食用菌企业并购与增强市场竞争力分析

食用菌企业能否通过龙头企业进行并购重组,调整产能过剩,解决产业集中度低,技术水平低和科研创新能力低的问题,从而激发市场的竞争活力,提升食用菌产业的规模结构,提高企业管理效率,迅速实现食用菌产业的转型升级。为此,通过分析食用菌市场的发展现状,龙头企业的运行模式,企业并购的现实因素等方面来总结龙头企业进行并购的积极影响,以期能为食用菌产业的技术进步和规模扩大提出建设性的意见,促进食用菌产业的高质量发展。     

中早熟西瓜新品种科丰16号的选育

科丰16号是以自交系A45为母本,以自交系花大板为父本育成的西瓜一代杂种。中早熟,全生育期95 d左右,果实发育期30 d左右,主蔓第7~8节着生第1雌花,以后每5~7节现1雌花;植株长势强,坐瓜整齐,果实圆形,果皮绿色覆墨绿色条带,外形美观;瓤肉红色,口感好,瓤质沙脆,中心可溶性固形物含量12%左右;单瓜质量7 kg左右,667 m~2产量4 500 kg左右;抗病性强、适应性广,适宜陕西及相同生态区早春保护地及露地栽培。     

Effect of eleutheroside B/E on proliferation and expression of PPARγ and TGF-β1 in HBZY-1 cells cultured with high glucose

AIM: To explore the effects and mechanism of eleutheroside (ETS) B or E on the proliferation of HBZY-1 cells treated with high glucose. METHODS: The HBZY-1 cells were cultured under high glucose condition. The 4th generation of HBZY-1 cells was used for determining the optimal cell density, which was consistent with the growth regulation curve of the cells. The cells were divided into 6 groups: low glucose (LG) group, high glucose (HG) group, high glucose plus ETS-B/E (low dose, medium dose and high dose) groups, and high glucose plus losartan (LTG) group. After all cells were treated with the corresponding drugs at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, the inhibitory rate of the proliferation was measured, and the expression of TGF-β1 and PPARγ was detected by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS: The best cell density was 2 000 cells/well, which was complied with the basic rules of the cell growth, and high glucose significantly promoted the HBZY-1 cell proliferation. At each time point, the inhibitory effects of ETS-B/E were significantly different between HG group and LTG group on the proliferation of the HBZY-1 cells (P<0.05). The expression of TGF-β1 was significantly inhibited, and the expression of PPARγ was significantly promoted by ETS-B/E (P<0.05). ETS-E showed stronger effect than ETS-B (P<0.05) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: ETS-B/E significantly inhibits the proliferation of HBZY-1 cells under high glucose condition by decreasing TGF-β1 expression and promoting PPARγ expression.     

梅州金柚产业分析

金柚产业是梅州最具有区域特色的支柱产业,本文从梅州市金柚的产业现状、发展优势、存在问题作分析,在立足品牌促产业转型升级上进行探索,为做大做强金柚产业提供参考。     

公众参与城市生活垃圾管理的影响因素研究

基于公众视角,研究影响公众参与城市生活垃圾管理的因素及影响程度。通过设计调查问卷获得相关数据,利用主成分分析和回归分析方法对环境保护需求、法律制度保障等因素影响公众参与城市生活垃圾管理的程度进行实证研究。研究结果表明:相较于权利的追求、公众的利益追求、个人修养这些内部因素,环境保护需求、法律制度保障、环保组织推动这些外部因素对公众参与城市生活垃圾管理的推动作用要小。而社会监督力量和信息技术发展对公众参与城市生活垃圾管理的推动作用则表现不明显。研究可为城市市政相关部门制定政策提供指导和借鉴。     

连作及轮作土壤微生物菌群对黄瓜幼苗生长及土壤酶活性的影响

通过植物-土壤反馈试验,研究连作及轮作土壤微生物菌群对黄瓜幼苗生长和土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明,轮作土壤微生物处理黄瓜植株鲜质量、叶绿素含量、土壤中性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性显著高于连作土壤微生物处理;连作及轮作土壤微生物处理增加了黄瓜幼苗干质量、鲜质量、叶绿素含量及总叶面积,显著提高了土壤中性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶活性。综上,连作及轮作土壤微生物菌群对黄瓜幼苗生长均产生正反馈作用,并且轮作土壤微生物的正反馈作用大于连作土壤微生物。     

