家蚕丝素蛋白抗氧化肽的制备及其稳定性研究

利用碱性蛋白酶水解家蚕丝素蛋白制备抗氧化肽,考察水解pH、水解时间、加酶量、底物浓度、水解温度5个因素对水解产物DPPH自由基清除率的影响,在此基础上采用响应面试验优化水解工艺条件,并调查家蚕丝素蛋白抗氧化肽对热、酸、碱和体外肠道消化的稳定性,测定不同分子质量范围的家蚕丝素蛋白水解产物组分的抗氧化活性.结果 表明,碱性蛋白酶水解制备家蚕丝素蛋白抗氧化肽的最优工艺条件为水解pH 8.69、水解时间60 min、加酶量3035 U/g、底物(丝素蛋白)质量浓度26.80 g/L、水解温度53.89℃,在此条件下制备获得的家蚕丝素蛋白抗氧化肽对DPPH自由基的清除率为55.16％.家蚕丝素蛋白抗氧化肽具有良好的热稳定性;在中性环境中抗氧化活性很稳定,但在强酸和强碱环境中抗氧化活性明显降低;经体外模拟胃肠道消化后,对DPPH自由基的清除率比未消化处理对照组提高了9.43百分点.分子质量小于5 kD组分是家蚕丝素蛋白抗氧化肽的主要活性组分.研究结果为家蚕丝素蛋白功能产品的开发提供了试验依据.     

Phylogenetic analysis of S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from China

Between 2006 and 2009, seven strains of infectious bronchitis (IB) virus (IBV) were isolated from vaccinated chicken flocks on different chicken farms in China. The pathogenic characters of seven IBV strains were assessed. Each of the seven strains was infective to the test chickens and could induce an immune response. The results from chicken embryo cross-neutralization assays showed that these strains were antigenically distinct from classic IBV strains of H120, M41, Conn, and Gray. Compared to H120 vaccine strain, point mutation, short insertion, and deletion occurred at many positions in the S1 protein of the seven strains. Five of the seven strains had the motif (HRRRR), which was identical to that of the epidemic IBV strains in China. Two new motifs (HRLRR and RRIRR) emerged in the isolated strains. The homology of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the S1 gene among the seven isolates was 81.7%-99.7% and 79.0%-99.4%, respectively. These seven strains were also genetically different from the vaccine strains and non-China IBV strains but closely related to large numbers of Chinese strains. The seven isolates and 36 reference IBV strains were clustered into six distinct groups (I-VI). The seven strains were categorized into groups I, II, and III, forming a big phylogenetic branch, which is closely related to Chinese IBVs, whereas the vaccine strains belonging to group VI are genetically distant from groups I, II, and III. The results from this study indicate that different IBV strains cocirculate in the chicken population in China.     

于娜与『大饼』

带犬女民警于娜,今年24岁,是北京市公安局刑侦总队警犬侦查训练大队的侦查员。     

奶牛隐性酮病的研究概况

本文将黑龙江省规模化奶牛场隐性酮病的多年研究进行小结,根据奶牛隐性酮病的发病特点,并结合国内外的文献,概述了黑龙江省奶牛隐性酮病的发生情况、病因学、临床病理学特征和检测及防治方面的研究状况,提出一些问题,旨在为今后的研究提供新的思路和方向,从而创造良好的经济价值.     

古巴非洲猪瘟根除的经验与借鉴

1971年非洲猪瘟首次传入古巴并于当年根除,1980年再次传入并在一年内又被根除。古巴能快速根除非洲猪瘟,主要与防控专业委员会的及时成立,协作机制的快速建立;全面扑杀措施的快速实施,健康猪产品的合理利用;民间团队的积极参与以及政府财政的大力支持密切相关。古巴的根除经验,可为我国非洲猪瘟的防控提供参考。     

齐墩螨素对棉铃虫毒杀作用特点及对常用杀虫剂毒力的影响

作者采用饲料混药法测定了齐墩螨素对不同龄期棉铃虫的毒力。结果表明,处理后４８ｈ和９６ｈ对初孵、１龄、３龄、４龄幼虫的致死中浓度ＬＣ５０分别为０．０１４１、０．０４９、０．５８、１．１４和０．００５、０．０２１、０．６４、１．１３μｇ／ｇ,同时还观察到１龄幼虫经处理９６ｈ后幼虫体长抑制率与药剂浓度成正相关,当药剂浓度为０．００６２５、０．０１２５、０．０２５和０．０５μｇ／ｇ时,体长抑制率分别为９．     

根际加温对无土栽培非洲菊冬季产花的影响

 试验结果表明, 非洲菊7 个切花品种冬季无土栽培根际加温可促进其产花。根温为20 ℃时显著提高了切花的产量与质量, 单株产量、花茎长、茎粗、花重较对照分别提高了71. 34 %、19. 14 %、8. 5 %、23. 72 % , 但对花径的增大作用不显著。根温为15 ℃时可显著提高切花产量, 较对照切花增产33. 21 %; 对花茎长、茎粗生长也有促进作用, 但对花径、花重无显著影响。根际加温对不同品种增加产量与提高质量效果不同, 根际加温至20 ℃时, 品种‘日’、‘签证’与‘莫尔’产量较高, 质量优良: 冬季84 d 产量可达9. 90、9. 56 与9. 30 支/株, 花径为10. 21、9. 92 与10. 05 cm , 花茎长为55. 10、53. 61 与54. 82 cm , 茎粗为0. 65、0. 63与0. 61 cm , 花重为21. 52、22. 68 与22. 50 g。     

多抗、优质、丰产、中熟早籼水稻新品种的选育

经数年抗性鉴定表明,杂交育成的中熟早籼新品种HA79317-4和湘早籼3号(HA79317-7)抗白叶枯病、稻瘟病、褐飞虱、白背飞虱、黑尾叶蝉,而且抗性稳定。1981—1987年品比、省区试、南方稻区区试及大面积生产实践结果表明,亩产400公斤左右,比当地同熟期主栽品种增产5.81—11.01％,于1985年评为全国优质米品种,获农牧渔业部奖状和金杯奖。这两个新品种适宜于长江中、下游流域和以南地区种植,至1987年省内外已推广面积达1000万亩以上。     

Tape-Arabidopsis Sandwich - a simpler Arabidopsis protoplast isolation method

Background  

Protoplasts isolated from leaves are useful materials in plant research. One application, the transient expression of recombinant genes using Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts (TEAMP), is currently commonly used for studies of subcellular protein localization, promoter activity, and in vivo protein-protein interactions. This method requires cutting leaves into very thin slivers to collect mesophyll cell protoplasts, a procedure that often causes cell damage, may yield only a few good protoplasts, and is time consuming. In addition, this protoplast isolation method normally requires a large number of leaves derived from plants grown specifically under low-light conditions, which may be a concern when material availability is limited such as with mutant plants, or in large scale experiments.