Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in trimethylamine N-oxide-induced oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

AIM: To investigate whether endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)-mediated oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). METHODS: The cell viability was examined by CCK-8 assay. The cells were stained by DCFH-DA, and the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed by phase-contrast microscopy and detected by flow cytometric analysis. The protein levels of phospho-IRE-1α, IRE-1α and GRP78/BiP were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: TMAO exerted no significant effect on the viability of HUVECs. For a long period (>24 h), even a low concentration (10 μmol/L) of TMAO increased the oxidative stress level in the HUVECs (P<0.05). TMAO increased the phosphorylation level of IRE-1α and significantly up-regulated the protein level of GRP78/BiP in HUVECs (P<0.01). Pretreatment with STF-083010, an inhibitor of IRE1α, for 1 h reduced TMAO-induced oxidative stress in HUVECs (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in TMAO-induced oxidative stress in HUVECs.     

6 个不同品种荔枝果肉内生细菌群落多样性的高通量测序分析

【目的】内生菌在植物生长发育中发挥重要作用,分析不同品种荔枝果肉内生细菌群落结构及多样性,挖掘和利用潜在荔枝内生菌种资源,为进一步研究荔枝与内生菌互作关系提供参考依据。【方法】以 6 个不同品种荔枝的果肉组织为材料,PCR 扩增 16S rDNA 的 V3~V4 区,利用 MiSeq 高通量测序技术分析果肉组织内生细菌在门、科、属和种分类水平上的群落组成及优势菌群,结合 Alpha 多样性分析评估内生细菌群落多样性。【结果】对 6 个品种荔枝果肉内生细菌 16S rDNA 的 V3~V4 区进行扩增,共获得 2 139 086 条序列,其平均长度为 376 bp。不同品种荔枝果肉内生细菌群落在相对丰度和多样性上无显著差异。在门分类水平,变形菌门为主要优势细菌门类,其次为放线菌门。在科、属和种分类水平上,不同品种荔枝内生菌群落结构相似,但相对丰度占比不同。差异菌群分析结果显示,假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、果胶杆菌属（Pectobacterium）、苍白杆菌属（Ochrobactrum）和迪基氏菌属（Dickeya) 在优良品种‘鹅蛋荔’‘糯米糍’和‘观音绿’中显著富集,根瘤菌属（Bradyrhizobium）和变形菌属（Snodgrassella）只在‘鹅蛋荔’中富集。根据菌群相对丰度进行聚类分析,‘观音绿’‘糯米糍’和‘鹅蛋荔’的相似性更高。Alpha 多样性分析结果表明,6 种荔枝果肉内生菌群仅在丰度和多样性上存在差异,但未达到显著水平。【结论】该研究首次分析了 6 个不同品种荔枝果肉内生细菌的群落结构,并在优良荔枝品种中发现特有的微 生物类群富集现象,可为后续提升荔枝品质、开发利用内生菌提供理论依据和重要参考。     

利用昆虫表达系统表达新城疫病毒TS09-C耐热株的HN蛋白胞外区

前期研究表明新城疫病毒(NDV)HN蛋白为病毒热稳定性的主要影响因子.为了进一步研究HN蛋白的热稳定性以及影响其热稳定性的结构特征,研究利用杆状病毒表达了NDV TS09-C耐热株的HN蛋白的胞外区,将两个拷贝的TS09-C株HN胞外区基因分别插入到载体pFastBac-dual的PH启动子和p10启动子下游,在HN蛋...     

