Protective effect of C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 on vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia

AIM To study whether C1q/tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-related protein 3 （CTRP3）protect vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia and its potential mechanisms. METHODS An animal model of hyperuricemia was established by using male SD rats drinking 10% fructose water （n=10）. The rats drinking normal water served as normal controls （n=10）. After 12 weeks, the rats were given a single injection with Ad-CTRP3 or Ad-GFP. The experiment was ended at 14th day after transfection.The serum levels of uric acid and nitric oxide （NO） were evaluated. The serum contents of TNF-α and interleukin-6 （IL-6） were measured by ELISA. HE staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess the morphological changes of intima and apoptosis of endothelial cells in thoracic aorta, respectively. The mRNA levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS）, TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of CTRP3 and Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, the rats with hyperuricemia showed lower CTRP3 and higher TLR4 protein levels in the thoracic aorta （P<0.05）. Hyperuricemic rats had higher serum contents of uric acid, TNF-α and IL-6 （P<0.05）. Also, the intima structure disturbance of thoracic aorta, increased apoptotic rate, higher mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6 as well as lower mRNA levels of eNOS were observed （P<0.05）. By contrast, CTRP3 over-expression decreased TLR4 protein levels, reduced inflammatory cytokines, and obviously improved the morphology and function of thoracic aorta in the rats with hyperuricemia. CONCLUSION CTRP3 protect vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia maybe via down-regulation of TLR4- mediated inflammatory signaling pathway.     

Effects of oxidative stress and inflammatory response on kidney injury in mice with hyperthyroidism

AIM To explore the effects of oxidative stress and inflammatory response on kidney injury induced by hyperthyroidism in mice. METHODS Forty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group （n=20） and L-thyroxine （T4） group （n=20）. The mice in T4 group were intraperitoneally injected with T4 diluent at a dose of 1 mg/kg to induce hyperthyroidism, and those in control group were injected with normal saline of the same volume. After 7 weeks, the mice were weighed and dissected, the kidneys were removed and weighed, and the length of tibia was also measured. The activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） in the kidney tissues were detected. The pathological changes of the kidney tissues were observed by HE staining. The levels of 4-hydroxynonenal （4-HNE）-modified proteins, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 （IRAK1） and tumor necrosis factor receptor-related factor 6 （TRAF6） were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Compared with control group, the body weight of the mice was decreased, while the kidney size and weight were increased significantly in T4 group. In addition, the ratios of kidney weight/body weight and kidney weight/tibia length were also increased （P<0.05）. In T4 group, the renal tubules were enlarged, and the epithelial cells of renal tubules were swollen and exfoliated, with vacuolar degeneration. Furthermore, reduced SOD activity, and increased MDA content and 4-HNE-modified proteins were found in T4 group, all of which were related to oxidative stress （P<0.05）. The levels of inflammation-related proteins IRAK1 and TRAF6 were significantly increased in T4 group （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Excessive T4 may lead to kidney hypertrophy and injury in mice, and the mechanism may be related to oxidative stress and inflammatory response.     

高浓度铬对克氏原螯虾抗氧化酶系统的影响

采用毒性实验方法,研究了50mg·L~(-1)铬(Cr~(6 ))在14d内对克氏原螯虾鳃和肝胰腺抗氧化酶系统的影响。结果表明,肝胰腺比鳃的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量均要高。Cr6 对鳃和肝胰腺SOD和CAT活性的影响各异,鳃SOD活性先受抑制再被激活,最后再被抑制;而肝胰腺SOD活性始终受到抑制。鳃CAT活性先增高后下降,肝胰腺CAT活性先下降后上升,最后均下降至低于对照组。鳃和肝胰腺T-AOC随Cr~(6 )处理时间而出现的变化呈总体一致的趋势:在暴露的7d内,T-AOC与暴露时间呈正相关,在暴露14d后显著下降;而MDA含量几乎全部低于对照组。结果显示,肝胰腺比鳃对高浓度Cr~(6 )的毒性影响更为敏感,高浓度Cr~(6 )在短期内可能对抗氧化防御功能起促进作用;同时,高浓度下克氏原螯虾抗氧化能力的提高可能并非由抗氧化酶活性的提高引起,而主要通过调动机体的非酶促系统来完成。     

西南山地玉米育种新一轮骨干自交系SCML0849的选育与应用

20世纪末,针对西南区21世纪初及可见将来对玉米品种与产业发展的迫切要求,遵循“生态育种”的基本原理,并基于前期“温带种质优良自交系是选育西南玉米强优势杂交种的最重要亲本自交系”的研究结论,定向合成了“REID种质育种用群体”。通过紧密结合常规遗传育种方法与现代分子生物学技术,集成创新了以“配合力早期测定、目标区域与高密度种植鉴定、南北穿梭鉴定选择与钝化光周期反应、区域抗病抗逆特性一票否决”为主要内容的“特定生态区域育种骨干亲本的定向培育”技术体系,提高了优良自交系的选育效率,育成了集高配合力、高抗西南地区玉米病害与多种抗逆性、高产高效等优良性状于一体的玉米优良自交系SCML0849,组配育成了以川单99为代表的一批稳产高产、高抗多抗、资源高效的玉米强优势杂交种并大面积推广应用。     

