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31.
32.
Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Test to the Diagnosis of Canine Brucellosis Caused by Brucella canis
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LB Keid JA Diniz TMFS Oliveira HL Ferreira RM Soares 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(6):939-944
This study evaluated the performance of an immunochromatographic test (ICT) for the diagnosis of canine brucellosis caused by Brucella canis, comparing its results with that of the rapid slide agglutination test with and without the use of 2‐mercaptoethanol and the agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID). The microbiological culture, PCR and clinical examination were used as reference. According to the results obtained in clinical examination, blood culture, culture of semen and vaginal swab and PCR in blood, semen and vaginal swab, a total of 102 dogs were divided into three groups: B. canis‐infected dogs (Group 1), B. canis‐non‐infected dogs (Group 2) and dogs with suspected brucellosis (Group 3). The diagnostic sensitivity of RSAT, 2ME‐RSAT, AGID and ICT in Group 1 was, respectively, 75%, 37.5%, 27.8% and 89.58%. The diagnostic specificity of RSAT, 2ME‐RSAT, AGID and ICT in Group 2 was, respectively, 91%, 100%, 100%, and 100%. In dogs with suspected brucellosis, 9.67% were RSAT positive, none was positive by 2ME‐RSAT, 3.22% were AGID positive and 6.45% were ICT positive. The main drawback concerning canine brucellosis diagnosis is the lack of a highly sensitive serological assay to be used as a screening test to the rapid identification of infected animals. The ICT showed a high diagnostic specificity and a diagnostic sensitivity value greater than that observed in the RSAT, 2ME‐RSAT and AGID. However, 10.41% of infected dogs had negative results by ICT. These dogs were positive by microbiological culture and/or PCR, indicating active infection and consequently a higher potential of spreading Brucella. Although rapid and simple to perform, the ICT lacked sensitivity to be used as a screening test. 相似文献
33.
Intestinal M cells: a pathway for entry of reovirus into the host 总被引:45,自引:0,他引:45
J L Wolf D H Rubin R Finberg R S Kauffman A H Sharpe J S Trier B N Fields 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1981,212(4493):471-472
Thirty minutes after inoculation of reovirus type 1 into the intestinal lumen of the mouse, viruses were found adhering to the surface of intestinal M cells but not other epithelial cells. Within 1 hour, viruses were seen in the M cell cytoplasm and were associated with mononuclear cells in the intercellular space adjacent to the M cell. These findings suggest that M cells are the site where reovirus penetrates the intestinal epithelium. 相似文献
34.
Romain Pariaut DMV N Sydney Moïse DVM MS Marc S Kraus DVM Anna RM Gelzer Dr.med.vet. Mark Rishniw BVSc MS James A Flanders DVM Shari Renaud-Farrell VT Mary Ellen Charter VT 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2004,6(1):32-39
Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) enhances our ability to see the patent ductus arteriosus in the dog. The improved visualization may potentially improve our ability to perform transcatheter coil embolization in patients that are more likely to have a successful outcome. This report uses still and video images to detail the specifics of coil embolization as performed with the assistance of TEE and compares the images with those of angiography, surgery and postmortem examination. 相似文献
35.
Milk quality in bulk tank milk(BTM)is measured by flow cytometry technology as total bacterial count(TBC)and somatic cell count(SCC).To investigate SCC problems,culture or PCR can be used to identify mastitis causing bacteria,e.g.,Mastit 4,a commercially available qPCR test.TBC in BTM can be investigated further using culture-based methods such as standard plate count,laboratory pasteurization count,coliform count,and spore counts.To our knowledge,no qPCR addressing the bacteria involved in TBC has been commercially introduced.The aim of this study is to evaluate a recently introduced 3-h qPCR test,TBC 4.The TBC 4 qPCR detects four target groups,Pseudomonas,Streptococci,Enterobacteriacea/Enterococcus,and Bacillus/Clostridia.These target groups relate to problems on the farm such as cooling,mastitis,environment,and silage.We will continue with new research to compare the TBC 4 qPCR test with traditional culture.For this study,BTM samples from different TBC intervals were selected based on Bacto Count results found at routine payment investigation at Eurofins laboratory(Vejen,Denmark).These samples were analyzed using TBC 4 qPCR assay within 24 h.In total,346 BTM samples were divided into six different intervals of colony forming units(CFU).For all four targets in each of the different intervals of CFU,the percent of positive samples,the average C_t-value,the percent of positive samples with C_t30 and C_t25 were calculated.For Pseudomonas,Streptococci,and Enterobacteriacea/Enterococcus,the number of positive samples with lower C_t-values(high bacteria content)correlated with the CFU mL~(–1).We found Enterobacteriacea/Enterococcus,Pseudomonas,and Streptococci in high number of bacteria(C_t25)in 25,19 and 56%of samples with CFU mL~(–1) between 50 001–100 000 and 53,44,and 39%in samples with CFU mL~(–1)100 000.The TBC 4 qPCR test showed to be a strong and fast tool for farmers,advisors and service technicians to address problems with high TBC and ensuring the delivery of good quality milk to the dairy. 相似文献
36.
