基于SCT89C52单片机的无线超声波雾化系统的设计

基于STC89C52单片机,设计了一种以压电陶瓷片为载体的无线超声波雾化系统.由传感器采集温度和湿度等参数,利用无线收发器NRF24L01发送至PC机,PC机利用反馈信息控制压电陶瓷片工作.压电陶瓷片将电能转化为超声波能量,而超声波能量能在常温下将水溶性药物雾化成1 ～3 μm的微小雾粒,同时利用超声定向压强将水溶性液体喷成雾状,达到雾化效果.实际运行情况表明,系统的共振频率为1.7 MHz,系统具有温度和湿度实时显示以及设定功能和无线智能控制雾化量及成本低等优点.     

魁蚶中间育成试验研究

当年常温育苗的稚贝生长期主要在8～11月,12月～翌年2月为越冬期。采用 W—a·L~b 这一幂函数描述稚贝壳长与体重的相关关系(W 代表体重、L 代表壳长)。风浪小、饵料丰富的内湾及虾池是稚贝适宜的中间育成水域。早育苗、早出库增加稚贝有效生长时间是获得大规格种苗的关键。稚贝壳长达5.0～6.0mm 时应及时分苗,调整网目及密度,保持网袋流水畅通。沙蚕、海星、蟹类是稚贝的敌害,夏季高温容易造成1龄贝大量死亡。     

稻田养殖刀额新对虾技术简介

刀额新对虾俗称“基围虾”，其壳薄体肥、肉质鲜美爽口，胜似中国对虾，国内外市场十分畅销。它属广温、广盐性虾类。耐温范围为１０℃－３５℃，秋季水温降至６℃－７℃也能生存，最佳生长温度１７℃－３２℃，适应盐度范围０‰－３５‰；对低氧忍耐强于对虾，能在ＰＨ７．０－９．０水中正常生活。其食性为杂食偏动物食性。在幼虾阶段食性与对虾一样，成虾时期捕食以桡足类、多毛类为主，也摄食人工合成饵料和其它有机碎屑及底栖生物等。习惯潜伏在底层淤泥和水草处。根据辽宁省营口市北方水产开发总公司２０００年稻田养殖刀额新对虾试验…     

Partial fishmeal replacement by mussel meal or meat and bone meal in low‐fishmeal diets for juvenile Ussuri catfish (Pseudobagrus ussuriensis): Growth,digestibility, antioxidant capacity and IGF‐I gene expression

This study evaluated the effects of replacing fishmeal with mussel meal or meat and bone meal in low‐FM diet on growth performance, body composition, digestibility, antioxidant capacity and IGF‐I gene expression in juvenile Ussuri catfish (Pseudobagrus ussuriensis). The results showed that no significant changes in SGR, FE and PER were observed between MM₄₀ and LFM groups, but significantly reduced result was found in MBM₄₀ group. MM₄₀ group showed the higher ADC of lipid (93.30%) and lipase activity (95.00 U/gprot) than LFM group (90.97%; 70.18 U/gprot). MM₄₀ or MBM₄₀ diets led to significant reduction of SOD and CAT activities. MM₄₀ group showed significantly higher MDA level (5.84 nmol/mg) than LFM group (4.73 nmol/mg). The activities of LZM decreased significantly in MM₄₀ and MBM₄₀ groups compared with LFM group. MM₄₀ and MBM₄₀ groups showed no significant difference in hepatic IGF‐I gene expression levels compared with LFM group. The findings demonstrated that MM could substitute 400 g/kg of FM in low‐FM diet for Ussuri catfish without influencing the growth, but to some extent, spontaneous oxidative stress and immune damage could occur; when 400 g/kg of FM was replaced by MBM, significantly negative effects were observed on growth, antioxidant capacity and non‐specific immune response of Ussuri catfish.     

