A Method for State Diagnosis of Grounding Grid

This paper discuses the method with which the corrosion of the grounding grid can be diagnosed .A grounding grid can handled as a circuit network. With the application of circuit network graph theory and the fault diagnosis theory of analog circuit and optimization, the fault diagnosis equations can be set up. This equations is figured out by Matlab, and the corrosion status of the grounding grid can be deduced from the result.     

六堡茶茶褐素体外降脂功效研究

考察六堡茶茶褐素体外结合胆酸盐能力、抑制胰脂肪酶活性及胆固醇酯酶活性能力、吸附胆固醇及油脂能力,从而评价其体外降脂活性。研究结果显示,六堡茶茶褐素对花生油的吸附量为0.73 g·g^-1,对胆固醇的吸附量在酸性条件下为122.42 mg·g^-1、中性条件下为13.68 mg·g^-1;在茶褐素结合胆酸盐的试验中,随着茶褐素浓度的增加,与胆酸盐结合能力也呈上升趋势;茶褐素对胰脂肪酶起激活作用,且随着浓度的增加呈持续上升趋势;对胆固醇酯酶活性抑制IC₅₀值为57.2 mg·mL^-1。六堡茶茶褐素降脂机制可能主要通过与胆酸盐结合、吸附胆固醇和脂肪来实现。     

聚对氯苯胺修饰电极的制作及应用研究

通过对聚对氯苯胺膜修饰电极的制作和实验特性的研究,发现聚对氯苯胺膜表面均匀、光滑、牢固,在pH3～11范围内均有响应,测定的重现性好。电极使用长久且稳定性高。该电极和参比电极可直接插入家兔等活体内测定血乳酸的变化情况,对生命科学的活体检测和诊断有其实用意义。     

基于MATLAB的搅拌机蜗杆传动的优化设计

分析了HWL搅拌机目前存在的主要问题.在满足搅拌机工作要求的情况下,通过选取合理的设计变量和确定约束函数,建立了以蜗杆传动中心距为研究对象的优化设计数学模型,并用MATLAB算法进行了求解.计算结果表明:新的设计方案使蜗杆传动的中心距下降了20%,能缩短蜗杆传动零部件的采购周期,从而节省大量原材料和生产成本.     

高产、优质、抗病玉米杂交种沈单13号选育及应用

沈单13号（原沈9708）是沈阳市农业科学院以自选系沈137为母本，沈2805为父本组配而成的玉米杂交种，该品种属中晚熟品种，1999－2000年在各级各类区域试验中表现高产，稳产，抗病，抗倒，耐旱，适应性强，一般产量9000kg/hm2以上，适在辽宁大部及河北，山东省地种植。     

日粮硒水平对虹鳟肌肉蛋白质自噬性降解的影响

为了探究日粮硒水平对虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)肌肉生长和肌肉蛋白质自噬性降解的影响, 以酵母硒为硒源, 配制 3 种硒水平的日粮: 缺硒(DSe, 0 mg/kg)、足量硒(ASe, 4.0 mg/kg)、过量硒(ESe, 16.0 mg/kg), 对虹鳟进行 10 周的养殖实验。结果表明, DSe 和 ESe 组虹鳟的增重率、肌纤维直径与肌肉蛋白质含量显著低于 ASe 组(P＜0.05)。 此外, DSe 和 ESe 组虹鳟肌肉中自噬相关基因(Atg4b、Atg12l、LC3B、Atg13、Atg7、Atg5)的表达量显著高于 ASe 组(P＜0.05); 并且其自噬标志物肌肉微管相关蛋白轻链 3-II (LC3-II)的水平相对于 ASe 组显著升高, 而 P62 的含量显著降低(P＜0.05)。同时对自噬的上游调节通路蛋白激酶 B-雷帕霉素靶蛋白(Akt-TOR)通路进行了检测, 发现日粮硒的缺乏和过量均显著抑制了虹鳟肌肉中 Akt 和 TOR 的磷酸化水平, 降低了 Akt-TOR 通路的活性。对腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶 α(AMPKα)的磷酸化分析也表明, DSe 和 ESe 组虹鳟肌肉的 AMPK 活性显著升高。在对虹鳟肌肉氧化状态的分析中也发现 DSe和 ESe组的虹鳟肌肉中丙二醛(MDA)和脂质过氧化物(LPO)的含量显著增加, 表明其肌肉氧化应激加剧, 这可能是日粮硒影响 Akt-TOR 和 AMPK 通路的一种途径。综上所述, 日粮硒的缺乏和过量通过抑制 Akt-TOR 的活性, 激活 AMPK 通路, 促进了虹鳟肌肉蛋白质的自噬性降解, 本研究结果为进一步研究硒对鱼类肌肉生长的调控机制奠定了基础。     

