Effect of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Intestinal Structure of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on growth performance,immune function and intestinal structure of broilers. A total of 270 one-day-old healthy Tiejiaoma broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate.Control group was fed with the basal diet,group Ⅱ was fed with basal diet adding 8% flavomycin 60 mg/kg +15% aureomycin 270 mg/kg and group Ⅲ was fed with basal diet adding 1% Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara. The trial period lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follow:① At 21 days of age,the average daily feed intake of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the average daily gain and F/G among the three groups (P>0.05).②At 21 days of age,the thymus and bursa of Fabricius indexes of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05);But the spleen index were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).③ At 21 days of age,the content of IgA and IgM in serum of groups Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IgG in serum of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05).④At 21 days of age,the content of IL-2,TNF-α and sIgA in intestinal mucosa of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IL-6 in intestinal mucosa of group Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).⑤At 21 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),the villus height/crypt depth of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). However,the crypt depth was not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).In conclusion,that Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara could not affect the growth performance of broilers,but it could improve the development of immune organs,increase the secretion of serum immunoglobulin, promote the immune function of intestinal mucosa and intestinal morphology of jejunum.     

高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖对雌性大鼠生殖机能的影响

选用22d断奶SD大鼠高频饮用牛奶或葡萄糖40d,分别记录各组动物的阴道开张时间和阴道黏液、每周日增重、卵巢及子宫所占体重百分比、血糖水平,收集卵巢进行组织学处理以观察卵泡发育情况,探讨高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖对雌性大鼠初情期的影响.结果显示,奶组和糖组大鼠较对照组阴道开张时间来得早,预示初情期可能提前,而且,奶组和糖组大鼠的卵巢占体重百分比较对照组高(P＜0.05).牛奶组血糖水平比对照组高,但糖组与对照组血糖水平差异不显著.通过对卵巢进行石蜡切片、HE染色及卵泡计数,结果显示:奶组的闭锁卵泡、每张切片卵泡总平均数都比对照组多(P＜0.05),而葡萄糖组的黄体数比对照组少(P＜0.05).试验表明高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖可对性成熟前雌性大鼠的生殖机能产生一定影响.     

乳及乳制品中三聚氰胺检测方法的研究进展

本文综述乳及乳制品中三聚氰胺的分析检测方法,对其优缺点进行分析比较,并对前处理过程中出现的问题进行讨论.     

凋亡素基因真核表达载体的构建及在人肿瘤细胞中的表达

为探讨凋亡素对肿瘤的基因治疗效果,构建了凋亡素基因的真核表达载体。将凋亡素基因重组入 ｐｃ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ３ 载体,并通过脂质体介导凋亡素在人喉癌、人肺癌细胞系中表达;通过 Ｒ Ｔ Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 在转染细胞中检测到了凋亡素的 ｍ Ｒ Ｎ Ａ,这为应用凋亡素进行肿瘤的基因治疗奠定了基础。     

高效毛细管电泳同时测定4种氟喹诺酮类抗菌药

建立同时测定4种氟喹诺酮类抗菌物(左氧氟沙星、培氟沙星、沙拉沙星和洛美沙星)的高效毛细管电泳(HPCE)法。考察了缓冲液离子浓度和pH、分离电压、运行温度等电泳参数,确立了最佳的电泳条件:缓冲液为10 mmol/L磷酸二氢钾-20 mmol/L硼砂(pH9.0,内含35mmol/L SDS),紫外检测波长278 nm,分离电压28 kV,运行温度25℃。结果表明,4种药物在8min内得到完全分离,分离度R为1.2以上。方法精密度(RSD)为0.22%~0.26%(迁移时间)和1.36%~2.39%(峰面积),回收率99.60%以上。该法快速、简便、准确。     

野外放归大熊猫肠道菌群变化的研究

对四川卧龙中国保护大熊猫研究中心的一只野外放归亚成体大熊猫肠道菌群的组成和季节变化规律进行了研究,同时与其圈养双胞胎兄弟的肠道菌群进行了比较。从放归大熊猫粪便中分离出17种肠道菌,优势菌群为肠杆菌、肠球菌和乳杆菌。与圈养大熊猫相比,放归大熊猫肠道菌群中优势菌群的种类未发生改变,但是肠球菌数量增加,肠杆菌和乳杆菌的数量减少。研究发现放归大熊猫肠道菌群中的肠杆菌和肠球菌的数量随季节变化有较大波动,乳杆菌的数量随季节变化波动不大;而圈养大熊猫三种优势菌的数量随季节变化波动都不大。     

