田面微地形对滴灌灌水均匀性的影响

首先分析了田面微地形对滴头实际工作压力的影响,田面越不平整,滴头实际工作压力与设计工作压力的差值越大,当田面局部高差大于滴头设计工作压力时,滴头流量等于零;然后提出了田面微地形产生的流量偏差率公式,并用泰勒级数展开;最后利用描述统计方法和独立样本T-检验的方法对余项进行分析,置信度为99%的余项取值区间为0.001￣0.002,说明余项能够被忽略,田面微地形产生的流量偏差率公式可以用简单的形式来表示。     

综合加固法处理沿海滩涂软基施工

采用水泥粉喷柱、砂砾垫层与覆膜土工布三者结合的综合加固法处理滨海相淤泥沉积,水泥粉喷桩的施工及成桩检测;土工布的施工;软基处理应注意的问题。     

大花蕙兰幼苗叶片诱导类原球茎

以大花蕙兰无菌幼苗叶片为外植体,成功诱导类原球茎(PLB).叶片部位是影响诱导的关键,只有叶片基部片段能成功诱导出PLB.不同激素配比以及外植体来源对PLB诱导有重要的影响.低浓度的2,4-D和较高浓度的6-BA对于拟球茎诱导PLB具有显著的促进作用.当2,4-D浓度高于0.6 mg/L时,PLB诱导受到显著抑制.较高的2,4-D水平可能有利于PLB诱导初始阶段,但不利于PLB诱导中后期的进一步发育.不同基因型有不同的最佳激素组合.添加0.2 mg/L的NAA对大花蕙兰PLB诱导没有显著影响,但在有的基因型中对PLB诱导有促进作用.以叶片基部片段诱导大花蕙兰PLB是可行的,为转基因研究提供了再生技术基础.     

Relationship between stable carbon isotope discrimination and water use efficiency under regulated deficit irrigation of pear-jujube tree

To investigate the relationship between stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) of different organs and water use efficiency (WUE) under different water deficit levels, severe, moderate and low water deficit levels were treated at bud burst to leafing, flowering to fruit set, fruit growth and fruit maturation stages of field grown pear-jujube tree, and leaf stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ_L) at different growth stages and fruit stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ_F) at fruit maturation stage were measured. The results indicated that water deficit had significant effect on Δ_L at different growth stages and Δ_F at fruit maturation stage. As compared with full irrigation, the average Δ_L at different growth stages and Δ_F at fruit maturation stage were decreased by 1.23% and 2.67% for different water deficit levels, respectively. Δ_L and Δ_F among different water deficit treatments had significant difference at the same growth stage (P < 0.05). Under different water deficit conditions, significant relationships between the Δ_L and WUE_i (photosynthesis rate/transpiration rate, P_n/T_r), WUE_n (photosynthesis rate/stomatal conductance of CO_2, P_n/g_s), WUE_y (yield/crop water consumption, Y/ET_c) and yield, or between the Δ_F and WUE_y and yield were found, respectively. There were significantly negative correlations of Δ_L with WUE_i, WUE_n, WUE_y and yield (P < 0.01) at the fruit maturation stage, or Δ_L with WUE_i and WUE_n (P < 0.01) over whole growth stage, respectively. Δ_F was negatively correlated with WUE_y, WUE_n and yield (P < 0.05), but positively correlated with ET_c (P < 0.01) over the whole growth stage. Thus Δ_L or Δ_F can compare WUE_n and WUE_y, so the stable carbon isotope discrimination method can be applied to evaluate the water use efficiency of pear-jujube tree under the regulated deficit irrigation.     

Ballistic 2-d imaging through scattering walls using an ultrafast optical kerr gate

An ultrafast optical shutter was used to image ultrasmall objects hidden behind scattering walls by a procedure that selects in time the ballistic component and rejects the scattered diffusive light. Scattering walls used in this experiment included human breast tissue, chicken breast tissue, and a water suspension of polystyrene particles with scattering coefficients up to 21.7. Submillimeter resolution was achieved for two-dimensional ballistic images of a single point, a double-point fluorescence source, and a bar test chart in or behind these different turbid media.     

土木工程类研究生创新能力培养研究

根据工科类研究生培养工作的具体体会,在研究生科研创新意识、创新环境培育建设、创新过程引导方法、创新的传承和创新的目标管理等几个方面进行了探讨,并细致的阐述相关的方法,对推动研究生科研创新能力的提高有一定的借鉴价值。     

中国主要纸产品国际竞争力综合评价

文中在分析中国主要纸产品出口贸易现状的基础上,选取国际市场占有率、贸易竞争力指数和显示性比较优势指数测算中国主要纸产品2010-2019年的国际竞争力指数,并采用基于主成分分析的定权方法对纸产品国际市场竞争力进行综合评价。结果表明:主要纸产品国际竞争力较强的芬兰、瑞典和德国位居综合评价前3位,中国主要纸产品综合竞争力经过近10年发展已处于中等偏上水平,仍有改进和提升空间。基于上述研究成果,提出推进人工林速生材高效利用、促进科技创新能力提升和探索"出口转内销"等政策建议。     

2005-2020年转Bt基因棉花抗虫性变化及其与产量性状的相关性分析

为了给转Bt基因棉花在科研和生产上多世代可持续利用提供依据,以转Bt基因棉花品种银山8号为试验材料,从2005年开始,连续16年进行跟踪研究。结果表明,随种植世代的增加,生物测定银山8号第2～4代棉铃虫幼虫校正死亡率、铃期叶片和铃期小铃杀虫蛋白表达量均有不同程度的线性上升趋势,同时皮棉产量线性回归也呈增长趋势;苗期叶片、蕾期叶片和蕾期小蕾杀虫蛋白表达量呈线性下降趋势。相关性分析表明,抗虫棉的抗虫性与皮棉产量间均呈正相关,株铃数和衣分是构成皮棉产量的重要因子,与皮棉产量的相关性分别达到极显著和显著水平。外源Bt基因转入棉花后能稳定遗传给后代,通过卡那霉素鉴定和系统选择可以持续保持转Bt基因棉花多世代的抗虫性,甚至通过提纯复壮逐年优选,可实现转Bt基因抗虫棉特定生育时期或部分棉花器官抗虫性的提高。     

钩藤碱提取工艺研究

对钩藤碱提取工艺进行研究,确定用碱化苯提法提取钩藤碱,经处理后可得到高纯度钩藤碱．该工艺简单可行,适于大规模生产．     

不同制粒温度对植酸酶活性的影响及畜禽饲养对比试验研究

试验将含有制粒专用植酸酶制剂的日粮样本在4种温度条件下进行制粒．制粒后的饲料应用植酸酶国标法进行酶活测定,结果表明：制粒专用植酸酶在调制温度70℃左右、蒸汽压力不高的情况下酶活基本未丧失,性能比较理想：当制粒温度达到80℃以上时,酶活明显降低,但总体保持在500U／kg以上．制粒用植酸酶仍具有较好的耐热性能。经过动物饲养试验表明．肉鸡和育肥猪饲养对照组和处理组之间的平均日增重和料肉比差异都不显著（p〉0．01）,这说明在添加制粒专用植酸酶后．对磷酸氢钙的量进行调整并不会影响肉鸡和育肥猪的生长性能．且同样能达到普通植酸酶在粉状饲料中的应用效果。