喷施新型腐植酸对谷子籽粒产量和品质的影响

为探究灌浆初期喷施新型腐植酸对谷子产量和品质的影响,以清水喷施为对照（NC）,设置腐植酸低（0.75 L/hm², 600×,LC）,中 （3.75 L/hm², 120× ,MC）,高（7.50 L/hm², 60× ,HC）3个浓度梯度,在谷子灌浆初期喷施于叶面,测定产量、穗部性状以及籽粒蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪、碳水化合物、直链淀粉、黄色素、总黄酮、多酚等多个指标,分析谷子产量及营养品质的变化。结果表明：1） 灌浆初期叶面喷施新型腐植酸可以通过增加千粒重来增加产量,各处理的谷子产量增加幅度由高到低为HC>MC>LC>NC,MC和 HC处理分别比NC增产18.5%和19.4%,谷子增产的最适新型腐植酸浓度介于60~120 ×。2） 灌浆期喷施新型腐植酸可改善谷子籽粒品质,显著提高蛋白质、氨基酸、黄色素、多酚含量（P<0.05）。3）通过主成分分析对不同处理的多个品质指标进行综合分析,总得分由高到低为MC>LC>HC>NC,中浓度（3.75 L/hm², 120×,MC）处理对品质提升效果最好。综上,叶面喷施新型腐植酸可以提升谷子产量,改善籽粒品质,中浓度处理综合表现最好。     

355份粳稻种质资源在新疆的遗传多样性分析及综合评价

为筛选出适合新疆种植的综合性状较优的水稻种质资源,对国、内外355份水稻资源的17个质量性状和20个数量性状进行综合评价。结果表明：在质量性状指标中穗抽出度、二次枝梗、穗立形态、叶片茸毛和分蘖力上表现出丰富的变异类型;数量性状变异范围为3.906%～57.519%,遗传多样性指数为1.713～2.067。通过对数量性状进行聚类分析将355份水稻种质资源划分为4大类群,类群Ⅰ属于极端粒型的特异性种质,共97份;类群Ⅱ属于潜在增产种质,共81份;类群Ⅲ属于晚熟极端种质,共94份;类群Ⅳ属于优质高产种质,共83份。20个数量性状利用主成分分析提取5个综合因子,累计贡献率为74.989%,各成分的贡献率分别为17.472%(PC1)、17.071%(PC2)、15.738%(PC3)、15.237%(PC4)和9.429%(PC5);水稻种质资源的综合得分范围为0.416 8～1.240 8,综合得分前10名的种质资源依次为‘21Y137’‘21Y271’‘21Y162’‘21Y280’‘21Y276’‘21Y87’‘21Y132’‘21Y254’‘21Y294’‘21Y318’,均属于类群Ⅳ...     

优质抗寒、抗病酿造葡萄新品种‘北红’

 ‘北红’葡萄新品种由‘玫瑰香’与‘山葡萄’杂交育成。浆果在北京地区9月底成熟。果粒圆形,蓝黑色,果粒质量1.57g,果穗质量160.0 g,浆果可溶性固形物含量23.8 %～ 27.0 %,含酸量0.89～1.26 %。早果性及丰产性强。抗寒、抗病能力特强。酿成的酒深宝石红色,酒体平衡,酒质上等。     

Prokaryotic expression and identification of a small peptide of osteopontin

AIM: To express osteopontin 13 peptide (OPN 13) in E.coli, and to test the biological activity of the purified products. METHODS: cDNA fragments containing RGD sequences were cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET-32c(+) including His coding sequence to construct pET-32c-OPN 13 plasmid. E.coli DH5α transformed by pET-32c-OPN 13 plasmid was induced by IPTG at different concentrations for different times to identify the optimal induction condition. Expressed His-OPN 13 fusion protein was purified via Ni-NTA His Bind Resin metal chelation chromatography, and detected by VSMCs adhesion and migration analysis. RESULTS: His-OPN 13 fusion protein was expressed in soluble manner. The fusion proteins were purified via Ni-NTA His Bind Resin affinity chromatography. His-OPN 13 fusion protein specifically inhibited adhesion and migration of VSMCs stimulated by osteopontin in dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: The OPN 13 peptide is successfully expressed in E.coli DH5α. The purified His-OPN 13 fusion protein could inhibit the adhesion and migration of VSMCs stimulated by osteopontin.     

