基于混合WSN的智能灌溉远程SCADA系统

采用Citect组态软件、无线传感器网络（WSN）、和GPRS模块,开发设计了一套分布式精确灌溉的闭环远程SCADA（Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition）系统。该系统主要由上位机、灌溉监控器、WSN、GPRS无线通讯模块和灌溉阀门系组成。其中,无线传感器网络采用地上和地下的混合拓扑结构,灌溉控制器通过土壤水分含量调控区域面积内的灌水量;远程监控中心采用Citect组态软件实现数据、人机界面管理,并可以通过web发布来实现高层次的监控。测试和试验过程中,数据采样间隔设定为30min,选用4组WSN节点,分别测得深度为5cm和35cm处的土壤温度、含水量,测试结果与普通灌溉相比可节水约20％。该系统实现了灌溉的在线自动监控和作物的精量灌溉,创新性的建立了一种地上、地下混合结构的无线传感器网络模型,为进一步研究奠定了基础。     

长株潭土地流转与补偿安置情况调查

在"两型社会"建设背景下,农户土地流转方式、农户流转意愿、政府补偿安置措施有所改变.选择长株潭为研究区,采用问卷调查和实地走访方式,就土地流转与补偿安置等问题进行研究并提出了相应对策.调查结果表明,土地流转向集约方向发展,流转方式多样,补偿安置方式多样,农户土地流转意愿较强,对补偿安置方式较满意,但是长沙、株洲、湘潭三地区又有所差异.     

一步法RT-PCR扩增PRSV海南分离物全长基因组cDNA

以植物总RNA提取试剂盒提取的高纯度的总RNA为模板,使用Oligo dT-Adaptor和Random9引物合成了番木瓜环斑病病毒海南分离物(PRSV HN-2)的cDNA第一链,基于已报道的PRSV全长基因组序列,设计合成了一对引物,一步法RT-PCR扩增出PRSV海南分离物全长基因组cDNA。为了验证获得的全长基因组cDNA的正确性,并以扩增出的全长cDNA为模板,将PRSV全长基因组分成A、B 2个大片段进行扩增,应用T载体进行克隆和测序以验证所获得的全长基因组cDNA序列的正确性。测序结果显示,该cDNA序列与国内外报道的PRSV各分离物全长核苷酸序列的相似性很高,表明本文建立的一步法RT-PCR扩增PRSV全长基因组cDNA的方法正确、可行。     

Predicting the Dairy Cow Somatic Cell Number of Ningxia Area Based on ARIMA Model

Through dairy herd improvement (DHI) data analysis to predict somatic cell count (SCC) of Ningxia area in time, which providing a reference for the prevention and treatment of mastitis in dairy cows, making the DHI data more effective and timely in guiding the dairy industry production. Using the difference method to make the average cow somatic cell data form September 2011 to February 2016 stabled, then used the seasonal ARIMA model to analysis, fitting and forecasting data. The auto.arima function of R software had been used to calculate the optimal time series that finally confirmed the model was ARIMA (1,1,0)(1,1,0)_[12], AIC was -3.67. The Acf test showed that the residual had no significant autocorrelation; Ljung-Box test showed that all P-value>0.5, indicating that the residual was white noise, and this model could be used to make predication for the next 24 months. The forecast function of the R software was used to predict the dairy cows SCC from March 2016 to February 2017, and the forecast map was drawn. The predicted results showed that the SCC of the entire Ningxia area were showing a downward trend. The SCC would be the least in January 2017,and the predictive value was about 253 100 per mL. It would be the largest in March 2016, was about 439 600 per mL. The results also showed that the dairy cows SCC in Ningxia was higher than the critical value of 20 million of subclinical mastitis. It suggested that the prevention and treatment of dairy cow mastitis need to be strengthened in Ningxia area. At the same time, if the data of the dairy cows SCC was added in timely, the data model should be updated to make it more close to the true value, which would be more meaningful to the actual instruction.     

青海湖2种高寒嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统水热通量比较

基于涡度相关技术,研究了2015年青海湖2种高寒嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统水热通量的特征。结果表明:(1)2015年青海湖高寒藏嵩草和小嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统日平均水汽通量分别为1.74,0.99mm,年水汽通量分别为633.3,362.1mm。(2)青海湖2种高寒嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统感热、潜热和净辐射日变化均呈单峰曲线,感热和潜热月平均日变化最大值出现的时间均晚于净辐射。藏嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统感热月均日变化最大值最大为179.06W/m~2,最小为46.02W/m~2;潜热最大为312.55W/m~2,最小为30.58 W/m~2;小嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统感热月均日变化最大值最大为161.86 W/m~2,最小为31.60 W/m~2;潜热最大为215.44 W/m~2;最小为14.08 W/m~2。(3)通过波文比分析发现,2种高寒嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统生长季能量分配以潜热为主,非生长季小嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统能量分配以感热为主,藏嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统则较为复杂。藏嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统全年能量平衡率为0.82,小嵩草湿草甸湿地生态系统为0.89,增加土壤热通量项能改善能量平衡状况。     