不同时期一次性施肥对夏玉米产量和氮肥效率的影响

在河南省鹤壁和原阳采用田间试验,研究不施氮(CK)、种肥同播(T1)、5叶期一次性施肥(T2)和10叶期一次性施肥(T3),对夏玉米生长发育、氮素积累转运及产量的影响,明确夏玉米包膜尿素1∶1配施普通尿素适宜的一次性施肥时期。结果表明,鹤壁和原阳T1处理产量最高,分别为12 700 kg/hm²和10 945 kg/hm²,但与T2处理间差异不显著,较T3处理分别提高14.2%和10.9%;干物质积累量较其他处理分别提高5.6%～25.1%和1.6%～21.2%。不同生育期T1处理叶片SPAD值和叶面积指数均达最高。鹤壁和原阳T1氮肥表观利用率最高,分别为35.2%和35.5%,较其他处理分别提高5.6～14.7个百分点和3.2～13.6个百分点;氮素积累量较其他施氮处理分别提高13.8%～34.5%和14.5%～41.5%。T1处理土壤氮素依存率低于T2和T3处理。综上,种肥同播提高了夏玉米产量、氮肥效率、叶片SAPD值和叶面积指数,保持较高的氮素吸收速率,降低了土壤氮依存率,满足夏玉米整个生育期的氮素需求,实现了夏玉米高产和高效施肥。     

植物源杀菌剂大黄素甲醚对烟草病毒病的防治效果

为明确大黄素甲醚对烟草病毒病的防治效果,最佳施药时期及施用量。以0.1%大黄素甲醚水剂为试验药剂,8%宁南霉素水剂和20%盐酸吗啉胍可湿性粉剂为对照,开展田间小区试验。结果表明,0.1%大黄素甲醚水剂于移栽定植期施药防效最好,高浓度达62.81%,中、高浓度即制剂量80克/亩、100克/亩的防效与对照药剂均无显著性差异。田间观察发现大黄素甲醚对烟草有一定促生长作用。     

重庆市潼南区水土流失重点防治区划分研究

水土流失重点防治区划分是水土保持规划的重要组成部分.在重庆市市级水土流失重点防治区划分的基础上,结合潼南区实际情况,以村为基本划分单元,运用ArcGIS空间分析工具,采用定量指标与定性指标相结合的方法,建立专题图层数据库,采用空间分析法进行了潼南区水土流失重点防治区划分,确定重点预防区面积为112.41 km2、重点治...     

皱纹盘鲍脏器多糖的分离纯化及鉴定

利用碱性蛋白酶从皱纹盘鲍脏器中提取多糖,采用胃蛋白酶和Sevag相结合的方法脱除蛋白质;经Sephadex G-100凝胶柱层析和DEAE-cellu lose 52离子交换层析分离纯化得到AHP-2;AHP-2经高效液相色谱和比旋光度法鉴定其为均一性多糖;紫外扫描无蛋白质的特征吸收峰;红外光谱分析,AHP-2具有典型的多糖吸收峰和硫酸基吸收峰;凝胶色谱法测定其分子量为10 000~15 000;化学组成分析表明,AHP-2是硫酸酯多糖,硫酸根含量11.55%;气相色谱测定单糖组成为鼠李糖、岩藻糖、木糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖,其摩尔比Rha∶Fuc∶Xyl∶Gal∶G lu=6.7∶2.0∶3.9∶7.4∶1.0。     

一株副溶血弧菌的分离和鉴定

从患病的凡纳滨对虾体内分离了一株致病菌。对该菌进行了常规的生理生化鉴定,确认该菌为副溶血弧菌;该菌在第6 h就进入对数早期,对数期一直持续到22 h;用该菌腹腔注射小白鼠,对小白鼠半数致死量LD50为7.6×106cfu/g。     

毛竹入侵对落叶阔叶林土壤理化性质和胞外酶活性的影响

【目的】研究毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis）入侵亚热带北缘落叶阔叶林对土壤理化性质和土壤胞外酶活性的影响,为探究毛竹入侵条件下森林生态系统养分循环过程与固碳潜力及森林的毛竹入侵治理提供科学依据。【方法】在毛竹入侵样带上,选择落叶阔叶林（麻栎林Quercus acutissima）、竹阔混交林（混交林）和毛竹林3种林分为研究对象,采集其林下地表0~10 cm土壤,进行土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性的测定,包括土壤pH、含水率和有机碳、全氮、NH⁺₄-N、NO^-₃-N、全磷、有效磷含量,以及β-葡糖苷酶（BG）、β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、亮氨酸氨基肽酶（LAP）、酸性磷酸酶（AcP）、酚氧化物酶（POX）、过氧化物酶（PER）活性和酶计量(V_C/N、V_N/P、V_C/P),比较不同林分的土壤指标。【结果】①随着毛竹入侵,毛竹林土壤pH值和含水率显著增大,且与混交林、麻栎林差异显著（P<0.05）;其土壤有机碳、NO^-₃-N和全氮含量显著下降（P<0.05）,NH⁺₄-N、有效磷和全磷含量与混交林、麻栎林差异不显著。②土壤碳、氮和磷循环相关的水解酶（BG、NAG+LAP、AcP）活性均随毛竹入侵呈下降趋势,氧化酶（POX、PER）活性变化趋势与之相反;酶计量分析表明,毛竹林土壤的V_N/P显著低于混交林和麻栎林（P＜0.05）,而V_C/N、V_C/P在不同林分间差异不显著。③酶活性的矢量分析表明,毛竹林土壤微生物的磷限制程度高于混交林和麻栎林。④土壤水解酶活性与土壤有机碳、NO^-₃-N、全氮、有效磷含量或pH有显著相关关系,氧化酶活性与土壤性质相关性总体不显著。【结论】毛竹林取代落叶阔叶林（麻栎林）后,土壤有机碳和养分含量及相关水解酶活性降低,不利于原有落叶阔叶林土壤碳库与养分库的保存。