奶牛体型线性性状与其成年奶当量相关与通径分析

本文对1990—1991年度双桥农场3个奶牛场603头荷斯坦奶牛体型线性性状评分与其成年奶当量进行了相关通径分析,数据采用dBASE Ⅱ进行管理,应用Turo-Basic编程在AST-286进行计算分析。分析表明：奶牛体型线性性状中,乳房深与成年奶当量呈较强负相关r=-0．4266;尻宽与产奶量呈正相关(r=0．2939);这二者是影响成年奶当量的主要性状。     

宁夏某猪场猪流行性腹泻紧急流行病学调查

2017年5月10日,宁夏回族自治区动物疾病预防控制中心接到青铜峡市某规模化猪场发生大规模腹泻的报告。经流行病学调查和实验室检测,确定猪流行性腹泻病毒是导致该猪群发生大规模腹泻的主要原因,生物安全管理水平不高、运输车辆或人员进场管理不严是疫病传入的主要风险因素;场内管理不严是疫情扩散的原因。按照调查建立的病因假设,采取了针对性防控措施,包括对猪场的入场清洗消毒设施等进行升级改造,加强饲养管理等。半年内该场未再发生大规模猪腹泻疫情。     

鸡静注,肌注及内服氟哌酸的药物动力学研究

选用４２只健康ＡＡ鸡，分３组（每组１４只）进行药物动力学研究：静注、肌注及内服的剂量均为１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ。用二氯甲烷提取血浆中的药物，反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆氟哌酸的浓度，测定时以吡哌酸为内标。所得药物一时间数据用ＭＣＰＫＰ计算机程序处理，静注给药拟合二室开放模型，主要动力学参数是：ｔ１／２α０．１４±０．０８ｈ，ｔ１／２β３．６５±１．０３ｈ，Ｋｅ０．８８±０．４０ｈ－１，Ｖｄ３．８１±０．９８Ｌ／ｋｇ，ＡＵＣ１４．１４±３．２９μｇ／ｍｌ．ｈ。内服和肌注给药均适合具有一级吸收二室开放模型，肌注的主要动力学参数是：ｔ１／２ｋａ０．２２±０．１０ｈ，ｔ１／２α１．０３±０．６５ｈ，ｔ１／２β６．８７±２．８６ｈ，Ｋｅ０．２８±０．１０ｈ－１，ＡＵＣ９．８６±２．８８μｇ／ｍｌ．ｈ，Ｆ６９．７８％。内服的主要动力学参数是：ｔ１／２ｋａ０．６９±０．２３ｈ，ｔ１／２α１．７６±０．８９ｈ，ｔ１／２β１０．４３±３．２２ｈ，Ｋｅ０．２１±０．０５ｈ－１，ＡＵＣ８．５６±１．３６μｇ／ｍｌ．ｈ，Ｆ６０．５２％。鸡静注、肌注、内服氟哌酸的药动学特征是吸收较快，在体内分布广泛、半衰期较长。     

驻马店小麦条锈病发生气象指数预报方法探讨

小麦条锈病是河南省驻马店市小麦生产中的主要病害之一,历史上曾多次造成小麦严重减产。在分析小麦条锈病发病及流行特征的基础上,应用统计方法建立了条锈病病发气象指数预报气候模型和指数预测方程,并连续2a准确作出病发气象指数预报,为植保部门正确作出病害流行趋势预测预报提供了科学依据。     

牛初乳中活性物质IgG含量分析

通过对产犊后前四天内牛初乳活性物质(IgG)含量的检测，分析牛初乳中活性物质的变化规律及冻结、巴氏杀菌对其影响。     

Genetic analysis of ORF5 of recent Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSVs) in viremic sera collected from MLV-vaccinating or non-vaccinating farms

The 23 open reading frame (ORF) 5 sequences of Korean type II porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were collected from viremic sera from the (modified live vaccine) MLV-vaccinating and non-vaccinating farms from 2007 to 2008. The samples were phylogenetically analyzed with previous ORF5 sequences, including type I Korean PRRSV, and previously reported or collected sequences from 1997 to 2008. A MN184-like subgroup of type II Korean PRRSV was newly identified in the viremic sera collected from 2007 to 2008. And of the type I PRRSVs, one subgroup had 87.2~88.9% similarity with the Lelystad virus, showing a close relationship with the 27~2003 strain of Spain. The maximum parsimony tree of type II PRRSV from 1997 to 2008 showed that they had evolved to four lineages, subgroups 1, 2, 3 and 4. Most of the recently collected type II PRRSVs belonged to subgroup 4 (48%). The region of three B-cell epitopes and two T-cell epitopes of ORF5 amino acids sequences was considerably different from the MLV in subgroups 3 and 4. In conclusion, the existence of type I PRRSV, which was genetically different from Lelystad virus (Prototype of type I PRRSV), and heterologous type II PRRSVs of viremic pigs detected even in the MLV-vaccinating farms indicated the need for new vaccine approaches for the control of PRRSV in Korea.     

Generation of Salmonella ghost cells expressing fimbrial antigens of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and evaluation of their antigenicity in a murine model

Salmonella Typhimurium ghost cells expressing K88ab, K88ac, K99, and FasA fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in their envelopes were constructed. The genes encoding the fimbriae were individually cloned into an expression plasmid, pMMP81, carrying the asd gene, which was subsequently electroporated into the Δasd S. Typhimurium mutant. Plasmid pJHLP99, carrying the phiX174 lysis gene E, was also subsequently electroporated into the Salmonella mutant. The presence of the individual fimbriae on the ghost cells was examined by Western blot analysis. Forty BALB/c mice were equally divided into 2 groups of 20 mice each. Group A mice were intramuscularly vaccinated with a mixture of the 4 ghost cells expressing the individual fimbriae. The group B mice were inoculated with sterile phosphate-buffered saline as a control. The antigen-specific serum IgG concentrations were significantly higher in group A than in group B from week 2 until week 6 after inoculation. In addition, the antigen-specific IgA concentrations in fecal samples were significantly higher in group A than in group B at week 2 after inoculation. A large difference between the groups in the number of antigen-specific IgA-secreting cells in the small intestine was observed by immunohistochemical study. Also, the splenic lymphocyte proliferative responses were significantly greater in group A than in the control mice. These results suggest that vaccination with our Salmonella ghost cells can induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and that the increased number of antigen-specific IgA-secreting cells in the small intestine may be correlated with the elevated fecal IgA immune response.     

中东呼吸综合征的流行与研究进展

本文全面介绍了MERS的疾病概况、人间及动物间流行情况,目前该病已经蔓延到全球25个国家,造成1300余人感染、近500人死亡,并有4个国家发现骆驼MERS病例;总结了世界卫生组织（WHO）、世界动物卫生组织（OIE）和联合国粮农组织（FAO）等采取的防控措施,并从病毒来源、能否人际间传播、有效疫苗和药物研制等3个方面对MERS的研究进展进行了概述。目前认为,人类MERS的传染源可能是骆驼, MERS-CoV仅发生了有限的人传人,还没有研制出有效的特异性疫苗和药物。本文还简述了我国的防控情况,并提出了相关防控建议。     

2013—2014年全球猪流行性腹泻重大疫情分析

2013年以来,猪流行性腹泻（Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea,PED）疫情在美洲和亚洲的部分国家和地区暴发流行,对疫情发生国家或地区的生猪生产和猪肉市场供给造成极大影响。对全球PED疫情进行时间序列分析,发现PED流行范围逐步扩大,毒力不断增强,全球病毒基因序列相似,饲料特别是猪血液制品贸易可能是该病跨国界传播的潜在途径。