泽泻和慈姑叶片对低温胁迫的响应

以泽泻和慈姑叶片为试验材料,研究其在0、-10、-15、-20℃低温胁迫下叶片中可溶性糖(WSC)、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及相对电导率等5个生理生化指标的变化。结果表明,在0℃时2个植物的POD和CAT活性显著增加,之后随温度的降低而下降,在-20℃无活性。随着温度的降低,叶片相对电导率、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量均有所增加,但增加幅度不同,综合5项指标分析得出,慈姑的抗寒性强于泽泻。     

景电灌区农田防护林衰败及优化模式

景电灌区农田防护林网是景电灌区防护林体系的重要组成部分,通过调查景电灌区农田防护林衰败现状,分析退化原因,提出优化改造模式,为景电灌区农田防护林更新改造从而发挥可持续效益提供技术支撑。结果表明,1)以杨树为主要树种的景电灌区农田防护林网目前呈严重衰败状态,尤其在个人管护的区域,残缺断代现象严重,部分地方甚至基本消失;2)病虫危害,耗水、胁地严重而被砍伐,耕地次生盐渍化导致树木生长不良、枯死,树种单一、结构不合理,管理不到位等是造成农田防护林衰败的主要原因;3)三倍体毛白杨(Populus tomentosa)、廊坊(P.langfanggensis)、樟子松(Pinus sylvestris)、刺槐(Robinia pseucdoacacia)、白蜡(Fraxinus chinensis)、鸣山大枣(Jujube minshan)等树种为该地区农田防护林建设的适宜树种,可采用农田防护林杨树优势树种轮换、针叶常绿树种优化改造、生态经济型防护林网营造等模式对景电灌区农田防护林网进行更新改造。农田防护林网的改造,将对完善防护林体系,保障景泰绿洲的安全产生重要意义。     

添加番茄渣单贮和混贮对奶牛生产性能和经济效益的影响研究

研究番茄渣单贮或混贮替代部分全株玉米青贮对奶牛生产性能和经济效益的影响,为今后在奶牛科学养殖中开发和利用非常规饲料资源提供理论依据和技术支持。试验选择体重、泌乳期、胎次和产奶量相近且健康无疾病的30头泌乳前中期荷斯坦奶牛于内蒙古巴彦淖尔市临河区双河镇嘉益奶牛养殖合作社进行为期50 d的饲养试验。结果表明,番茄渣经过单贮或混贮(分别与梨渣、玉米秸秆、小麦秸秆混贮)后用于奶牛日粮中替代部分全株玉米青贮,可有效的降低玉米青贮的使用,降低生产成本,显著提高乳蛋白率(P<0.05)、乳脂率(P<0.05)和奶牛产奶量(P<0.05),提高养殖效益。番茄渣单贮或混贮可提高奶牛生产性能和经济效益,并可作为一种非常规饲料资源在奶牛业中进行推广应用。     

Clinical presentation,treatment and possible causes of persistent endometrial cups illustrated by two cases

Persistent endometrial cups are relatively rare in the mare and the occurrence in 2 successive pregnancies, as described in this issue, is an intriguing finding. This article describes an additional 2 cases of endometrial cups persisting in excess of 12 months in mares that had experienced pregnancy loss. Both mares demonstrated irregular ovarian activity in the form of repeated formation of haemorrhagic anovulatory follicles. A definitive diagnosis was made by visualisation of cup tissue by hysteroscopy and demonstration of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) in the mares' serum. Biopsy of endometrial cups was made under visual direction and the mares were treated by chemical curettage with kerosene. The clinical presentation, treatment and possible causes of persistent endometrial cups are reviewed and discussed.     

对官方兽医职位设定问题的探讨

在前期官方兽医管理制度研究的基础上,重点分析了官方兽医在政策制定、设置范围、所属机构、职能职责等方面存在的问题,提出了适应我国国情和兽医事业发展的官方兽医管理建议。     

黑河上游冰沟流域3种林地土壤有机碳分布特征与土壤特性的关系

研究了青海省祁连县黑河上游冰沟流域3种林地的土壤有机碳分布特征与土壤特性的关系,以期为黑河上游冰沟流域水源涵养研究提供科学依据。结果表明,3种林地0-60mm土层有机碳密度表现为针叶林森林灌丛阔叶林,针叶林有机碳密度为7.18kg·m-2,是森林灌丛、阔叶林的1.24和1.58倍,针叶林、森林灌丛、阔叶林0-10mm土层有机碳密度分别为13.22、9.49和8.62kg·m-2,是剖面有机碳密度均值的1.84、1.63和1.89倍。3种林地0-60mm土层自然含水量、团聚体、全氮均值表现为针叶林森林灌丛阔叶林,而容重、物理性沙粒、pH均值表现为针叶林森林灌丛阔叶林。3种林地土壤有机碳含量与自然含水量、团聚体、全氮之间呈显著的正相关关系(P0.05),与容重、物理性沙粒、pH之间呈显著的负相关关系。     

