杂交水稻强化栽培不同措施的增产效应研究

用穗重型杂交水稻渝优11号为载体,研究探明了重庆地区强化栽培模式下本田底肥氮占总氮比例、栽插密度、施肥水平、栽插叶龄等栽培措施对稻谷单产及经济性状的影响;筛选出了各因子水平的优化组合A2B3C1D2,初步提出了重庆地区强化栽培的技术规程:纯氮的70%作底肥、每hm2栽12万窝、每hm2施纯N 105kg、叶龄为3.5叶时移栽的因子组合可以获得高产.     

优质高产大穗型玉米杂交种豫单101的选育

以自选系L17为母本,8085为父本杂交育成了优质、高产、多抗、大穗型玉米杂交种豫单101。2年省区试该品种平均产量8 542.50 kg/hm2,比对照增产11.7%,籽粒粗蛋白含量11.78%,粗脂肪3.81%,粗淀粉71.46%,赖氨酸0.33%,容重762 g/L。属高蛋白优质粮饲兼用型玉米新品种。     

Bt与EoNPV合理混配的筛选程序

苏云金杆菌（Bt）和核型多角体病毒（NPV）是活体微生物杀虫剂中应用最多的两种类型。为提高杀虫刹的防治效果,人们常将它们混合使用,如Bt与茶尺蠖核型多角体病毒（EoNPV）的混用。实践表明,混用后与单用相比,杀虫速度和广谱性均比NPV提高;其药效的均衡性和持久性也比它们分别单用有所改善。为了使这些功能特性标准化和技术手段规范化,我们拟进行Bt与EoNPV合理混配筛选程序的研究,采用时间效率（如联合时效系数）和剂量效率（如共毒系数）等方面的多种量化指标,试图对混剂理想配比作出综合判断。     

猪瘟病毒野毒株TaqMan-MGB荧光定量PCR、鉴别方法的建立与应用

 【目的】建立一种快速、敏感、特异地检测猪瘟病毒野毒的一步TaqMan-MGB 荧光定量PCR方法,为临床鉴别猪瘟野毒和HCLV疫苗毒提供了准确可靠的工具。【方法】在猪瘟病毒基因组5′端非编码保守区设计一对猪瘟病毒通用引物和一条特异性MGB探针,通过优化,得到最佳反应体系和反应条件,进行特异性、灵敏度和临床样本符合检验。【结果】该方法在100～10-7范围内线性相关系数为0.998,检测极限达5.3×10-2pg 病毒核酸;对24个质控样本检测结果显示,该方法能检测除猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗（HCLV）以外的猪瘟流野毒株,其它猪相关致病病原检测阴性;对122份疑似猪瘟样本检测的结果与本实验室建立的RT-nPCR方法的符合率为94.3％（115/122）,阳性和阴性符合率分别为86.4％（38/44）和98.7％（77/78）,Kappa值为0.87＞0.75。【结论】建立的一步TaqMan-MGB 荧光定量PCR方法能鉴别猪瘟野毒和HCLV疫苗毒,且特异性好、灵敏度高、与笔者先前建立的RT-nPCR方法对临床样本的检测结果具有高度的一致性。     

羽衣甘蓝×芥菜型油菜种间杂种再生和染色体加倍

以羽衣甘蓝和芥菜型油菜种间杂种(ZH201)(2=3x=ABC=27)为试验材料,以花序轴,果柄和子房为外植体,采用不同处理对其进行再生研究;对获得的再生试管苗用秋水仙素和二甲基亚砜进行处理,比较不同因素对染色体加倍的影响;对获得的三倍体和六倍体植株进行形态学和细胞学比较.结果表明:杂种植株再生频率从高到低依次为果柄、子房、花序轴,将外植体直接接种到分化培养基(MS+0.2 NAA+3.0 mg/L 6 BA 3.0 mg/L+5.0 mg/L AgNO3+0.6 mg/L GA3)上再生频率最高.在染色体加倍处理方面,以100 mg/L秋水仙素处理根尖24 h效果最好,获得的六倍体植株与三倍体相比,花朵颜色较深,花瓣较大,花药饱满,荚果能够正常生长,获得部分种子.在细胞学上,三倍体植株在花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ存在着大量单价体,后期Ⅰ、后期Ⅱ发现有大量染色体落后现象.六倍体植株中在花粉母细胞减数分裂后期Ⅰ、后期Ⅱ也发现有染色体落后现象,但是落后染色体比三倍体少.

