中国国家级水产种质资源保护区建设及其发展趋势分析

分析国家级水产种质资源保护区的建设现状、地理分布格局和发展趋势,为水产种质资源的保护管理提供依据。分析指标为水产种质资源保护区的建设数量、建设规模、空间分布格局、聚集程度。研究表明,我国已建国家级水产种质资源保护区492个,初步构建了包括各类湿地和水域的保护区网络;不同类型国家级水产种质资源保护区建设数量差异较大,且面积普遍偏小;河流和淡水湖泊类型保护区的数量占总数的83.14%,以鱼类及栖息地保护为重点,缺少对两栖动物、爬行动物和水生植物等的保护;保护区聚集度指数为0.72,呈高度聚集分布格局,集中分布在湘北-鄂东南-皖赣边界、苏南-浙北和川东等地。保护区快速建设期接近尾声,未来应加强其规范化建设和管理,优化保护区网络。     

浅析玉米缺粒与秃尖症状发生原因及对策

玉米生产过程中,而忽视了玉米缺粒与秃尖等生理病害的发生与预防,在生产实践中常造成严重的损失。为此探讨玉米缺粒与秃尖症状发生原因及防治对策,对减轻或避免玉米生产中玉米缺粒与秃尖等生理病害造成的损失有重要意义。     

新疆天然草地生态保护与利用及牧民定居示范工程信息平台的建设

阐述了"新疆天然草地生态保护与利用及牧民定居示范工程"项目信息平台系统的设计、特点及信息采集与维护等情况,通过该平台的建设,使中日双方项目组对项目的进展有了直接的了解,同时为项目的顺利实施奠定了基础,也为项目的进一步推广起到了示范作用。     

我国甘蓝抗病育种研究进展和展望

总结了我国甘蓝抗病育种研究的主要成就,在分析我国甘蓝病育种研究现状的基础上,提出了该领域今后发展趋势。     

Effects of foliar- and root-applied silicon on the enhancement of induced resistance to powdery mildew in Cucumis sativus

Two cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) cultivars differing in their resistance to powdery mildew, Ningfeng No. 3 (susceptible) and Jinchun No. 4 (resistant), were used to study the effects of foliar- and root-applied silicon on resistance to infection by Podosphaera xanthii (syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea ) and the production of pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs). The results indicated that inoculation with P. xanthii significantly suppressed subsequent infection by powdery mildew compared with noninoculation, regardless of Si application. Root-applied Si significantly suppressed powdery mildew, the disease index being lower in Si-supplied than in Si-deprived plants, regardless of inoculation treatment. The resistant cultivar had a more constant lower disease index than the susceptible cultivar, irrespective of inoculation or Si treatment. Moreover, with root-applied Si, activities of PRs (for example peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and chitinase) were significantly enhanced in inoculated lower leaves or noninoculated upper leaves in inoculated plants of both cultivars. Root-applied Si significantly decreased the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in inoculated leaves, but increased it in noninoculated upper leaves. However, Si treatment failed to change significantly the activity of PRs in plants without fungal attack. Compared to the control (no Si), foliar-applied Si had no effects either on the suppression of subsequent infection by P. xanthii or on the activity of PRs, irrespective of inoculation. Based on the findings in this study and previous reports, it was concluded that foliar-applied Si can effectively control infections by P. xanthii only via the physical barrier of Si deposited on leaf surfaces, and/or osmotic effect of the silicate applied, but cannot enhance systemic acquired resistance induced by inoculation, while continuously root-applied Si can enhance defence resistance in response to infection by P. xanthii in cucumber.     

杀虫剂防治蔬菜斑潜蝇不同调查方法的评价

本文对杀虫剂防治蔬菜斑潜蝇田间药效试验的多种调查方法进行了试验比较 ,认为在试验过程中将蛹做为活虫数计算 ,同时记录植株新生叶片及未被害叶片在药后出现的试虫数 ,能够全面正确反映农药的作用效果。在随机摘叶调查时 ,认为应即时检查 ,该方法所采集叶片不宜太少 ,较适合于小叶作物     

使用AoBe处理不同生育期春小麦的增产效应

使用芳氧基乙酸万酯类化合物AoBe处理不同生育期春小麦,在低浓度条件下有促进幼苗生长、提高田间出苗率、刺激增产等生理作用,在高浓度条件下有抑制生长和致死作用。可见,AoBe具有植物生长调节剂的基本作用特性。AoBe刺激增产作用的适宜处理时期和浓度范围是:浸种和挑旗期为0.01ppm,分蘖期为0.1ppm,拔节期为1 ppm,抽穗期为100ppm左右。以0.01ppm浸种和0.1ppm在分蘖期喷施为最佳组合。1000ppm处理春小麦种子则表现为致死作用。     

杏李新品种金皇后杏李的选育及栽培技术

金皇后杏李1968年发现于陕西省乾县临平镇曲家村,起源不详。果实圆形或长圆形,平均单果重81.0g,最大单果重150.0g,果皮阳面着红色晕斑,果皮似李;果肉金黄色,肉质细而致密,汁液多,风味甜,兼有杏、李风味,鲜食品质中上等;采收时果实可溶性固形物含量15.19%,总酸含量1.76%;宜加工杏汁、杏脯、杏罐头等;在陕西省乾县,果实6月下旬至7月初成熟,抗细菌性穿孔病和褐腐病。2005年4月通过陕西省第二次果树品种委员会品种审定,并命名为金皇后杏李。     

泊头警犬速破"4.21"特大杀人案

2007年4月21日晚8时许,河北省衡水市景县温城乡发生特大杀人案,两户居民共被杀死3人,重伤1人。接指令后,河北省泊头市公安局警犬队队长申俊荣立即带领队员曹健携警犬"虎子"、"芳芳"赶