硅对紫花苜蓿品质元素的影响

通过田间试验及实验室分析，结果表明，硅对紫花苜蓿分枝期和成熟期根瘤数的影响作用显著，但对粗蛋白含量影响不显著。施硅对紫花苜蓿在分枝期的钾含量影响不显著，对紫花苜蓿在现蕾期叶和茎的钾含量有影响，而硅对紫花苜蓿现蕾期根的钾含量没有影响。不同施硅量对紫花苜蓿分枝期地上和地下部分的钙含量有影响。随着施硅量的增加钙含量要高于对照。但其地下部分的钙含量随着施硅量的增加反而减少，而对紫花苜蓿在现蕾期叶、茎和根的钙含量影响不大。在紫花苜蓿叶片背面气孔部进行面扫描显示，随着硅量的增加，叶片背面气孔部位的硅、钙、铝、镁元素的相对含量也在增加，铁的含量在减少，钾的相对含量在低硅处理时增加，在中高硅量的处理时，变化不是很大，而磷的相对含量与施硅量的关系不明显。     

斯氏艾美耳球虫的致病性及病理学研究

用纯种斯氏艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊人工感染25只断奶幼兔,进行致病性和病理学研究。试验兔分为1个不感染对照组和4个感染组,各感染组每只幼兔分别口服感染2.0×103、1.0×104、5.0×104、2.5×105个孢子化卵囊。与对照组相比,接种2.0×103个和1.0×104个孢子化卵囊的两个感染组的平均病变记分、肝重指数、血清转氨酶活性有显著差异(P<0.05);接种5.0×104个和2.5×105个孢子化卵囊的两个感染组上述指标有极显著差异(P<0.01)。表明斯氏艾美耳球虫对幼兔具有很强的致病性,能导致严重的肝球虫病。     

绵羊体外成熟卵母细胞OPS法玻璃化冷冻保存试验

研究以EDFS30为玻璃化冷冻液,以卵母细胞解冻后孤雌激活和体外受精后的卵裂率、囊胚发育率作为评价指标,探讨了以OPS法玻璃化冷冻保存体外成熟绵羊卵母细胞的效果。结果表明:卵母细胞孤雌激活后的卵裂率,冷冻组(64.2%)显著(P<0.05)低于毒性组(76.7%)和对照组(79.1%),而毒性组和对照组无显著(P>0.05)差异;卵母细胞孤雌激活后的囊胚发育率,冷冻组(4.2%)和毒性组(5.8%)均显著(P<0.05)低于对照组(20.2%),毒性组和冷冻组无显著(P>0.05)差异;冷冻组和毒性试验组卵母细胞体外受精后的卵裂率和囊胚发育率(67.6%和7.1%;62.3%和9.1%)均显著低于对照组(78.4%和28.4%)(P<0.05),而毒性组和冷冻组无显著(P>0.05)差异。可见以EDFS30为玻璃化冷冻液,采用OPS法冷冻保存绵羊体外成熟卵母细胞会在一定程度上降低其受精能力和胚胎发育能力。     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离鉴定及其分子流行病学分析

为了弄清2006年在我国南方一些猪场暴发的一种以高热、高发病率和高死亡率为特征的传染病的病因,我们从12个省市48个发病猪场采集临床样品进行了猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)的分离鉴定和分子流行病学分析。结果显示从48个猪场样品中均检测出了PRRSV,通过完整的ORF5和部分Nsp2基因序列比较分析发现来自12个省市不同猪场的PRRSV高度同源,而且在Nsp2基因上都有两个相同位点的缺失;从分离的15株PRRSV中选择湖南分离株HuN4人工感染5头60日龄的健康猪,结果5头猪分别在7 d～21 d内全部死亡,感染猪的临床症状和现地所见十分相似。本次试验结果表明新出现的以Nsp2基因部分缺失为特征的PRRSV对猪是高致病性的,可能是2006年大部分猪场暴发"高热综合症"的主要病因。     

苹果新品种‘红锦富’