I群禽腺病毒血清4型广东株的分离鉴定及分子特性

[目的]对广东地区疑似心包积液–肝炎综合征患病鸡进行腺病毒分离鉴定并研究其分子特征.[方法]采集的病料样品,通过鸡胚有限稀释法经SPF鸡胚传代分离纯化病毒,进行致病性试验,并对病毒的hexon、fiber-2、ORF19和ORF29基因进行PCR扩增,分析其分子特征.[结果]hexon基因序列分析显示此次分离的毒株为Ⅰ群禽腺病毒血清4型(命名为WM-XC株),SPF鸡接种分离毒株后,致死率达90%,死亡鸡只出现明显的心包积液、肝炎等变化,肝脏病理切片可观察到明显的嗜酸性包涵体,显示分离毒株具有致病性.fiber-2基因序列同经典毒株ON1和KR5相应序列的相似性达96.1%和97.0%,与2015年以来国内分离的毒株序列相似性则达到100%;ORF29序列与2013年国内分离到的毒株JSJ13和JN13的相应序列相比存在33个碱基的缺失;WM-XC分离株与2015年以来国内分离毒株序列相同,但相比经典株ON1和KR-5,缺失ORF19序列.[结论]此次从广东地区分离到的血清4型Ⅰ群腺病毒,和近年国内其他地区分离的流行毒株一样,其fiber-2、ORF19和ORF29基因序列与经典毒株差异明显.     

贵州野核桃种子的表型多样性分析

为筛选具有文玩性状的野核桃,以贵州9份野核桃单株种子为试验材料,从坚果的横径、纵径、果形指数和3径均值等9个指标的变异性和相关性方面研究其种子的表型多样性。结果表明:种仁重变异系数最高,达29.90%;其次为出仁率和单果重,分别为15.92%和15.88%;壳厚最低,为3.79%;其他指标均有一定程度的变异。坚果的横径与侧径、3径均值,单果重与3径均值均呈极显著正相关;纵径与3径均值、单果重,侧径与3径均值,单果重与种仁重,种仁重与出仁率均呈显著正相关;壳厚与纵径、果形指数呈显著负相关;9份野核桃可聚为2类,其遗传距离存在明显差别。     

智慧旅游背景下旅游服务供应链模型构建及运行机制研究

旅游节点企业、旅游流、旅游物流、旅游服务信息流与资金流是旅游服务供应链的基本构成要素,其中旅游流是旅游服务供应链的最终归宿。智慧旅游的发展为旅游服务供应链的优化提供了条件,构建以旅游电子商务平台为旅游服务集成商并有效整合其他构成要素的智能化旅游服务供应链,能有效耦合旅游供需。通过优化预期损益值,旅游者和相关企业选择智能化旅游服务供应链的几率大大提高。智能化的整合机制、引导机制、协调机制、合作机制等保障了旅游服务供应链的高效运转,使精益旅游服务的提供及其与旅游需求的有效对接常态化。     

Simultaneous Pollutant Removal and Electricity Generation in a Combined ABR-MFC-MEC System Treating Fecal Wastewater

Simultaneous power generation and fecal wastewater treatment were investigated using a combined ABR-MFC-MEC system (anaerobic baffled reactor-microbial fuel cell-microbial electrolysis cell). The installation of multi-stage baffles can benefit retaining the suspended solids in the system and help separate the hydrolysis-acidification and the methanogen processes. The efficiencies of the nitrification-denitrification process were improved because of the weak current generation by coupling the microbial electrochemical device (MFC-MEC) with the ABR unit. Maximum removal rates for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH₄ ⁺-N) were 1.35 ± 0.05 kg COD/m³/day and 85.0 ± 0.4 g NH₄ ⁺-N/m³/day, respectively, while 45% of methane (CH₄), 9% of carbon dioxide (CO₂), and 45% of nitrogen gas (N₂) contents in volume ratio were found in the collected gas phase. An average surplus output voltage of 452.5 ± 10.5 mV could be achieved from the combined system, when the initial COD concentration was 1500.0 ± 20.0 mg/L and the initial NH₄ ⁺-N concentration was 110.0 ± 5.0 mg/L, while the effluent COD could reach 50.0 mg/L with an HRT of 48 h. The combined process has the potential to treat fecal wastewater efficiently with nearly zero energy input and a fair bio-fuel production.     

城市行道树生长衰弱原因探析及对策

从道路拓宽改造、临街门市人为损坏、融雪剂影响以及病虫害危害等四个方面分析了城市行道树生长衰弱的原因,提出了要从规划设计、加强对临街商铺和道路改造施工队伍管理、树势复壮、降低融雪剂危害和病虫害防治角度改善行道树生长环境,促进城市行道树良好生长,发挥其应有的生态调节功能。