我国REDD+行动的测量、报告和核查体系

对《UNFCCC》缔约方会议关于REDD+行动可测量、可报告和可核查的相关规定进行解读;分析现阶段我国实现REDD+行动可测量、可报告和可核查目标的难点和重点;提出适合我国国情的REDD+行动类型;建立以目的、实施状况、对可持续发展和消除贫困的贡献、环境效果、可持续性和成本有效性为普遍性指标的我国REDD+行动的测量、报告和核查体系框架.     

天门冬多糖对猪脾淋巴细胞体外增殖的影响

试验旨在研究不同浓度的天门冬多糖(ASP),在ConA或LPS的协同刺激下对猪脾淋巴细胞体外增殖的影响。猪脾淋巴细胞体外培养体系中加入不同浓度的天门冬多糖使其终浓度为400、200、100、50、25、12.5μg/ml,在ConA(5μg/ml)或者LPS(10μg/ml)的协同刺激作用下,细胞培养24、48、72 h时,观察猪脾淋巴细胞增殖情况。结果表明,天门冬多糖及其协同ConA或LPS能显著或极显著的促进猪脾淋巴细胞体外增殖(P<0.05或P<0.01)。     

淹水胁迫对南五味子和海南红豆幼苗光合特性的影响

对南五味子和海南红豆的1年生实生苗在不同淹水时间下的叶片的光合特性进行了研究。结果表明:随着淹水时间的持续,南五味子幼苗的净光合速率(Pn)小幅波动后升高,而气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)先降后升,至淹水20 d时各指标均高于对照;海南红豆幼苗的Pn、Gs、Ci、Tr先降后升,至淹水20 d没有恢复到对照水平;2种幼苗的气孔限制值(Ls)均为先升高后下降;南五味子和海南红豆都有一定的抗涝性,前者具有更强的耐淹水能力。     

氮肥用量对芸豆叶绿素含量和子粒营养品质影响的研究

以4个不同芸豆品种为材料,设5个氮肥处理,研究了不同施氮用量对芸豆功能叶片叶绿素含量和子粒营养品质的影响.结果表明,4个芸豆品种功能叶片叶绿素含量随着生育期的推进呈单峰曲线变化,在结荚期达到峰值;施纯氮30kg/hm2可以有效地提高叶绿素含量.品芸2号和龙芸4号子粒蛋白质含量随着结荚后天数增加呈双峰曲线变化,峰值分别出现在结荚后21d和35d;英国红和龙芸6号子粒蛋白含量呈单峰曲线变化,峰值出现在结荚后28d;在结荚过程中品芸2号、龙芸6号和龙芸4号的N30处理子粒蛋白质含量最高,而英国红则在N45处理时最高.从芸豆子粒营养品质方面来说,N30处理对于蛋白质、直连淀粉、支链淀粉、总淀粉和粗脂肪的影响效果较好.     

新疆海岛棉育种现状及存在问题

通过对新疆海岛棉从20世纪50年代初至今的品种更新演替情况及近10年自育海岛棉品种主要性状分析,总结了目前海岛棉科研育种现状,指出了海岛棉育种存在的问题与研究方向.     

植物的诱导抗虫性表现机制与影响因素

综述了国内外植物诱导抗虫性的研究进展,分析了诱导抗性的表现机制以及诱导抗虫性的影响因素,并对今后研究的趋势进行了简单的阐述。     

银屑胶囊联合阿维A胶囊治疗寻常性银屑病临床疗效和安全性的Meta分析

目的 系统评价银屑胶囊联合阿维A胶囊治疗寻常性银屑病的临床疗效和安全性。方法 检索数据库包括：PubMed、Embase、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、维普、万方数据库等,关键词采用"疗效"银屑胶囊"和"银屑病",定年限为2000年1月至2018年12月,由两位研究者按照纳入排除标准独立筛选文献,进行文献质量评估和数据提取,结果采用Rev Man 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入7篇文献,共涉及660例患者。Meta分析结果显示,在有效性方面,银屑胶囊联合阿维A胶囊治疗寻常性银屑病的临床疗效优于单用阿维A胶囊,其60 d治愈率和60 d有效率的OR值分别为：2.21（95% CI：1.53~3.17）和2.66（95% CI：1.86~3.79）;在PASI评分方面,银屑胶囊联合阿维A胶囊治疗寻常性银屑病的PASI评分低于单用阿维A胶囊（SMD=-0.93,95% CI：-1.23~-0.62）;在血清炎症因子指标方面,银屑胶囊联合阿维A胶囊治疗寻常性银屑病的血清炎症因子IL-4、IL-10水平均高于单用阿维A胶囊：IL-4（SMD=0.83,95% CI：0.01,1.66）,IL-10（SMD=0.56,95% CI：0.28,0.84）;在安全性方面,除了鼻出血外,银屑胶囊联合阿维A胶囊治疗寻常性银屑病的眼干、皮肤干燥、毛囊炎、转氨酶升高、高脂血症等不良反应发生率均显著低于单用阿维A胶囊的情况。结论 银屑胶囊联合阿维A胶囊治疗寻常性银屑病安全有效,然而,确切结论有待于更多的高质量、多中心、大规模的随机对照研究证实。     