Abstract：

Rachises, pedicels and ovaries from the interspecific hybrid ZH201 (2n= 3X=ABC=27) between Brassica oleracea var. acephala and B. juncea were used as explants and cultured on different media to study their frequency of regeneration. The regenerated plantlets were treated with colchicine or Dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO) to compare their effect on chromosome doubling and to obtain hexaploid plants. The morphological and cytological characteristics of the triploid and hexaploid plants were compared. The results showed that plantlet regeneration frequency of the explants was in the order of pedicel ＞ ovary ＞ rachis. The highest regeneration frequency was obtained when the explants were directly inoculated on the differentiation medium MS+0.2 mg/L NAA+3.0 mg/L 6-BA+ 5.0 mg/L AgNO3 +0.6mg/L GA3. The treatment of root meristem with 100 mg/L colchicine solution for 24 hours yielded the best results of chromosome doubling. Compared with their triploid counterparts, the hexaploid plants obtained had bigger petals with darker color and well-filled anther and normal pods and, as a result, yielded some seeds. In cytological examination, many univalent chromosomes were observed during meiosis metaphase I of pollen mother cells of the triploid plants and many lagging chromosomes during anaphase I and anaphase Ⅱ. Though lagging chromosomes were also detected during anaphase Ⅱ and anaphase Ⅱ of the hexaploid plants, their number was much smaller than that of the triploid plants.     

鄂西南山区珍稀濒危药用植物资源调查研究

报道了鄂西南山区32种国家级珍稀濒危药用植物资源,介绍了其保护级别、分布、生境、药用部位、药用价值及资源状况,并结合鄂西南山区珍稀药用植物的现状,对资源保护提出了建议.     

Design and Implementation of Agricultural Information Data-Delivery System Based on Web

Data-delivery of agricultural information is a very tedious work, traditional data-delivery patterns and methods can not meet the requirements of the practical work. This paper provided the design idea and implement method for data-delivery system of agricultural information based on Web. Report and data will be separated in this system, and the person can change template and data at any time on demand. The problem that report template and data fixed together would be solved. The agricultural information resources sharing would be also implemented.     

基于层次分析法的农产品经济效益评估

针对同类农作物不同品种的经济效益评估的经济评估体系,采用层次分析法对各品种确定收入与投入的组合权重,用组合权向量作商法得出相对经济效益Lo结合湖南江永县当地实际情况,对椪柑、夏橙、脐橙进行效益排序,比较各品种的相对经济效益L,为南方农村经济作物种植提供了参考,便于农户选择出最优品种.     

BP神经网络在水稻病虫害诊断中的应用研究

介绍了BP神经网络算法及编码的内涵,探讨了基于BP神经网络的水稻病虫害专家系统的构建。研究表明,BP神经网络在水稻病虫害诊断中具有较强的应用价值。     

重组猪α干扰素理化性状及其体外抗病毒活性研究

[目的]研究重组猪α干扰素（rPoIFN-α）半成品理化性状并对其体外抗病毒活性进行测试与鉴定。[方法]用HEp-2/VSV体系对3批rPoIFN-α蛋白进行抗病毒活性检测,以重组人IFN-α为参比品,测定干扰素效价;用0.25%胰蛋白酶HCl以及鼠抗猪α干扰素单克隆抗体作用已知效价的rPoIFN-α半成品,并检测各批次抗病毒活性,对rPoIFN-α理化性状进行评价;在猪肾细胞株（PK-15）上检测rPoIFN-α对猪细小病毒（PPV）和猪伪狂犬病毒（PRV）的致细胞病变抑制效应,观察rPoIFN-α的体外抗病毒活性。[结果]HEp-2/VSV体系滴定rPoIFN-α半成品效价可达1.5×105IU/ml,比活性达1.1×106IU/mg;rPoIFN-α经0.25%胰蛋白酶37℃作用1h,效价残留率低于1%,经HCl（pH=2.0）处理72h效价残留率高达95%以上,经56℃处理30min效价残留率高于47%,经鼠抗猪α干扰素单克隆抗体37℃作用1h后效价残留率约为1%;体外抗病毒试验表明,用50和500IU/mlrPoIFN-α可分别抑制PRV和PPV对PK-15细胞株致细胞病变效应。[结论]rPoIFN-α具有IFN-α的基本理化性状,其在体外可分别抑制PRV、PPV对PK-15细胞株致细胞病变效应,但剂量有差别。