Apparent digestibility coefficients of animal and plant feed ingredients for juvenile Pseudobagrus ussuriensis

A study was conducted to determine apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), lipid, gross energy, phosphorus and amino acids (AAs) from Peruvian fish meal (PFM), native fish meal (NFM), meat bone meal (MBM), dried daphnia meal (DDM), soybean meal (SBM), full‐fat soybean (FSBM), cottonseed meals (CSM), rapeseed meal (RSM) and corn gluten meal (CGM) for Pseudobagrus ussuriensis (7.8 ± 0.06 g). Test diets were formulated to contain a 70:30 mixture of reference diet to test ingredient with chromic oxide (5 g kg^–1) serving as the inert marker. ADCs of DM ranged from 49.94% (CGM) to 87.11% (PFM), the highest ADCs of DM were observed in PFM and the lowest was found in CGM. ADCs of CP in the test ingredients ranged from 74.92% (CGM) to 93.41% (SBM). ADCs of crude lipid ranged from 51.80% (CGM) to 94.07% (PFM) for fish. ADCs of energy ranged from 56.42% (CGM) to 90.09% (PFM). ADCs of phosphorus ranged from 21.81% (CSM) to 65.70% (PFM). AA availability for the test ingredients followed a similar pattern to ADCs of CP, in which values for PFM, NFM and MBM were generally higher (p < .05) than those of other protein ingredients. Among all plant meals, the AA availability values in SBM were higher (p < .05) than those in CGM, CSM and RSM. The availability of most AAs in CGM was the lowest (p < .05) among all tested ingredients. In conclusion, PFM and NFM are good sources of available protein and AAs. When fishmeal supply is limited, MBM and DDM are substitutes for fishmeal reduction in P. ussuriensis diets; at the same time, SBM and FSBM are also very acceptable protein feedstuffs. However, CSM, RSM and CGM could not be used at high levels in P. ussuriensis diets because of their inferior digestibilities.     

基于空间分析的森林土壤养分分级方法

为探索一种适用于森林土壤养分分级方法,本研究以广西乐里林场太阳盘分场为研究区域,通过网格化方式布设土壤采样点,分析土壤有效磷含量并进行空间插值,利用森林资源规划数据,提取速生杉木种植小班平均土壤有效磷含量,选取速效氮、速效钾水平中等的小班,计算各小班杉木(Cuninghamiaspp.)年平均生长量,根据相对产量公式计算小班年相对生长量,以"对数"类型拟合年相对生长量与对应土壤养分值之间的关系,分别以相对生长量为50%、75%、90%和95%计算对应的土壤磷素含量,根据计算结果划分土壤磷素丰缺指标,获得该区域土壤有效磷临界值分为2.6、4.0、5.7和6.3,得出研究区杉木林地土壤有效磷分级指标,为制定区域速生林木施肥配方提供研究基础。     

恒温隔绝式荧光PCR检测非洲猪瘟病毒核酸方法的建立

恒温隔绝式荧光PCR(iiPCR)是一种简便、快速及可使用于现场检测的荧光PCR方法.本研究采用农业农村部推荐的检测非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)核酸的荧光定量PCR方法的引物和探针,通过对引物、探针、Taq酶等反应体系的优化,建立了基于恒温隔绝式荧光PCR的ASFV检测方...     

基质栽培仙客来矿质营养吸收规律的研究

近几年,仙客来(Cyclamen persicum)设施栽培产业在我国迅速发展,但由于引进的国外品种在我国栽培条件下缺乏相应的技术研究,导致仙客来生产优质品率低、生产成本高。因此,探讨设施栽培条件下仙客来的营养吸收规律,对制定优质仙客来生产的施肥技术具有指导意义。本试验以日本的NP系列F1代NP3品种为试材。2002年12月下旬播种于288穴育苗盘,2003年3月底移苗到50孔穴盘,2003年5月上旬换盆定植于泥炭:珍珠岩:蛭石=5∶1∶1(pH6·0,EC0·8mS/cm,速效N161·88mg/kg,速效P29·73mg/kg,速效K110mg/kg),试验规模为6000盆,田间管理按浙江森禾种业…     

蝴蝶泉公园生态环境修复与景观规划设计

文章介绍了第45届国际风景园林师联合会国际学生设计竞赛作品的构思创作过程及主要方案内容。利用蝴蝶数量逐渐减少这一线索,探求了云南大理蝴蝶泉地区的环境变迁。针对这个地区所发现的问题,通过水和植被等方面的规划,试图构建本地区自然环境的和谐良性循环。       