不同乳化剂对姜黄素乳液理化稳定性的影响

姜黄素具有许多生物活性功能,但较差的溶解度和稳定性限制了其在食品和医药领域的应用。为筛选出具有良好稳定性的姜黄素乳液,本研究以亚麻籽油为姜黄素的油相载体,经高压均质法制备出姜黄素乳液中研究卵磷脂、吐温-80、阿拉伯胶和乳清分离蛋白4种食品级乳化剂对姜黄素乳液的理化特性和贮藏稳定性的影响,从包埋率、浊度、粒径、电位等方面进行稳定性评价。结果表明,吐温-80稳定的姜黄素乳液中姜黄素包埋率较高(76.98%),浊度和平均粒径最小,分别为848.0 NTR、214.23±1.52 nm;同时在贮藏期内姜黄素乳液的平均粒径变化最小,增长不到1%,贮藏稳定性表现良好。同时,4℃低温条件下姜黄素保留率最高,达到88.02%。结果表明,选用吐温-80作为乳化剂,姜黄素乳液具有最好的溶解性和稳定性,这为今后姜黄素在食品工业中的广泛应用提供了新思路。     

Improvement,identification, and target prediction for miRNAs in the porcine genome by using massive,public high-throughput sequencing data

Despite the broad variety of available microRNA (miRNA) research tools and methods, their application to the identification, annotation, and target prediction of miRNAs in nonmodel organisms is still limited. In this study, we collected nearly all public sRNA-seq data to improve the annotation for known miRNAs and identify novel miRNAs that have not been annotated in pigs (Sus scrofa). We newly annotated 210 mature sequences in known miRNAs and found that 43 of the known miRNA precursors were problematic due to redundant/missing annotations or incorrect sequences. We also predicted 811 novel miRNAs with high confidence, which was twice the current number of known miRNAs for pigs in miRBase. In addition, we proposed a correlation-based strategy to predict target genes for miRNAs by using a large amount of sRNA-seq and RNA-seq data. We found that the correlation-based strategy provided additional evidence of expression compared with traditional target prediction methods. The correlation-based strategy also identified the regulatory pairs that were controlled by nonbinding sites with a particular pattern, which provided abundant complementarity for studying the mechanism of miRNAs that regulate gene expression. In summary, our study improved the annotation of known miRNAs, identified a large number of novel miRNAs, and predicted target genes for all pig miRNAs by using massive public data. This large data-based strategy is also applicable for other nonmodel organisms with incomplete annotation information.     

Factors Affecting Sensory Quality of Cooked japonica Rice

The sensory quality of cooked rice is an important factor in determining its market price, as well as consumer acceptance and breeding efforts aimed at improvement of rice grain quality. In this study,the sensory quality and physicochemical properties of three japonica rice varieties harvested in two different growing locations(Xiangshui and Hangzhou of China) were compared to determine the most important factors affecting the sensory quality. All the three varieties had higher scores for overall sensory quality in Xiangshui than in Hangzhou, indicating that the growing location is a key factor in determining the sensory quality of cooked japonica rice. In addition to growing location, variety(genotype) also had an important effect. Longdao 18 scored the highest for overall sensory quality in the two locations, whereas Longdao 30 had the lowest score in Xiangshui, and both Longdao 20 and Longdao 30 had the lowest scores in Hangzhou. Many physicochemical properties, such as apparent amylose content, protein content, thermal properties and free amino acid contents, showed significant differences between the two locations. Correlation analysis showed that apparent amylose content and protein content had contrasting effects on all the sensory attributes. The overall sensory quality was negatively correlated with protein content(r =-0.89, P 0.01) and positively correlated with gel hardness(r = 0.91, P 0.01),indicating that the protein content and hardness are important physicochemical properties for predicting the sensory quality of japonica rice. These findings will provide guidance for selection from the diverse genotypes available to develop new varieties with the desired eating and cooking quality.