气相色谱法测定苦参苍术口服液中三氯甲烷残留量

建立了苦参苍术口服液中三氯甲烷残留量的气相色谱检测方法,采用DB—FFAP毛细管柱,柱温为程序升温,氢火焰离子化检测器（FID）,检测器温度为250℃,进样口温度为220oC,载气为氮气。试验结果三氯甲烷在6．0464～120．928μg／mL浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0．99995）,加样回收实验平均回收率为98．01％（RSD=1．6％）。本方法简便、快速、准确、重现性好,可作为苦参苍术口服液中三氯甲烷残留量的检测方法。     

动物组织中己烯雌酚残留的高效液相色谱/电化学检测方法研究

建立了动物组织中己烯雌酚的高效液相色谱/电化学检测方法.色谱柱为HypersilODSC18柱(5μm,4.6mm×250mm);流动相为乙腈-0.007mol/L磷酸二氢铵(48∶52,V/V,pH3.5);电化学检测的检测模式为前处理(pretreat),工作电压为0.9V,灵敏度为0.5μA.己烯雌酚浓度在0.2～100ng/g范围内具有良好线性关系,相关系数为0.9995.各组织不同添加浓度的平均回收率均为80%,批内变异系数《3.60%,批间变异系数《3.72%,检测限为0.2ng/g.     

Evaluation of Surgical Scrub Methods for Large Animal Surgeons

Objective— The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a 5–minute surgical scrub using either a one-brush or a two-brush technique in clean and dirty surgical procedures, and to compare the efficacy of povidone iodine with chlorhexidine as surgical scrub solutions. Study Design— Prospective clinical trial. Methods— Nine veterinarians scrubbed their hands on eight separate occasions using either povidone iodine or chlorhexidine gluconate. A 5-minute scrub and either a one-brush or two-brush technique used in both clean and dirty operations were evaluated by taking glove juice samples before scrubbing, immediately after scrubbing, and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after scrubbing. Glove juice samples were cultured and the colonies were counted. Percent reductions of bacterial forming units were calculated for all eight scrub procedures. Results— All scrub procedures provided an adequate percent reduction in colony forming units (CFU) during the 2–hour sampling period. The number of CFU immediately after scrubbing were significantly lower than prescrub. At 120 minutes, there were significantly fewer CFUs than presecrub, but there were more than immediately after scrubbing. No significant difference in reduction in CFUs were detected between one-brush and two-brush techniques. Both chlorhexidine and povidone iodine scrub solutions adequately reduced bacterial colony counts for 120 minutes after scrubbing regardless of the amount of contamination before skin preparation. Conclusions— Bacterial counts after a hand scrub procedure using a one-brush technique were not significantly different than after a procedure that used a two-brush technique. Povidone iodine and chlorhexidine are equally effectively in decreasing bacterial numbers on the skin, given a variety of contamination levels present before the scrub procedure. Clinical Relevance— Surgeons may use either chlorhexidine or povidone iodine for antiseptic preparation of their hands before surgery. A two-brush technique is not necessary.     

太湖新银鱼种群摄食对小江浮游动物群落结构的影响

为探究三峡水库典型支流小江太湖新银鱼（Neosalanx taihuensis）种群摄食对浮游动物群落结构的影响,于2019年1~12月逐月对太湖新银鱼与浮游动物样品进行采集并分析太湖新银鱼胃含物组成与浮游动物群落结构特征。分析结果表明：（1）太湖新银鱼的饵料生物主要为桡足类（相对重要指数百分比（IRI%）=79.97%）,其次为枝角类（IRI%=18.86%）,轮虫占比较少（IRI%=0.001%）。（2）3至6月（太湖新银鱼春群繁殖期）太湖新银鱼生物量迅速上升,并在5、6月维持较高水平的生物量,而浮游动物群落结构呈现小型化趋势,生物量由28.93 mg/L下降至1.13 mg/L;密度由21173.39 ind./L增加至26808.23 ind./L。7月小江禁捕结束,太湖新银鱼生物量开始急剧下降,小江浮游动物中桡足类和枝角类的密度与生物量迅速升高,于8月（密度为151.98 ind./L;生物量为3.39 mg/L）达到全年最高。（3）在太湖新银鱼生物量较高的时期,由于太湖新银鱼对于枝角类和桡足类具有较强的选择性,导致水体中枝角类和桡足类生物量占比（17%~58%）显著低于其它时期（P<0.05）。由此认为,太湖新银鱼生物量与浮游动物群落结构变化存在较强的关联性,太湖新银鱼种群摄食的下行效应可能是小江浮游动物生物量下降及群落结构小型化的关键原因。明晰太湖新银鱼种群生长与浮游动物群落结构的动态变化关系可为小江水华暴发的控制与水生态健康管理提供理论依据。     