Beneficial effects of dietary exogenous protease on the growth,intestinal health and immunity of GIFT (Oreochromis niloticus) fed plant‐based diets

This study investigated the effects of dietary exogenous protease on the growth performance, intestinal health, immune parameters and disease resistance of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). Five test diets with commercial protease at the levels of 0, 1.38, 2.76, 5.52 and 11.04 U/g (named PE0, PE1, PE2, PE5 and PE11, respectively) were administered to triplicate tanks with 30 fish for 60 days, and then, the fish were challenged with Streptococcus agalactiae for 14 days. The results indicated that weight gain increased as exogenous protease increased from 0 to 5.52 U protease/g diet and then decreased significantly (p < .05) with a further increase in exogenous protease supplementation (p < .05). The height of the villi in the proximal intestine and distal intestine, the width of the villi in three segments of the intestine, and the thickness of the muscle layer in the proximal intestine and mid‐intestine (p < .05) were increased in the fish fed the PE5 diet. Immune and antioxidant indices (except malondialdehyde), and survival after challenged with S. agalactiae were higher in fish fed PE5 diets than in those fed other diets (p < .05). In conclusion, 5.52 U/g protease supplementation in a plant‐based diet could promote the growth performance, intestinal physical barrier function, innate immunity and S. agalactiae resistance of GIFT.     

Isolation and Characterization of Pepsin-Soluble Collagen from the Skin of Peru Squid (Dosidicus gigas)

Pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) was isolated from Peru squid (Dosidicus gigas) skin and physicochemical properties of the PSC were determined. The PSC exhibited a maximum absorbance at 220 nm. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis suggested the collagen containing α1 and α2 chain was classified as type I collagen. Amino acid composition indicated that the collagen had lower amino acid content than that of mammalian collagen. Denaturation temperature (T_d) of the PSC was 26.8°C. The PSC had relatively high solubility in alkaline condition or NaCl concentrations below 2%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigations showed the existence of helical arrangements of collagen. The lyophilized collagen had a uniform and regular network structure. These results suggested that Peru squid skin was a potential source of collagen for further research and application.     

PEG/Activated Carbon Phase Change Materials of Modified Asphalt

Phase change material modified asphalt is prepared by using PEG/activated carbon composite solid-solid phase change materials for asphalt modification. Phase change materials modified asphalt with different ratios are aged and treaded alterably at high or low temperature, and then its appearance is observed. The properties of the modified asphalt, such as ductility, softening point, etc., are tested by using electronic tensile testing machine and thermal mechanical analyzer. Experiments show that when the content of PEG/activated carbon phase change material is 20%, the ductility of modified asphalt is the best; when the content of phase change material is 15% to 20%, the softening point of modified asphalt is obviously improved.     

Effects of dietary sodium butyrate on growth,diet conversion,body chemical compositions and distal intestinal health in yellow drum (Nibea albiflora,Richardson)

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of sodium butyrate (SB) on the physical barrier function, pro‐inflammatory response and possible underlying mechanisms in the distal intestine (DI) of yellow drum when fed a high‐SBM diet. Three iso‐proteic and iso‐lipidic diets were formulated with fish meal (FM, the control), 45% fish meal protein replaced by SBM (SBM) and 45% fish meal protein replaced by SBM but supplemented with 0.15% SB (SBM + SB). Fish were fed twice daily for 10 weeks. Results indicated that SB supplementation significantly increased the specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency ratio (FER) and methionine content of muscle when compared with those of fish fed the SBM diet (p < .05). The morphologic histology results showed that SB dramatically improved the physical barrier structure, characterized as increases of fold height (FH) and muscular thickness (MT) (p < .05). RT‐qPCR data were accordant with morphologic histology results, in which claudin 3, claudin 4 and occludin were increased while claudin 7 and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) mRNA expression levels were decreased (p < .05). Sodium butyrate also exerted anti‐inflammatory function, which may be attributed to the suppression of nucleus p65 protein expression. Results suggest SB can be incorporated in high‐SBM diets to ameliorate the negative consequences of alternative dietary ingredients on yellow drum physiology.