Effects of apolipoprotein (a) on vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and cell signal transduction pathway

AIM: To investigate the effect and the mechanism of apolipoprotein (a) ［apo (a)］ on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS: All VSMCs used in experiments were serial subcultured from primary cells and were identified by immunohistochemistry staining of α-actin. Cell growth assay was observed as cell counting and MTT assay. Western blotting was also employed to detect the related mechanism. RESULTS: All cells used in experiments were confirmed as VSMCs. Although apo (a) enhanced VSMCs proliferation, this effect was attenuated by anti-integrin αⅤβ3, LM609. Use these reagents alone had no effect on VSMCs growth. The results of Western blotting demonstrated that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was activated by apo (a) and the expression of total or phosphorylated transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) was also decreased. However, these effects described above were all blocked by LM609. CONCLUSION: Apolipoprotein (a) enhances VSMCs proliferation and this effect is mediated by integrin αⅤβ3, which activates FAK and attenuates TGF-β1 and phospho-TGF-β1 expression.     

黄土丘陵区退耕地植被景观时空变异特征

对黄土丘陵区退耕地植被特征的时空变异性进行了研究.结果表明,不同植被类型区植被特征之间差异不是很显著,仅延安与安塞在物种丰富度之间和安塞与吴旗在物种多样性之间存在较显著的差异(0.01＜p＜0.05),其它的两两之间的差异并不明显.延安森林带北缘→安塞森林草原带植被指数呈下降趋势,降幅最大为17.65%,变异系数呈增大趋势,增幅最大为21.49%;安塞森林草原带→吴旗草原带物种丰富度指数及其变异系数都呈增大趋势,而物种多样性和均匀度指数呈减小趋势,其变异系数呈增大趋势.植被指数随退耕年限的变化趋势图都有两个明显的峰值,并在退耕20年左右后植被群落逐渐稳定.     

不同氮处理下增施CO2对番茄叶片养分含量的影响

为探究不同氮处理对番茄植株叶片养分的影响及增施CO2的效果。以番茄"鸿途"为试验材料,在2个自然光照人工气候室内,采用苗钵基质栽培,设置5个氮素处理的营养液(50、150、250、350、450 mg·L^-1,分别设为N1~N5)、2个CO2浓度(300、600μL·L^-1,分别设为C1、C2),分别测定植株开花期、坐果期、果实膨大期生物量及叶片硝态氮和矿质元素含量。结果表明:中氮处理(N 250~350 mg·L^-1)下,植株干质量、叶片硝态氮含量以及矿质元素N、P、K、Ca、Mg含量均较高。增施CO2处理后,番茄植株干质量较C1处理增加了10.2%,叶片N、K、Mg含量都增加了20%左右,P含量没有变化,Ca含量降低了25.67%;低氮处理(N 50 mg·L^-1)下,番茄植株干质量、叶片硝态氮含量以及矿质元素N、P、K、Mg、Ca含量均较对照N3处理低。增施CO2处理后,植株的总干质量没有显著增加,其叶片硝态氮含量以及N、P、K含量也没有显著变化,而Ca含量在开花期和坐果期较C1处理分别增加了37.72%、15.45%,Mg含量在开花期较C1处理增加了43.86%;高氮处理(N 450 mg·L^-1)下,植株干质量较N3处理降低了18.03%,叶片硝态氮含量较N3处理增加了111.44%,叶片N、Ca、Mg含量与N3处理接近均较高,P、K含量较N3处理均降低了10%。增施CO2处理后,植株干质量较C1处理增加了35.92%,叶片硝态氮含量增加不显著,叶片N、K、Mg含量较C1处理分别增加了19.06%、27.82%、24.87%,而叶片P含量变化不显著,叶片钙含量在番茄开花期、坐果期和果实膨大期都较低,较C1处理分别降低了21.37%、17.16%、7.75%。综合番茄生长各项指标及经济效益,在营养液N浓度为250~350 mg·L^-1时,增施CO2浓度到600μL·L^-1(C2)最能促进开花期番茄植株叶片养分含量的增加。