舍饲羊常见饲料中毒性疾病的防治

舍饲羊常见饲料中毒疾病多是因为饲喂饲料不当,或者是饲料发霉变质引发的。中毒后的病羊主要症状表现为结膜蓝紫、呼吸困难、心跳加快、出汗、初期兴奋不安、痉挛、抽搐,后期随着病情的加重,则会出现呆立、运动失调昏迷等症状。随着病情的逐渐加重,病羊可能会死亡。大部分羊在中毒之后,口吐白沫、腹痛、胀肚、便秘。文章结合具体情况,对舍饲羊常见饲料中毒性疾病的防治方法进行了分析。     

Effects of dietary ramie level on growth performance,serum biochemical indices,and meat quality of Boer goats

This study was conducted to evaluate the use of ramie as forage on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, and meat quality of Boer goats. For this, 60 Boer lambs were divided into four groups fed the TMR with 0%, 10%, 20%, and 40% (control, and groups I, II, III, respectively) ramie. The experiment lasted for 90 days with a pretest for 15 days. Venous blood and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were collected after 24 h fasted at the end of the experiment. The results showed that ramie seems no significant changes in average daily gain (ADG) and other parameters for growth performance, only 40% ramie in TMR significantly reduced average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P < 0.05). Compared to the control, group II (20%) showed significant increases in total protein (TP) and globulin (GLB) levels, and decreases in albumin/globulin level (P < 0.05) in serum. Meanwhile, serum total cholesterol (TC) (P < 0.05) and free thyroxine (FT4) level were significantly reduced with up to 20% or more ramie in TMR. Moreover, the total amino acid and flavor amino acid levels in LD muscle were not affected by ramie. However, significant increases (P < 0.05) were observed in linoleic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid, and polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid levels in group II. Overall, these results indicated that up to 20% ramie in TMR have no impairment in growth performance, health and meat quality, whereas high level ramie might have a negative effect on feed intake.

     

绵羊DUSP6基因多态性及其与产羔数关联分析

文章旨在探究绵羊DUSP6基因g.125589716G>A、g.125587728C>T、g.125589714C>T、g.125589006G>A四个位点多态性及其与产羔数之间的关系,以期找到与绵羊高繁殖力相关的分子标记。利用全基因组重测序结合Sequenom MassARRAY誖SNP技术对多羔绵羊品种(小尾寒羊、湖羊、策勒黑羊)和单羔绵羊品种(滩羊、苏尼特羊、萨福克羊、草原型藏羊)DUSP6基因上述4个多态位点进行检测,并与小尾寒羊产羔数进行关联分析。结果表明:绵羊g.125589716G>A位点在多羔绵羊品种中存在AA、GA、GG三种基因型,在单羔绵羊品种中存在GA、GG两种基因型;g.125587728C>T、g.125589714C>T位点在单、多羔绵羊品种中均存在CC、CT、TT三种基因型;g.125589006G>A位点在单、多羔绵羊群体中均只存在GA、GG两种基因型。绵羊DUSP6基因g.125589716G>A位点基因型频率在单、多羔绵羊品种之间差异显著(P<0.05),等位基因频率在单、多羔绵羊品种间差异极显著(P<0.01);g.125587728C>T、g.125589714C>T位点基因型频率和等位基因频率在单、多羔绵羊品种间差异均达极显著水平(P<0.01);g.125589006G>A位点基因型频率和等位基因频率在单、多羔绵羊品种间差异不显著(P>0.05)。关联分析表明,DUSP6基因各SNPs多态性与小尾寒羊不同胎次产羔数之间无显著关联(P>0.05)。综上说明,绵羊DUSP6基因g.125589716G>A、g.125587728C>T、g.125589714C>T以及g.125589006G>A等4个位点的多态性与小尾寒羊各胎次产羔数之间均无显著关联(P>0.05),不适用于小尾寒羊多羔性状选育。     

坦布苏病毒不依赖虫媒在鸭间传播的分子基础

正坦布苏病毒(Tembusu virus, TMUV)属于黄病毒科黄病毒属,多数黄病毒属病毒如乙脑病毒、寨卡病毒、登革病毒等均属于虫媒病毒,普遍认为这些病毒的传播离不开虫媒。1955年,首次从库蚊中分离到TMUV,之后不时地从蚊子中分离到该病毒。2000年,马来西亚爆发了一起由TMUV引起的肉鸡传染病,表现为脑炎和生长迟缓,幸运的是该疫病没有进一步扩散。2010年,我国爆发了鸭坦布苏