Effects of Compound Plant Nutrients on Rumen Fermentation Parameters,Rumen Microbiota and Fatty Acid Composition of Longissimus dorsi Muscle in Finishing Small Tail Han Sheep北大核心CSCD

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of compound p1ant nutrients (CPN) on rumen fermentation parameters, rumen microbiota and fatty acid composition of longissimus dorsi musc1e in finishing sma11 tai1 Han sheep. Sixteen 4-month-o1d finishing sma11 tai1 Han sheep with an initia1 body weight (BW) of (24.18±0.31) kg were random1y divided into two groups, name1y, with 8 rep1icates per group and 1 sheep per rep1icate. The sheep in the contro1 group were fed a basa1 diet, whereas the sheep of the contro1 group (CPN group) was fed the basa1 diet supp1ementation with 3‰ CPN. The experiment 1asted for 97 days after 7 days adaption. The resu1ts showed as fo11ows: compared with the contro1 group, 1) adding CPN decreased the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) (P<0.05); 2) CPN supp1ementation affected beta diversity of rumen microbiota; 3) the re1ative abundance of Acidobacteriota, Erysipe1otrichaceae_UCG-002, Lactobacillus, and Megasphaera were enhanced by adding CPN (P<0.05), whereas, the re1ative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Prevotella was 1ower (P<0.05); 4) the supp1ementation of CPN had no significant effect on fatty acid composition of longissimus dorsi musc1e of fattening sma11-tai1ed Han sheep (P>0.05); 5) the contents of tota1 MUFA, C18:1n9c, C14:1, C16:1, C18:2n6c, C18:3n3 and n-3PUFA in the longissimus dorsi musc1e were corre1ated with the re1ative abundance of Megasphaera, Erysipe1otrichaceae_UCG-002, Succiniclasticum and Ruminococcus (P<0.05). In conc1usion, CPN can regu1ate the rumen microbiota structure and reduce the rumen NH3-N concentration of fattening sma11-tai1ed Han sheep. In production practice, CPN can be used as a rumen eco1ogica1 regu1ator. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.     

新饲料添加剂N，O-羧甲基壳聚糖的急性毒性研究

【目的】研究N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖对鸡的急性毒性,评价该药的安全性;【方法】以最大浓度的N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖(10.5%),按20ml/(kg·bw)(2.1g/(kg·bw)/次)剂量24h内给鸡灌服;【结果】给药后连续观察7天,各组试验鸡全部存活,临床、剖检均未见到异常变化,测不出LD50,根据新药审批办法中关于急性毒性的要求,进行最大耐受量的测定。鸡灌服给予N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖的最大耐受量为10.5g/(kg·bw),相当于临床拟用量的3500倍;【结论】N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖毒副作用很小,临床可以安全应用。     

拟南芥种皮色素形成机制的研究进展

类黄酮为拟南芥种皮的主要成色物质,其生物合成过程受到一系列基因的影响.这些基因中,一部分为结构基因(TT4、TT5、TT6、TT7、FLS1TT3,LDOX和BAN)编码一些酶类参与到类黄酮的生物合成;一部分作为调控基因(TT1,TT2,TT8,TTG1,TTG2和TT16)编码一些酶对生物合成途径起调控作用;另外一些基因(TT12,TT19)编码与色素转运、积累相关的蛋白质。这些基因中的一种或几种发生变异就能影响到类黄酮的生物合成,从而引起拟南芥种皮色泽的变异。在此,就拟南芥种皮的色泽变异及类黄酮生物合成机理作一介绍。     

A New Method for Parameterized Design of Metallic Doors and Windows

According to the graphics characteristics of metallic doors & windows design and based on the research of graphics dimension restriction problems. This paper provides a new method for parameterized design of metallic doors & windows in virtue of expression solution. In this method, the restrictions of graphic elements have been changed into the parameter expressions of sizes and positions of graphic elements. Through the calculation of such expressions, the parameter driven method has been reached. Thus the parameterization of graphics can be easier and quicker than before. It can be used to setup the open parameterized graphics libraries.     