发芽绿豆苗的生理指标和抗氧化特性对邻苯二甲酸酯的响应特征

Single phytotoxicity of two representative phthalate esters （PAEs）, di-n-butyl phthalate （DnBP） and bis（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP）, was tested in mung bean （Vigna radiata） seedlings germinated for 72 h in soils spiked with varying concentrations （0-500 mg kg-1 soil） of DnBP or DEHP. PAEs added at up to 500 mg kg-1 soil exerted no significant effect on germination but both pollutants significantly inhibited root elongation （P 〈 0.01）; DEHP inhibited shoot elongation （P 〈 0.01） and DnBP depressed biomass on a fresh weight basis （P 〈 0.05）. Seedling shoot and root malondialdehyde （MDA） Contents tended to be stimulated by DnBP but inhibited by DEHP. However, increases in superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities, as well as glutathione （GSH） content, were induced at higher concentrations （e.g., 20 mg kg-1） of both compounds. Accumulation of proline in both roots and shoots and the storage compounds, such as free amino acids and total soluble sugars, in whole plant was induced under the stress exerted by both PAEs. The general responses of mung bean seedlings indicated higher toxicity of DnBP than DEHP on primary growth, during which root elongation was a more responsive index. MDA and GSH were more sensitive parameters in the roots than in the shoots and they might be recommended as physiologically sensitive parameters to assess the toxicity of PAE compounds in soils in future long-term studies.     

长江三角洲地区污泥中多环芳烃的污染研究

To ascertain the contaminated conditions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in sludge and to evaluate the risk of application of this sludge for agricultural purposes, 44 sludge samples obtained from 15 cities in the Yangtze River Delta area of China were investigated using capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （GC/MS） after ultrasonic extraction and silica gel cleanup. PAHs＇ contents ranged from 0.0167 to 15.4860 mg kg^-1 （dry weight, DW） and averaged 1.376 mg kg^-1, with most samples containing 〈 1.5 mg kg^-1. Pyrene （PY）, fluoranthene （FL）, benzo[b]fluoranthene （BbF）, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene （IND）, benzo[a]pyrene （B[a]P）, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene （BghiP） were the most dominant compounds, ranging from 0.1582 to 0.2518 mg kg^-1. Single PAH, such as naphthalene （NAP, 2-benzene rings）, phenanthrene （PA, 3-benzene rings）, PY （4-benzene rings）, and FL （3-benzene rings）, had high detection rates （76.1%-93.5%）. The distribution patterns of PAHs were found to vary with the sludge samples; however, the patterns showed that a few compounds with 2- and 3-benzene rings were commonly found in the samples, whereas those with 4-, 5-, and 6-benzene rings were usually less commonly found. All the 44 sludge samples were within the B[a]P concentration limit for sludge applied to agricultural land in China （〈 3.0 rag kg^-1）. The probable sources of PAH contamination in the sludge samples were petroleum, petroleum products, and combustion of liquid and solid fuel. The concentrations and distributions of the 16 PAHs in sludge were related to sludge type, source, and treatment technology, together with the physicochemical properties.     

基于响应面法的杨树桑黄菌种液体培养基优化

杨树桑黄(Sanghuangporus vaninii)作为大型药用真菌,由于其生长年限长且开发不合理,导致其资源短缺,而通过液体发酵培养可以在短时间内得到大量菌丝体.本试验以菌丝体生物量为主要指标,对杨树桑黄液体培养基进行优化.通过响应面分析法对杨树桑黄液体培养基的碳源、氮源、无机盐进行筛选.结果表明:杨树桑黄ST菌...     

夹竹桃提取物对松材线虫致死性的研究

用夹竹桃的树皮和树叶的酒精提取物和水提取物对松材线虫有很强的毒性,尤其是叶片的水提取物对松材线虫的杀伤性极强。这对利用植物提取液来毒杀松材线虫提供了一个初步的结论。