山西各类沙棘叶总黄酮的含量测定

目的：研究山西不同产地及不同采收期各类沙棘叶中总黄酮的含量,为评价与开发利用沙棘叶资源提供依据。方法：采用紫外分光光度法测定沙棘叶中的总黄酮含量。结果：5月-7月份沙棘叶中总黄酮含量相对较高;沁源和方山产区的沙棘叶中总黄酮含量较高。同时看到,普遍沙棘桔红果叶总黄酮含量高于橙黄果叶;沙棘雌株叶总黄酮含量高于雄株叶。结论：6月份沙棘叶中总黄酮含量最高,沁源和方山地区可能为山西沙棘叶的最佳产区。     

Physiological and related anthocyanin biosynthesis genes responses induced by cadmium stress in a new colored-leaf plant “Quanhong Poplar”

The worsening of Cadmium (Cd) pollution has intensified the urban ecological environment deterioration in the world. Purifying contaminated environment using the tall, colored-leaf woody plants has been proved as an aesthetically pleasing approach. However, the effects of Cd stress on colored-leaf woody plants have been little reported. Present hydroponic experiments were carried out to study the physiological and related anthocyanin biosynthesis genes responses to Cd stress in “Quanhong Poplar” plants. The experiments consisted of four Cd levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 μM). Leaves were sampled at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days after the first treatment for detection of related enzyme activities and genes expression. The results showed that the plants treated with 100 or 150 μM Cd presented obvious toxicity symptom, i.e. the inhibition of growth and the decrease of chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents. However, plants growth was enhanced and the synthesis of chlorophyll, anthocyanin were promoted when the plants were subject to 50 μM Cd stress. Furthermore, the activities of relative enzymes as well as their genes expression were induced, which indicated that low concentration of Cd induced the anthocyanin accumulation in “Quanhong Poplar” plants, which suggested that using “Quanhong Poplar” to purify contaminated environment would be an aesthetically pleasing approach, which would not only remediate contaminated environments but also bring landscape effects.     

热压工艺参数对三聚氰胺饰面刨花板甲醛释放量的影响

以市售刨花板和三聚氰胺浸渍纸为原料,制备三聚氰胺饰面刨花板.采用L9（34）正交试验考察热压温度、热压时间、热压压力3个热压工艺参数对三聚氰胺板甲醛释放量的影响.采用国家标准（GB/T 17657-1999）《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》干燥器法检测甲醛的释放量.试验结果表明,热压温度对甲醛释放量影响最大、热压时间其次、热压压力影响最小,其中热压温度对甲醛释放量有显著影响,热压时间和热压压力的影响并不显著.热压工艺参数提高,会引起热压后的三聚氰胺板前期的甲醛释放量明显升高.确定饰面刨花板甲醛低释放的最优化生产工艺参数为热压温度170℃、热压时间40s、热压压力2.5 MPa.     

基于油耗和空燃比的汽油机充气效率测定方法

从充气效率的定义出发,提出了基于油耗和空燃比测量结果的汽油机充气效率测定方法。利用汽油机稳态工况下油耗量和空燃比计算得到相应的进气量,再根据定义直接计算充气效率。推导了基于油耗和空燃比的充气效率计算公式及误差分析公式。针对配备有ZH600发动机电控系统的ZS157FMI-3型发动机,先后设计了喷油器流量系数标定试验系统以及油耗和空燃比测试系统,通过测定平均油耗和瞬态油耗并结合空燃比测量对该型发动机的充气效率进行了测定。充气效率的测量结果表明,在同一试验条件下,采用两种油耗测试方法测得的充气效率差异很小;充气效率测试的误差分析结果表明,在本试验设备测量精度范围内,所得到的充气效率相对误差很小(基本在0.5%以下),具有很高的测量精度。此外,由于该充气效率测试方法克服了压力波法及流速-压力法的固有缺陷,在理论上的测量精度和对燃料种类的适应性方面,均具有明显的优越性。     