In spite of widespread application of flutamide in the endocrine therapies of young and adult patients, the side effects of this antiandrogen on spermatogenesis and germ‐cell morphology remain unclear. This study evaluates the short‐term androgen blockage effect induced by the administration of flutamide to the testes of pubertal (30‐day old) and adult (65‐ and 135‐day old) guinea pigs, with an emphasis on ultrastructural alterations of main cell types. The testes removed after 10 days of treatment with either a non‐steroidal antiandrogen, flutamide (10 mg/kg of body weight) or a pharmacological vehicle alone were processed for histological, quantitative and ultrastructural analysis. In pubertal animals, flutamide androgenic blockage induces spermatogonial differentiation and accelerates testes maturation, causing degeneration and detachment of primary spermatocytes and round spermatids, which are subsequently found in great quantities in the epididymis caput. In post‐pubertal and adult guinea pigs, in addition to causing germ‐cell degeneration, especially in primary spermatocytes, and leading to the premature detachment of spherical spermatids, the antiandrogen treatment increased the relative volume of Leydig cells. In addition, ultrastructural evaluation indicated that irrespective of age antiandrogen treatment causes an increase in frequency of organelles involved with steroid hormone synthesis in the Leydig cells and a dramatic accumulation of myelin figures in their cytoplasm and, to a larger degree, in Sertoli cells. In conclusion, the transient exposition of the guinea pigs to flutamide, at all postnatal ages causes some degenerative lesions including severe premature detachment of spermatids and accumulation of myelin bodies in Leydig and Sertoli cells, compromising, at least temporarily, the spermatogenesis. 相似文献
37.
DA Fisher RM Koerner JC Bourgeois G Zielinski C Wake CU Hammer HB Clausen N Gundestrup S Johnsen K Goto-Azuma T Hondoh E Blake M Gerasimoff 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5351):692-695
Ice cores from Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Canada, provide continuous Holocene records of oxygen isotopic composition (delta18O, proxy for temperature) and atmospheric impurities. A time scale was established with the use of altered seasonal variations, some volcanic horizons, and the age for the end of the Wisconsin ice age determined from the GRIP and GISP2 ice cores. There is pre-Holocene ice near the bed. The change in delta18O since the last glacial maximum (LGM) is at least 12.5 per mil, compared with an expected value of 7 per mil, suggesting that LGM ice originated at the much higher elevations of the then existing Foxe Dome and Foxe Ridge of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The LGM delta18O values suggest thick ice frozen to the bed of Hudson Bay. 相似文献
38.
Strong regularities in world wide web surfing 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
One of the most common modes of accessing information in the World Wide Web is surfing from one document to another along hyperlinks. Several large empirical studies have revealed common patterns of surfing behavior. A model that assumes that users make a sequence of decisions to proceed to another page, continuing as long as the value of the current page exceeds some threshold, yields the probability distribution for the number of pages that a user visits within a given Web site. This model was verified by comparing its predictions with detailed measurements of surfing patterns. The model also explains the observed Zipf-like distributions in page hits observed at Web sites. 相似文献
39.
The structure of the upper atmosphere of mars: In situ accelerometer measurements from mars global surveyor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
GM Keating SW Bougher RW Zurek RH Tolson GJ Cancro SN Noll JS Parker TJ Schellenberg RW Shane BL Wilkerson JR Murphy JL Hollingsworth RM Haberle M Joshi JC Pearl BJ Conrath MD Smith RT Clancy RC Blanchard RG Wilmoth DF Rault TZ Martin DT Lyons PB Esposito MD Johnston al et 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5357):1672-1676
The Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) z-axis accelerometer has obtained over 200 vertical structures of thermospheric density, temperature, and pressure, ranging from 110 to 170 kilometers, compared to only three previous such vertical structures. In November 1997, a regional dust storm in the Southern Hemisphere triggered an unexpectedly large thermospheric response at mid-northern latitudes, increasing the altitude of thermospheric pressure surfaces there by as much as 8 kilometers and indicating a strong global thermospheric response to a regional dust storm. Throughout the MGS mission, thermospheric density bulges have been detected on opposite sides of the planet near 90 degreesE and 90 degreesW, in the vicinity of maximum terrain heights. This wave 2 pattern may be caused by topographically-forced planetary waves propagating up from the lower atmosphere. 相似文献
40.