蛋白质饲料木聚糖含量及其体外酶解效果研究

本文通过体外酶解试验,考察木聚糖酶对豆粕、菜籽粕和棉籽粕的总木聚糖和水溶性木聚糖的降解效果,试图建立木聚糖酶与不同蛋白质饲料种类的定量关系.试验结果表明:①不同蛋白质饲料的总木聚糖和水溶性木聚糖的含量不同,豆粕、菜籽粕和棉籽粕的总木聚糖含量分别为5.62%、6.56%和8.20%;水溶性木聚糖含量分别为0.35%、0.97%和0.84%;②不同来源的3种蛋白质饲料的总木聚糖和水溶性木聚糖含量变异较小.在适宜的水环境中,菜籽粕的水溶性木聚糖含量显著增加,豆粕和棉籽粕的水溶性木聚糖变化不大;③木聚糖酶对3种蛋白质饲料的总木聚糖均有显著降解作用,对水溶性木聚糖有一定的降解作用,其中对菜籽粕的总木聚糖和水溶性木聚糖的降解作用均较大;以总木聚糖酶为标识,结合考虑成本,豆粕、菜籽粕、棉籽粕的适宜添加木聚糖酶水平分别为1 000、1 000和1 500 U/kg.     

7种能量饲料淀粉降解率的研究

以6头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的浏阳去势黑山羊为实验动物,利用瘤胃尼龙袋技术研究大麦、大米、高粱、荞麦、小麦、小米、玉米等7种常用谷物饲料淀粉在羊瘤胃内的降解率规律。结果表明各种饲料淀粉有效降解率(%)顺序为:大麦>小麦>玉米>大米>荞麦>高粱>小米。其中以大麦的淀粉有效降解率最高达97.05%,小米的最小为36.43%,其它依次为96.28%、55.37%、45.23%、44.10%、42.58%。     

CS02型干丝绵机的研究报告

针对普通干丝绵机台时产量低 ,锡林针滚两端被丝绵“抱轴” ,绵坯中未开松绵球较多等缺点 ,用提高锡林针滚和进料齿轮轴转速及设置手刹装置、机腔内设置导轨和毛刷等方法 ,进行了改进设计。这种新型干丝绵机的性能测试结果表明 :丝绵机锡林针滚线速度 2 3 4m/s,进料齿轮轴线速度 0 0 16 8m/s,单台生产率 7～ 7 5kg/h ,是国内同类机型台时产量的 2 2 6～ 2 34倍 ;锡林针滚在半圆形空间轨道中抓取精干绵 ,锡林针滚两端光轴微量缠绵 ;合理的芯皮等混合流导向腔体 ,使吸附在绵坯中未开松绵球≤ 10个 /m2 ;设有手刹装置 ,使大线速度的锡林针滚在2～ 3s内止动 ,提高了单位时间内的生产率。     

日本结缕草ZjNAC1的克隆、转录激活活性、亚细胞定位及表达分析

采用RACE技术从日本结缕草中克隆得到ZjNAC1转录因子(GenBank No. MH428376),其开放阅读框为945bp,编码314个氨基酸。ZjNAC1编码的蛋白在N端有1个典型的NAM保守结构域,属于NAC转录因子家族。通过染色体步移的方法,获得ZjNAC1基因ATG上游1635bp序列,分析发现其包含响应脱落酸(ABA)、茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)及逆境胁迫的作用元件。构建pGBKT7-ZjNAC1载体,转化Y2HGold酵母感受态细胞,发现ZjNAC1具有转录激活活性。农杆菌介导的35S-ZjNAC1-YFP载体注射本生烟草叶片瞬时表达结果显示,ZjNAC1定位于细胞核。实时荧光定量结果表明,ZjNAC1在日本结缕草根中表达量最高;此外,ZjNAC1的表达受10μmol/L MeJA和20%PEG4000处理的诱导,但受200μmol/L乙烯(ET)、10μmol/L ABA和300mmol/L NaCl处理的抑制。