“玉米带”改种多年生草类后对农田排水的水文效应模拟

该文针对美国密西西比河上游明尼苏达州农田排水氮素流失严重,近年来又大力发展生物燃料产业的现状,采用田间水文模型——DRAINMOD模拟分析了玉米-大豆轮作区改种多年生草类后对农田排水的水文效应。结果表明改种多年生草后,植物耗水量的增加使得农田排水量明显减少;较深的草根系,尤其是在干旱年份消耗了大量的深层土壤水,降低了地下水位。种草后的生物排水量远远大于其他工程措施（如增加排水间距或潜埋排水管等）,可显著减少农田排水氮素流失对水环境的影响。     

尾叶桉茎段再生系统的建立

本文以尾叶桉(Eucalypt urophylla)U6的无菌苗茎段为材料,选用MS培养基为基本培养基,研究不同IAA浓度对尾叶桉茎段愈伤组织诱导,不同IAA、6-BA浓度对尾叶桉茎段愈伤组织诱导芽、生根的影响。结果表明,当外植体的接种数一样,IAA的浓度为20.0mg/L时,愈伤组织诱导率达到最高,为95%,且此浓度下,出芽率、生根率最高,分别达43.3%和100%,而添加0.5mg/L6-BA则会抑制芽的再生、不能产生根。因此最适合诱导尾叶桉愈伤组织、再生芽和再生根的培养体系是MS+20.0mg/L IAA+30g/L蔗糖+8g/L琼脂。该再生系统的建立将为转基因技术改良桉树性状提供前提条件。     

基于改进的BP神经网络集成的作物精准施肥模型

作物最优施肥量与土壤养分含量、产量之间存在复杂的非线性关系。为更加准确地模拟这种关系,提出一种改进的的BP神经网络集成方法。该方法采用K-均值聚类优选神经网络个体,采用拉格朗日乘子方法计算待集成的神经网络个体的权值。然后,基于农田肥料效应试验数据,以土壤养分含量和施肥量作为神经网络的输入,以产量作为神经网络的输出,建立了作物精准施肥模型。该模型通过求解一个非线性规划问题,能同时获得最大产量和最优施肥量。试验结果表明,在施肥模型的拟合精度方面,改进的神经网络集成方法（其均方根误差为64.54）明显优于单个神经网络方法（其均方根误差为169.74）。而且,作为一种定量模型,基于改进的神经网络集成的施肥模型优于传统施肥模型,能有效地指导精准施肥。     

pib基因启动子3'端缺失体的暗诱导特性分析

采用pib基因启动子3＇端缺失,将最下游的TATAbox、CAATbox和暗诱导元件YTCANTYY一起敲除来研究这两类顺式作用元件在该启动子中的功能和相互关系。结果显示：TATAbox和CAATbox以及3＇端序列缺失都不能使pib启动子丧失其启动活性,依旧保持其根部高效表达的特异性。含2、4和6个黑暗诱导元件YTCANTYY的pib启动子均具有暗诱导启动活性,24h暗处理后的3个构建转基因水稻（Oryza sativa ssp.japonica）根部的GUS活性都显著增加,茎、叶虽有增加但不明显,这表明pib基因启动子的暗诱导启动活性主要由YTCANTYY暗诱导元件所决定的,它不仅能够独立响应暗诱导还能补偿TATA、CAAT所缺失的功能。     

Transplantation of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells for acute thoracolumbar disc disease with no deep pain perception in dogs

Thirty-four dogs with no deep pain perception due to acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease underwent decompression surgery within 1 week of diagnosis. All dogs underwent hemilaminectomy. Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) were transplanted into the injured spinal cord parenchyma for the AD-MSCs transplant dogs. Long-term outcome was evaluated at the end of the follow-up period (> 6 months). AD-MSCs combination treatment showed better recovery outcomes compared to decompression surgery alone. These results indicate that this stem cell therapy is a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome the limitations of treatment for spinal cord injury in clinical medicine.     

多工作表构建培养方案关联体系的探究与实践

使用Excel界面的电子表格，先构建分类别设置的课程表，再通过应用“=”键、粘贴函数和组合键逐条生成分学期安排表及课程结构统计表的各项关联记录。其单元格操作有等价关联也有求和关联，借助块操作可提高关联效率。最终生成的按类别和按学期进行分类的统计表，对每门课程的理论课时、实践课时、学分数和专业实践教学周数、学分数进行核算，保证培养方案关联体系的准确无误。