Direct observations of structural phase transitions in planar crystallized ion plasmas

Laser-cooled 9Be+ ions confined in two-dimensionally extended lattice planes were directly observed, and the images were used to characterize the structural phases of the ions. Five different stable crystalline phases were observed, and the energetically favored structure could be sensitively tuned by changing the areal density of the confined ions. The experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions for the planar (infinite in two dimensions) one-component plasma. Qualitatively similar structural phase transitions occur, or are predicted to occur, in other experimentally realizable planar systems.     

Superovulatory Response of Zebu Cows Treated with pFSH in a Single Subcutaneous Injection Followed by an Additional Intramuscular Sub‐Dose 48 h Later

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether an additional intramuscular (im) injection of pFSH would increase the embryo production in zebu cows superovulated with a single subcutaneous (sc) pFSH injection. Twenty‐one Nelore cows were treated with a progesterone vaginal implant (Controlled Internal Drug Relased – CIDR B^®) and injected im with 2.5 mg estradiol benzoate. Four days later, cows were assigned randomly into three groups and superovulated with pFSH. Groups A and B received single sc injections of 400 and 320 IU, respectively; Group C received multiple im injections of 400 IU in decreasing doses at 12‐h intervals over 4 days. In the morning (07:00 am) of day 3 after starting superovulation, cows received im 150 mcg cloprostenol and Group B was additionally injected im with 80 IU of pFSH. CIDR‐B was withdrawn in the afternoon (07:00 pm). Cows were inseminated 48 and 62 h after the cloprostenol injection. Embryo collection and corpora lutea (CL) estimation were done 7 days after insemination. Alternation of treatments (crossover design) occurred at a 60‐day interval. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) of CL counts among treatments. The total (transferable and no transferable) number of recovered embryos from Group A (6.9 ± 1.5) was not different from Group C (9.8 ± 1.2), whereas Group B (5.7 ± 1.5) was lower than Group C (p < 0.05). The number of transferable embryos from Groups A (2.4 ± 0.7) and B (1.7 ± 0.6) was lower (p < 0.05) than Group C (4.6 ± 1.2). Lesser (p < 0.05) embryo production from Group B was related to lower recovery rate (46.4%), compared with Groups A (65.1%) and C (81.7%). It was concluded that an additional im subdose of pFSH, injected 48 h after a single subcutaneous (sc) dose of pFSH, does not improve the embryo production in zebu cows.     

Sunrise: An early maturing,golden nematode resistant,round, white potato variety

The Sunrise potato variety is an early maturing variety with round to oblong, moderately smooth, white skinned tubers with medium-shallow eyes. Its characteristics are closely parallel to those of Superior, except Sunrise is resistant to race A of the golden nematode (Globodera rostochiensis). Sunrise is primarily a table potato; however, in southern areas it can be used for chips when processed without prolonged storage at low temperatures. Sunrise is resistant to virus X and does not show the net necrosis symptoms caused by leafroll virus. Its parents are Wauseon and B 6563-2, a selection from the USDA breeding program.     

Yankee Chipper: A new golden nematode resistant potato variety with wide adaptation in the northeastern United States

The Yankee Chipper potato is a medium maturing variety with round to oblong, smooth, white-skinned tubers. Acceptable yields, good dry matter and light chip color characterize this widely adapted variety. It is resistant to golden nematode and virus X, and tubers do not show the net necrosis associated with leafroll virus infection.     

Changes in the nutrient composition of potatoes during home preparation: I. Proximate composition

The effects of various home cooking methods on the proximate composition of four potato varieties were investigated. The results revealed significant increases in the dry matter content of tubers during oven-baking and microwave cooking. With one exception, cooking unpeeled tubers in boiling water did not significantly alter their proximate composition. Boiling peeled tubers resulted in a significant decrease in the total ash content. Except for one variety, there was a significant decrease in crude fiber in boiled peeled and oven-baked potatoes. Changes in protein values were erratic.     

The effect of Dual® on the flavor of riced baked potatoes

Samples of Katahdin potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) from untreated and Dual 8E-treated plots (4 lb. ai/A applied at the first hilling) were evaluated for flavor by a sensory panel of 21 members. No off-flavor was associated with the Dual-treated baked potatoes.     

Delta Gold: A new potato variety with yellow flesh,high solids and high quality for baking and processing

Delta Gold is a medium-late maturing, round, yellowish-skinned, yellow-fleshed variety which is excellent for baking and processing. Its yields have been lower than Kennebec; however, specific gravities have been higher. It is moderately resistant to scab and early blight and immune to net necrosis and virus A.     

Changes in the nutrient composition of potatoes during home preparation: II. Vitamins

American Journal of Potato Research - The retention of water-soluble vitamins by several potato varieties using various home preparation methods was investigated. Retention values in general...