建立农产品质量安全市场准入机制的原则及措施分析

随着《中华人民共和国农产品质量安全法》的深入实施,中国农产品质量安全准入制度的建立势在必行,而建立良性的准入机制是各项制度有效运转的根本。该文从建立良性的农产品质量安全市场准入运行机制、建设有效的技术支撑体系、加强财政政策扶持等方面入手,提出了建立农产品质量安全市场准入机制的措施和建议。     

A STUDY ON FRACTURE MECHANICS OF BRITTLE MATERIAL WITH PER-CRACKS

In this paper the fracture process of specimen,with single crack, double cracks and triple cracks is observed and analysed. The experimental results show that the fracture process of specimen is different because of the differention of the number, the distance and the type of array of cracks. And the fracture propagation of specimen with triple cracks and double cracks is foundmentally the same.     

Effect of soil matric potential on tomato yield and water use under drip irrigation condition

Field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of soil matric potential (SMP) on tomato yield, evapotranspiration (ET), water use efficiency (WUE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under drip irrigation condition in North China Plain. The experiment included five treatments, which controlled SMP at 0.2 m depth immediately under drip emitter higher than −10 (S1), −20 (S2), −30 (S3), −40 (S4) and −50 kPa (S5), respectively, after tomato plant establishment. The results showed that different SMP affected irrigation amount and tomato ET. Irrigation amount decreased from 185 mm (S1) to 83.6 mm (S5) in 2004, and from 165 mm (S1) to 109 mm (S5) in 2005, respectively. The ET decreased from 270 mm (S1) to 202 mm (S5) in both years. However, it was found that SMP did not affect the tomato yield significantly, for the range of SMP investigated. Both WUE and IWUE increased as SMP decreased. The maximum WUE (253 and 217 kg/ha mm) and IWUE (620 and 406 kg/ha mm) were for S5 in 2 years, whereas the minimum WUE (178 and 155 kg/ha mm) and IWUE 261 and 259 kg/ha mm) were for S1 in 2004 and 2005. Based on the above results, therefore, it is recommended that if the tomatoes are well irrigated (SMP is higher than −20 kPa) during establishment, controlling SMP higher than −50 kPa at 0.2 m depth immediately under drip emitter can be used as an indicator for drip irrigation scheduling during following period of tomato growth in North China Plain.     

A mathematical model for border irrigation II. Vertical and horizontal recession phases

Summary This paper, second in a series of three, develops a mathematical model, using the volume balance approach, to simulate vertical and horizontal recession of border irrigation. An equation is proposed for computing Manning's roughness factor N in both laminar and transitional flow regimes in recession phases. The model has four parameters which can be determined experimentally. Experimental data from ten vegetated as well as nonvegetated borders were used to verify the model. Average difference (AD) between calculated and observed vertical recession times was less than 4.4 min, and between calculated and observed horizontal recession times less than 4.6 min for the ten experimental data sets. Average relative error (ARE) in computed horizontal recession was less than 13% for these data sets. The model was found to be especially accurate for Reynold's number between 1,800 and 2,500.     

基于GIS的黄河下游分布式水资源模拟

分布式水文模型是水文界研究的焦点问题之一。该研究选用黄河下游流域作为典型研究流域，应用ARC／INFO技术和遥感信息、国内最新水资源调查资料和我国自行开发的LL-Ⅱ分布式水文模型对流域的水资源量进行模拟计算。黄河下游流域内主河道由于泥沙的不断淤积属于典型的地上悬河，而且该地区随着经济的不断发展，人类活动对水资源的影响日益显著，尤其是跨流域调水的影响。本研究充分考虑各种人类活动对水资源的影响，对径流过程进行连续模拟，并取得了较好的模拟结果。     

安全监测技术在软基筑坝工程中的应用

在软土地基上修建50m以上的高坝．国内外尚没有先例；云南省务坪水库在软土地基上修建52m高坝的成功经验，为软基筑坝施工提供了科学的依据：安全监测技术的日益成熟和完善，为工程施工、运行提供了可靠的保障。以云南省务坪水库为例，阐述安全监测技术在软基筑坝上的应用和意义。