 ‘红锦富’是‘长富2号’富士苹果的早熟芽变新品系，与‘长富2号’相比果实成熟期提前约45 d，早果，丰产，稳产，适应性强，果形端正，萼洼处果锈少，耐贮性好。     

Effect of uric acid on the maturation and the biological function of BMDCs

AIM: To investigate the effect of uric acid on the maturation and the biological function of murine bone-marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro.METHODS: BMDCs were cultured with GM-CSF, IL-4, LPS and uric acid. Cell phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry. MTT was used to detect the effect of uric acid on the function of BMDCs in stimulating the proliferation of T cells. IL-12 released by BMDCs was also detected. RESULTS: BMDCs were cultured and identified. Uric acid at concentrations of 200 mg/L and 400 mg/L increased the expression of the molecules (CD11c, CD83, CD86, IA/IE) on BMDCs surface and the IL-12 level in the culture supernatants (P<0.05), promoted the proliferation of T cells at the T: DC rate 5∶1, 10∶1, 20∶1 (P<0.05). However, uric acid at concentration of 70 mg/L had no effect on above molecule expression (P>0.05), no effect on T cell proliferation with BMDCs (P>0.05) was observed. CONCLUSION: Uric acid promotes the differentiation, maturation, the expression of co-stimulatory molecules, the IL-12 production in BMDCs and enhances the ability of BMDCs to stimulate the proliferation of T cell in a specical dose range.     

UV-B radiation increases paraquat tolerance of two broad-leaved and two grass weeds in relation to changes in herbicide absorption and photosynthesis

Depletion of the protective ozone layer in the atmosphere leads to increasing UV‐B radiation on the earth's surface with potential effects on the response of plants to different stresses. Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus retroflexus, Digitaria sanguinalis and Chloris virgata are common weeds encountered in most arable fields in China. The effectiveness of herbicides used in controlling these weeds needs to be evaluated with increased UV‐B radiation. Seedlings of these four weeds were therefore grown under ambient and elevated UV‐B radiation to compare the efficacy of paraquat, a commonly used contact herbicide. Irrespective of species sensitivity to radiation, the elevated UV‐B radiation decreased the effectiveness of paraquat. Net photosynthesis rate was adversely affected except for D. sanguinalis, while the chlorophyll content was significantly reduced in A. retroflexus and C. virgata. UV‐B treatment increased the leaf surface wax and decreased the absorption of ¹⁴C‐paraquat in A. theophrasti, D. sanguinalis and C. virgata. These results suggest that the response of weeds to paraquat or the use of the herbicide may be affected by increased UV‐B radiation, to the extent that larger doses may be required to achieve desired effects. This may have damaging consequences for the environment.     

秀山县治理稻飞虱的植保工作实践与思考

秀山县稻飞虱自20世纪60年代以来,上升为水稻最主要的害虫,成为全国稻飞虱常年重灾县之一。近年来通过深入研究和有效治理,其发生为害得到很好控制,形成重发生而最终造成的损失小。为此,笔者在总结治理经验的同时,对新时期稻飞虱的治理提出了建议。     

花尾榛鸡的救助方法

花尾榛鸡是国家Ⅱ级保护动物，由于非法盗猎、天敌的侵害、严寒的影响，使花尾榛鸡受到伤害，因此需要采取多种方法进行人为救助。     

The coat proteins and putative movement proteins of isolates of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus from different host species and geographic origins are extensively conserved

A complete sequence for the RNA 3 of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) is described (Genbank Accession U57046). Primers from this sequence were used to amplify both the movement protein and coat protein genes of 3 other isolates of PNRSV originating from different host species and geographic locations. Comparisons of these sequences with those of other published sequences for PNRSV and the closely related apple mosaic virus (ApMV) showed that both the movement proteins and coat proteins of isolates of PNRSV are extensively conserved irrespective of either the original host or the geographic origin. The movement protein and coat protein of ApMV and PNRSV are sufficiently conserved to suggest that these two viruses may have evolved from a common ancestor. The amino acid sequence of the two coat proteins shows areas of similarity and difference that would explain the serological continuum reported to occur among isolates of these two viruses. Nevertheless, the movement protein and coat protein of the two viruses are sufficiently different so that ApMV and PNRSV should be considered to be distinct viruses.