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Assessing the spatial distribution of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) eggs in open‐field tomato cultivation through geostatistical analysis
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KA Boering SC Wofsy BC Daube HR Schneider M Loewenstein JR Podolske TJ Conway 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,274(5291):1340-1343
Measurements of stratospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations were analyzed to investigate stratospheric transport rates. Temporal variations in tropospheric CO2 were observed to propagate into the stratosphere, showing that tropospheric air enters the lower tropical stratosphere continuously, ascends, and is transported rapidly (in less than 1 month) to both hemispheres. The mean age A of stratospheric air determined from CO2 data is approximately 5 years in the mid-stratosphere. The mean age is mathematically equivalent to a conserved tracer analogous to exhaust from stratospheric aircraft. Comparison of values for A from models and observations indicates that current model simulations likely underestimate pollutant concentrations from proposed stratospheric aircraft by 25 to 100 percent. 相似文献
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Toby J. Reynolds Ph.D. Student Ruth King John Harwood Morten Frederiksen Michael P. Harris Sarah Wanless 《Journal of Agricultural, Biological & Environmental Statistics》2009,14(4):411-431
Integrated data analyses are becoming increasingly common in studies of wild animal populations where two or more separate
sources of data contain information about common parameters. These types of analyses provide robust parameter estimates which
fully reflect all available information, as well as estimates of parameters that would be unidentifiable in a separate analysis.
In this article we present an integrated Bayesian analysis of four long-term datasets (counts, two mark-recapture-recovery
time series, and productivity) relating to a colony of common guillemots (Uria aalge) on the Isle of May, southeast Scotland. A complication when considering the dynamics of populations of this kind is the
unobservable emigration of immature animals. In the analysis of mark-recapture-recovery data, the rate of emigration is frequently
confounded with that of mark loss and it is only possible to estimate the product of these parameters. By combining all available
data for the Isle of May guillemots in an integrated population model, we are able to estimate these parameters separately
and thus obtain improved estimates of prerecruitment emigration. 相似文献
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Reed TE Daunt F Hall ME Phillips RA Wanless S Cunningham EJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5896):1681-1682
Parasitism can be a major constraint on host condition and an important selective force. Theoretical and empirical evidence shows that maternal condition affects relative investment in sons and daughters; however, the effect of parasitism on sex ratio in vertebrates is seldom considered. We demonstrate experimentally that parasitism constrains the ability of mothers to rear sons in a long-lived seabird, the European shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis. The effect contributes to the decline in offspring survival as the breeding season progresses and hence has important population-level consequences for this, and potentially other, seasonal breeders. 相似文献