hm－2。     

用原子荧光法检测家蚕体内硒的含量及其分布

硒对动物生殖发育、免疫系统具有重要功能,是动物必需微量元素。采用原子荧光法对不同系统家蚕体内硒的含量及其分布进行测定,结果显示:在喂食相同桑叶的情况下,不同系统家蚕品种幼虫体内的硒含量存在显著差异,5龄第4天的中系家蚕品种幼虫体内的硒含量明显高于日系家蚕品种,其中中系家蚕品种19-570体内的硒含量最高。对家蚕品种大造体内硒分布的研究结果表明:精巢中的硒含量明显高于其他组织,头部次之,脂肪体中的硒含量相对较低,由此推测硒在家蚕的生殖发育过程中可能发挥着重要作用。     

转青蚕卵冷藏13天后的饲养试验初报

在生产上,常常会碰到蚕种发种后,还需要补种的情况,为此催青时都要备一定数量的预备种,在发种前把多余的蚕种冷藏.以前,在蚕种全部转青且卵色均匀一致时冷藏,时间掌握在7 d以内,超过时间把多余的蚕烧毁,这样既浪费了蚕种,义使有些养蚕户补不到蚕种.2008年我区4月29日发种,到5月12日冰箱内还剩几十张蚕种,这些蚕种饲养情况怎么样,我们带着这些问题取了少量的转青蚕卵(即1078粒),在催青室作养蚕试验调查.     

番茄组织培养研究进展

番茄组织培养是遗传转化及功能基因组学研究的基础。本文综述了番茄离体再生的影响因素,包括基因型、外植体、植物生长调节物质、物理因素、生根条件等,对番茄离体再生中的组织形态学、体细胞变异的研究进展进行了概述,并对今后番茄组织培养研究进行了展望。     

PRRSV重组N蛋白的抗原性分析及其特异性抗体制备

利用大肠杆菌表达技术和亲和层析法纯化出重组PRRSV N蛋白 ,用间接ELISA法和Western blot分析 ,证明其具有较好的抗原性。将该纯化蛋白采用大剂量长程免疫法免疫家兔 ,制备了兔抗重组N蛋白抗体 ,用Western blot分析和竞争抑制试验证明其具有很高的特异性 ,ELISA效价达 1∶32 0 0以上。     

桂林老虎猫瘟热病毒的分离鉴定

我们在作猫细小病毒分子流行病学调查过程中,从桂林送棼的考虑粪便中分离出１株虎细小病毒,并对其进行了系统鉴定,经形态学理化学血清学交叉中和试验、动物感染试验与分子生物学,证明为一株猫瘟热病毒（猫泛白细胞减少症病毒）的强毒。     

保护地蔬菜灰霉病菌的菌系分布及致病力分化测定

以山东省寿光市保护地栽培蔬菜上分离的30个灰霉病菌菌株为试材,采用菌落培养性状观察和菌饼活体接种法,研究灰霉病菌的菌系划分及对黄瓜叶片的致病力差异。结果表明:供试菌株划分为菌核型、菌丝型和孢子型3个菌系,不同菌株对黄瓜叶片的致病力分化显著,致病力强弱与寄主植物无显著相关性;强致病力菌株以菌核型为主,菌丝型和孢子型菌株致病力相对较弱。