Endothelial cell membranes: polarity of particles as seen by freeze-fracturing

Freeze-fracturing shows particles within membranes. In plasma membranes of most cells the particles are more strongly bound to the inner half. In unfixed endothelial cells, this polarity is reversed. Glutaraldehyde fixation results in conventional polarity. The reverse polarity may be related to a mechanism for preferential fusion of pinocytotic vesicles with the plasma membrane.     

雏鸡中脑视顶盖I层细胞构筑研究

为进一步阐明鸟类视觉通路的结构特征,试验采用Golgi-Cox法,灌流固定后尼氏体(Nissl bodies)染色和羰花青荧光染料DiI(1,1-’dioctadecyl-3,3,3’,3-t’etramethylindocarbo-cyanine perchlorate)逆向神经标记技术,对雏鸡视顶盖I层的厚度和该层的细胞形态、大小进行了观察研究和数理统计。结果表明,I层细胞多数呈梭形,还有少数呈圆形、椭圆形、锥形、三角形和不规则形状等。I层外侧部较背侧部和腹侧部厚。按照胞体面积大小将细胞分为4类:巨细胞、大细胞、中细胞和小细胞,I层背侧、腹侧和外侧以巨细胞最少,其中背侧、腹侧以小细胞为主,外侧以中细胞数量最多。I细胞具有2~6个主树突,其中有2个主树突的细胞最多(60.7%,n=128)。     

Evidence for reduced recombination on the nondisjoined chromosomes 21 in Down syndrome

Trisomy 21 usually results from nondisjunction during meiosis I. In order to determine whether nondisjunction results from failure of normal chromosome pairing or premature unpairing, recombination frequencies were estimated between DNA polymorphic markers on the long arm of chromosome 21 in families containing one individual with trisomy 21. The recombination frequencies on chromosomes 21 that had undergone nondisjunction were then compared to those on chromosomes 21 that had disjoined normally. The data indicate that recombination is reduced between DNA markers on nondisjoined chromosomes 21. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that reduced chiasma formation predisposes to nondisjunction, resulting in trisomy 21 in humans.     

Deposition of conformal copper and nickel films from supercritical carbon dioxide

Device-quality copper and nickel films were deposited onto planar and etched silicon substrates by the reduction of soluble organometallic compounds with hydrogen in a supercritical carbon dioxide solution. Exceptional step coverage on complex surfaces and complete filling of high-aspect-ratio features of less than 100 nanometers width were achieved. Nickel was deposited at 60 degrees C by the reduction of bis(cyclopentadienyl)nickel and copper was deposited from either copper(I) or copper(II) compounds onto the native oxide of silicon or metal nitrides with seed layers at temperatures up to 200 degrees C and directly on each surface at temperatures above 250 degrees C. The latter approach provides a single-step means for achieving high-aspect-ratio feature fill necessary for copper interconnect structures in future generations of integrated circuits.     

作物定位轮作体系长期试验研究(IV)——土壤优势真菌对大豆种子萌发的影响

试验于2000年在东北农业大学院内试验田进行,从大豆正茬、迎茬、连作、7年连作(自1994年连续种植大豆)田间土壤中分离出优势真菌进行实验。研究表明,土壤真菌优势类群在苗期以木霉、青霉、镰刀菌为主,在盛花期和结荚期以青霉、毛霉、黑根霉为主,连作大豆的土壤真菌优势类群的种类、数量高于其它茬口。经不同茬口土壤真菌毒素液处理大豆种子后,表现出抑制大豆种子发芽,各处理间由于品种不同、茬口不同略有差别,抑制作用为连作>迎茬>正茬,7年连作处理的抑制作用有强有弱。     

Apollo 17 seismic profiling: probing the lunar crust

Apollo 17 seismic data are interpreted to determine the structure of the lunar crust to a depth of several kilometers. Seismic velocity increases in a marked stepwise manner beneath the Taurus-Littrow region at the Apollo 17 site. A thickness of about 1200 meters is indicated for the infilling mare basalts at Taurus-Littrow. The apparent velocity is high (about 4 kilomleters per second) in the material immediately underlying the basalts.     

Medulloblastoma growth inhibition by hedgehog pathway blockade

Constitutive Hedgehog (Hh) pathway activity is associated with initiation of neoplasia, but its role in the continued growth of established tumors is unclear. Here, we investigate the therapeutic efficacy of the Hh pathway antagonist cyclopamine in preclinical models of medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Cyclopamine treatment of murine medulloblastoma cells blocked proliferation in vitro and induced changes in gene expression consistent with initiation of neuronal differentiation and loss of neuronal stem cell-like character. This compound also caused regression of murine tumor allografts in vivo and induced rapid death of cells from freshly resected human medulloblastomas, but not from other brain tumors, thus establishing a specific role for Hh pathway activity in medulloblastoma growth.     

Insulin secretion from toadfish islet tissue stimulated by pyridine nucleotides

The addition of glucose stimulated release of insulin from the isolated islet tissue of the toadfish incubated in vitro. Reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide also stimulated insulin release, whereas the oxidized form had no effect. Both oxidized and reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleatide phosphate stimulated insulin release, but the reduced form was significantly more effective.     

箭胡毛杨组培繁殖技术的研究

采用箭胡毛杨幼叶作为外植体进行组织培养,以MS为基本培养基获得了再生植株。从IAA与6-BA间进行的9个正交试验中,选择出适宜脱分化培养基MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+IAA 0.1 mg/L,对箭胡毛杨愈伤组织诱导率为90 %;种生长素与6-BA 配比的再分化培养基中,1/2 MS +IAA 0.1 mg/L+6-BA 0.1 mg/L对不定芽的分化诱导率可达到67.1 %;MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.01 mg/L的培养基可使单芽直接增殖出5.6个芽。在MS+IAA 0.8 mg/L的生根培养基上,试管苗的生根率可达82.6 %。