环保型长效化肥聚脲甲醛的合成研究

合成了环保型长效聚脲甲醛化肥 ,并对其合成的全过程进行了研究 ,结果表明反应温度为50℃～ 6 0℃ ,反应的第一阶段 pH值为 8,反应的第二阶段 pH值小于 4时 ,能获得较高产率的制品 ,最后对产物进行了表征     

白洋淀湖泊湿地中氮素分布的初步研究

湿地中氮素的空间分布在一定程度上反映了湿地环境变化的进程。对白洋淀3个典型淀区沉积物、孔隙水和上覆水中有机质和氮素进行分析,结果表明,白洋淀湖泊湿地沉积物中的有机质和全氮含量在垂直分布上表现出较好的一致性,均随深度增加而减少;但有机质和全氮分布存在空间差异性,英家淀的有机质和全氮含量均高于小杨家淀和小鸭淀;沉积物在6 cm深处,小杨家淀和小鸭淀沉积物中全氮出现一次低值,而所有采样点孔隙水中NH4 -N浓度都在此处出现一个峰值,表明6 cm深度可能是白洋淀湖泊湿地微生物降解有机氮的一个活跃区;芦苇湿地上覆水中NH4 -N和NO3--N含量都高于宽阔湖面水体,说明植被的生长不仅会促进底质有机氮的降解,其自身分泌的代谢产物及残枝败叶的腐烂也会增加水体中各种形态氮的含量,增加对水体中各种氮素的滞留,在芦苇湿地区对水面漂浮物的打捞和对芦苇的及时收割是减少湖泊湿地氮素输入的一种有效途径。     

红树林根际解磷菌分离、培养及解磷能力的研究

本实验从红树林根际分离出不同种类的解磷细菌,经过筛选获得一株解磷能力较强的菌株ZB0211,在纯培养的条件下,对这株解磷菌进行最适培养条件试验。结果表明:碳源以10g·kg-1的蔗糖最佳,氮源以1g·kg-1NH4Cl最好,10g·kg-1NaCl浓度为最适生长浓度,最适初始pH值为7 5。同时进行的解磷能力实验也表明pH值、菌数与解磷能力这三者之间存在一定的相关性。     

罗非鱼性别三系配套技术研究进展

罗非鱼(Tilapia)为热带鱼,具有适应性强、食性广、生长快、产量高、养殖周期短、肉质好、易于深加工和出口创汇等优点,是联合国粮农组织(FAO)向全世界推广养殖的优良种类之一.其养殖范围遍及85个国家和地区.我国是世界上最大的罗非鱼养殖国和出口国,2007年我国罗非鱼产量达到120×104t,出口量已达21×104 t,出口额达5亿美元.罗非鱼养殖业在我国现已走上了产业化、规模化发展的道路[1].     

Determination of immunochemically nonreactive urinary albumin by HPLC method and its significance of diagnose on children diabetic nephropathy

AIM: To detect the immunochemically nonreactive urinary albumin and its significance of diagnose on diabetic nephropathy by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).METHODS: Urine samples of 58 diabetic children were collected. Urinary albumin was measured by HPLC and by immunoassay respectively.RESULTS: The retention times of albumin of standard and urine samples were 14.3 min. The content of albumin by HPLC and by immunoassay were 9.6-195.1 mg/L and 0-158.6 mg/L, respectively.The level of urinary albumin was higher by HPLC detection than that by immunoassay (P<0.05) in the same sample. The microalbuminuria rates were 70.7% detected by HPLC and 37.9% by immunoassay.CONCLUSION: Total urinary albumin can be measured by HPLC. Microalbuminuria in diabetic children can be observed earlier by HPLC.     

林下种植重楼和珠子参后土壤细菌结构与功能变化

为探索不同植被下土壤细菌群落构成和功能差异及其与土壤因子的关系,采用高通量测序,对移栽重楼和珠子参根际及原始林地土壤细菌进行16SrRNA测序。结果表明,重楼根际土壤的Chao1和ACE指数显著高于原始林地土壤。Simpson和Shannon指数与土壤因子的相关性不显著,Chao1和ACE指数与EC、WC、TP、MBC、MBP、AP呈显著正相关,与AK、MBC:MBP、NiR、SUC呈显著负相关。变形菌门和酸杆菌门在原始林地土壤中丰度最高,拟杆菌门在重楼根际土壤中丰度最高,厚壁菌门在珠子参根际土壤中丰度最高。KEGG分析发现,原始林地土壤在细胞过程、环境信息处理、遗传信息处理与代谢等4个一级功能层面均有丰度较高的基因,重楼根际土壤中丰度较高的基因主要位于代谢层面,而珠子参根际土壤则是遗传信息处理层面的个别基因丰度较高,和KEGG功能基因丰度具有较高相关性的土壤因子与调控Chao1和ACE指数的土壤因子较为类似,说明细菌群落组成与基因功能紧密相关。此外,重楼和珠子参根际土壤均表现出次生盐渍化和温室气体排放增强的现象。