显性核不育油菜圆叶纯合两型系Gd1AB的选育

采用杂交、兄妹交和自交等育种手段，育成园叶显性纯合两型系Gd1AB。利用该两型系与花叶临保系进行全不育系制种，圆叶可作为苗期育性的指示性状，能有效地区别纯合两型系内可育株迟拔或漏拔而产生的杂株，从而提高全不育系的纯度。     

Studies on the supramolecular interaction between dimethomorph and disulfide linked β-cyclodextrin dimer by spectrofluorimetry and its analytical application

The supramolecular interaction of disulfide linked β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) dimer and dimethomorph has been studied by spectrofluorimetry. Based on the significant enhancement of the fluorescence intensity of dimethomorph, a new spectrofluorimetric method with high sensitivity and selectivity was developed for the determination of dimethomorph in bulk aqueous in the presence of the disulfide linked β-CD dimer. The inclusion complexation behavior of β-CD dimer with dimethomorph was studied in a KH(2)PO(4)-H(3)PO(4) buffer solution of pH 3.86 at room temperature. The apparent association constant of the complex was 2.25 × 10(4) L/mol. The linear range was 12-7500 ng/mL with the detection limit 3.70 ng/mL, and the limit of quantification was 12.4 ng/mL. The proposed method had been successfully applied to the determination of dimethomorph residues in vegetables with recoveries of 89.0-115%.     

冷却循环水系统节能及应用

为解决循环水系统由于水泵选型不当、工况调节方法不合理、管理不科学、能耗评估困难等原因造成的系统运行效率低下,能源浪费严重的问题,以某化工厂循环水系统为研究对象,通过现场对循环水系统设备安装情况和工厂生产周期内泵的运行工况进行调研,并与泵在变频调速运行下的能耗比较,找出节能空间,完成系统的能耗分析和评估.以泵的相似定理为理论基础,结合水泵单体节能和系统节能,制定基于供水泵站变频运行的循环水系统节能供水策略,在满足化工生产工艺需求的前提下实现循环水系统管网典型点的恒压供水.并总结建立一套基于泵外特性曲线、电动机负载特性曲线、循环水系统关键点工况数据的循环水系统能源调查方法.结果表明:该厂循环水系统按照节能改造后,通过对能耗的监测和推算,供水泵站年耗电量可由原来的2.1×105kW.h降为1.4×105kW.h,年节省电量近7×104kW.h,节电比例高达33%.     

菌酶协同制备菜籽肽工艺的优化及其营养成分分析

试验旨在考察枯草芽孢杆菌B1与中性蛋白酶协同发酵和酶解处理(简称菌酶协同酵解)制备菜籽肽的最佳工艺条件及对经菌酶酵解后的菜籽粕营养成分的分析。以菜籽肽得率为主要指标,通过对加酶量、发酵温度和料水比等酶解、发酵条件的单因素和正交试验,确定了菜籽肽以菌酶同时添加为最佳制备方式,以枯草芽孢杆菌接种量1.0%、中性蛋白酶添加量150 U/g、料水比1:1.0、发酵温度35℃、发酵时间48 h为最佳菌酶协同酵解条件。在此条件下,菜籽粕中硫代葡萄糖苷(硫苷)的降解率达74.23%,单宁和植酸的降解率分别为31.17%和16.39%。发酵后菜籽粕中粗蛋白含量达41.30%,比发酵前提高1.92%,菜籽肽含量达170.12 mg/g,比发酵前提高了3.7倍,还原糖含量比发酵前提高了57.68%,钙、磷含量分别比发酵前提高了26.83%和11.57%。试验表明,菌酶协同处理的方式对菜籽粕品质的提升有较好作用。     

林分断面积生长模型研究评述

林分断面积生长模型是林分生长和收获预估模型的体系的主要组成部分。在对常用的新面积生长模型Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ型和Ｓｃｈｕｍａｃｈｅｒ型分析的基础上，总结出断面积生长模型研究中应注意的４个问题；（１）选择的自变量应为３个，即立地质量指标、年龄和林分密度指标；（２）间伐林分模型应与未间伐林分模型同时考虑，进而详细介绍了用于间伐林分断面积预估的被压指数法；（３）间伐指标的构造需要伐前和后伐后的林分因子；（４