利用 HPLC 分析菠萝愈伤组织 DNA 甲基化水平

建立菠萝 DNA 甲基化水平的 HPLC 测定方法，分析菠萝愈伤组织 DNA 甲基化水平变化，为进一步研究菠萝 体细胞无性系变异机理奠定基础。通过对流动相和水解温度等条件的优化，建立菠萝 DNA 甲基化水平的检测方法。结 果表明，分离 C 和 5m-C 的最佳流动相为甲醇∶磷酸二氢钾∶三乙胺为 10∶90∶0.2（V/V），pH 3.0，DNA 的最佳水解 温度为 90 ℃。利用此体系分析菠萝愈伤组织和胚性愈伤组织的 DNA 甲基化变化，结果表明，菠萝愈伤组织在分化过 程中 DNA 总甲基化水平呈动态变化，变化范围为 5.14%~96.86%。此外，胚性愈伤组织甲基化水平低于非胚性愈伤组 织。推测 DNA 甲基化影响菠萝愈伤组织的分化及胚性愈伤组织的形成。     

橄榄多酚类物质研究进展

橄榄是中国传统的药用植物，其中多酚类物质是橄榄重要的功效成分之一。目前，橄榄多酚类物质研究较为 广泛，常用的提取方法包括温浸法、超声波辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法、超声与微波协同辅助提取法等，分离纯化 后采用液相色谱或液质联用技术鉴定多酚类物质的种类和成分，并对其抗氧化、抗病毒、抗菌消炎、抗癌抑癌、解酒 护肝和提高机体免疫等方面的药理活性进行验证。此外，橄榄多酚类物质合成和代谢分子机理也已经被初步阐释。基 于上述研究报道，本文进一步对橄榄多酚类物质后续研究方向和产业化开发利用前景进行展望。     

基于全溶体系的毛竹竹材木质素分离方法

  目的  以毛竹Phyllostachys edulis竹材为原料，经球磨分别通过LiCl/DMSO溶剂体系的溶解、再生处理、纤维素酶水解，得到的酶解残渣进行溶剂抽提、纯化，分离出竹材中的再生酶解木质素（RCEL）。  方法  木质素化学成分按照标准方法测定，木质素结构单元的变化通过红外、碱性硝基苯氧化、核磁共振波普分析，采用X射线衍射比较再生前后的纤维素结晶区变化。用凝胶渗透色谱测定木质素的分子量及其分布。  结果  经由化学成分结果得知:RCEL的得率和纯度都较高。经红外、元素分析、硝基苯氧化、凝胶渗透色谱、核磁共振等手段表征表明:分离得到的竹材RCEL为GSH型木质素，缩合程度略高于纤维素酶解木质素（CEL），其中，紫丁香基结构单元含量较高，达50%，分离过程中结构单元比例没有变化。从分子量及其分布来看，竹材RCEL数均分子量和重均分子量都较高，分离过程中木质素降解较少。经X射线衍射分析，经LiCl/DMSO体系溶胀处理后纤维素的结晶度有所下降。RCEL木质素热失重温度为200~600℃，600℃后失重趋于稳定，木质素缩合程度不同会导致不同的热解特性。  结论  基于LiCl/DMSO溶剂体系的分离方法，对木质素大分子结构有较好的保护作用，对碳水化合物有很好的降解作用，可以改变纤维素结晶区的结构，降低结晶度，从而能促进纤维素的降解，提高酶解效率，有利于高效分离CEL。与传统分离方法得到的球磨木质素（MWL）、CEL相比，经过LiCl/DMSO溶剂体系处理后得到的竹材RCEL，能较好地代表竹材的木质素。     

Identification and Molecular Characteristics Analysis of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Variants

To ascertain a diarrhea case in a pig farm in Shandong province,the pathological changes of dead piglets were observed and nested RT-PCR test was carried out on 7 diarrhea samples for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV).Pathological examination revealed that intestine was detected as enlargement,hyperemia and edema.After histological examination,the typical microscopic lesions of intestine were disappearance of epithelial cells,villus shrinkage and shortening.The result of nested RT-PCR showed that all of the 7 samples could amplify a specific target band of PEDV.Molecular characteristics of two field strains showed that they had an amino acid homology of 92.3% to 92.4% with vaccine CV777 and 96.6% to 98.6% with other previous field strains which sequences were downloaded from GenBank.Phylogenetic tree analysis further revealed that all of PEDV strains could be mainly divided into two clusters of G1 and G2. G2 consisted of the field strains of our study and other field strains from USA,China and so on,which had the same sequence characteristics of two insertions and one deletion,while G1 consisted of all vaccines of CV777 and several older field strains from China and Korea.These results indicated that our field strains were the dominant strains in recent epidemic diarrhea occurrence.Moreover,its molecular characteristics might be a characterization of differentiating the field and vaccine strains.