野马追克喘散治疗猪呼吸道疾病效果试验

目的：应用野马追克喘散新兽药对呼吸道综合征进行临床疗效试验,为推广野马追克喘散提供科学依据。方法：将自然感染、症状典型、猪呼吸道综合征的140头病猪（杜长大三元杂交）,平均体重20～25kg,随机分为7个组,每组20头,其中第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组用野马追克喘散治疗,分别以高、中、低剂量给药;第Ⅳ、Ⅴ组分别用麻杏石甘散、金花平喘散以常规剂量给药;Ⅵ、Ⅶ组以硫酸卡那霉素注射液（0.2mL/kg体重）和泰乐菌素（0.4mL/kg体重）以常规剂量给药。结果：野马追克喘散的治疗效果较麻杏石甘散和金花平喘散治疗效果好,治愈率也达93.3%。结论：野马追克喘散治疗猪气喘咳嗽疗效较高,收效较快,维持时间较长,是较理想的药物。     

我国执业兽医资格考试现状

我国执业兽医准入制度已经建立,但执业兽医体系建设才刚刚开始。通过对全国执业兽医资格考试情况的分析,建议从三个方面加快建设：一是通过立法保障执业兽医社会职责的发挥及应有社会地位的获得;二是提高我国执业兽医的本科教育及继续教育水平,建立教育机构评估机制;三是完善执业兽医配套岗位和工作制度,通过行业协会更好地规范执业行为,加快与国际接轨的步伐。     

High prevalence and widespread distribution of multi-resistant Escherichia coli isolates in pigs and poultry in China

Escherichia coli play an important ecological role within resistant bacteria populations, and can be used as a bio-indicator of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of the present study was to use this feature of E. coli to investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and the degree of cross-species transmission of bacteria in pigs and poultry in China. A total of 592 E. coli strains, isolated from pigs and poultry (healthy and diseased animals), were tested for resistance to 22 antimicrobials representing eight antimicrobial drug types.E. coli isolates had high rates of resistance to ampicillin (99.5%), doxycycline (95.6%), tetracycline (93.4%), trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (74.3%), amoxicillin (65.1%), streptomycin (54.7%), and chloramphenicol (50.2%). Resistance to cephalosporins, quinolones, and aminoglycosides was also quite prevalent. The majority (81%) of isolates demonstrated multi-antimicrobial resistance, most commonly to 5–6 different antimicrobial types. One isolate was resistant to all 22 antimicrobials. Twenty-two cultures exhibiting multi-antimicrobial resistance were analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to assess their distribution between farms. Three distinct PFGE types were identified, indicating inter-farm transmission of multi-antimicrobial resistant bacteria. The study confirmed the presence and transmission of multi-antimicrobial-resistant E. coli strains amongst pigs and poultry in China and highlights the urgent need for appropriate monitoring programmes.     

乳源性生长因子和初生动物胃肠道生长发育的关系

对３ 种主要乳源性生长因子： 表皮生长因子, 胰岛素样生长因子和胰岛素的结构、性质、主要功能、可能的作用机制及目前的研究进展进行了综述。３ 种生长因子都可以在初生动物胃肠道中相对稳定地存活, 对动物胃肠道生长发育、消化道粘膜细胞的增殖和分化及消化酶的产生均有不同程度的促进作用。     

龙头企业与农户利益联结机制的比较研究——根据对四川省畜禽产业链的调查

根据对四川省畜禽龙头企业、合作社及养殖户的实地调研,发现不同的产品特点和产业发展阶段形成不同利益联结机制,这些机制具有不同的约束和激励效果,企业和农户的风险分担和利益分配关系也不同,并决定企业对原料产品质量安全水平的不同控制力。     

Yak interferon-alpha loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for controlled release

To explore the potential of a novel animal interferon formulation for controlled release, the yak interferon-alpha (IFN-α) glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein was expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and the purified recombinant IFN-α was encapsulated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) by double emulsion solvent evaporation (w/o/w) method. The particle size and zeta potential of IFN-α-loaded SLN were 124.2 ± 10.2 nm and −11.2 ± 0.6 mV. The encapsulation efficiency of IFN-α and loading capacity of the SLN were 83.7 ± 4.5% and 1.73 ± 0.15%, respectively. In vitro release study and antiviral assay demonstrated that the IFN-α released from the SLN in a 16-day period exhibited antiviral activity in Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and showed a release pattern of an initial burst release followed by a sustained and slow release. Cytotoxicity assay in cell culture demonstrated that the SLN were not toxic. The results of this exploratory study suggest that the IFN-α-loaded SLN could be a useful formulation for controlled release in veterinary therapeutics.     

春季实行多批次滚动养蚕的情况总结

随着全球气侯的变暖,桑树生产期延长,产叶量增加;加之农村大量劳动力外出,在家养蚕的劳动力越来越少,养蚕劳动强度又大,存在着有桑不养蚕的现象.     

电解多维对缓解断奶仔猪转群应激的探讨

目前，规模化养猪场一般采取２８－３５日龄的仔猪早期断奶，在很大程度上提高了母猪的生产力及饲料的利用率，提高了猪场的经济，但随着仔猪断奶日龄的提高，也出现了许多生产上的问题，其中较为普遍而且影响较为严重的就是仔猪断奶后的转群应激。 在生产实践中，我们已克服了仔猪断奶应激，通过半年多的反复对比试验发现，在断奶仔猪转群后的３ｄ－５ｄ天内，饲料中添加一定量的电解多维，对缓解断奶仔猪因转群造成的食欲不振、消化不良、腹泻、膘情下降、抗病力减弱等不良反应均能起到满意的效果。１材料与方法１．１电解多维山东省明发…     

北京市猪肉市场供需及流通概况

本文分析了北京市食品消费结构、猪肉消费能力、生猪生产、猪肉供需缺口和流通,以及生猪屠宰布局规划等概况。其中对北京市猪肉消费、生产、流通等问题进行了详细分析。笔者认为随着经济的快速发展以及居民收入、消费水平地提高,北京市猪肉需求仍有较大增长空间,但由于北京城市发展规划及环保等方面原因,北京市猪肉生产仍将保持下滑,生猪生产将向周边转移,带动河北、辽宁等省生猪养殖业的发展。从而实现北京销区与周边产区产销流通,互利共赢,和谐发展。     

褪黑素和光照对鹌鹑白细胞介素-2的影响

采用褪黑素(MLT)完全抗原主动免疫鹌鹑，在不同光照条件下饲养，研究了MLT参与神经-内分泌-免疫网络调控时对IL-2水平的影响。结果表明：主动免疫后，MLT和IL-2水平明显下降；随着光照时间的延长，IL-2水平也显著下降。一定剂量的MLT可促进机体免疫因子IL-2的分泌。