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91.
仓储型害虫绿豆象对蚕豆的安全储藏和品质经常造成重大损失,严重制约着我国蚕豆产业的发展。选育和利用抗虫品种是防治绿豆象最为安全、有效的途径。在室温条件下,对500份蚕豆资源进行连续两年的绿豆象饱和侵染处理,以期筛选出有利用价值的抗绿豆象种质资源,为蚕豆抗虫性种质创新利用提供依据。筛选结果显示,来源于春播区和秋播区的蚕豆资源,每粒蚕豆虫孔数分别为0.92±0.59、1.05±0.42,差异显著(P0.05);粒色为青绿色(绿色、青绿、乳白)和深色(紫色、黑色、褐色等)的蚕豆资源,每粒虫孔数分别为1.30±0.62、0.85±0.43,差异显著(P0.05)。利用Structure软件和Popgen、MEGA软件分别对500份材料的抗虫性进行群体结构分析和聚类分析,可分为5个与地理分布相关的亚群。同时筛选出H0048、H0092、H0094、H001455、H001471、H001787共6份高抗绿豆象的蚕豆资源。 相似文献
92.
Guo Lixue Shi Yuzhen Li Junwen Gong Juwu Liu Aiying Shang Haihong Gong Wankui Chen Tingting Ge Qun Sun Jie Yuan Youlu 《棉花学报》2015,27(6):550-560
In this study, F2 populations from two chromosome segment substitution lines MBI7455 and MBI7358, were quantified using SSR to evaluate the parents' genotype and detect QTL related to fiber quality plus yield traits of cotton. Results show that the recurrent parent (CCRI45) hosted 96.70% and 95.60% of chromosome segment substitution in MBI7455 with 12 chromosome segments and in MBI7358 with 16 chromosome substitution segments of Gossypium barbadense, respectively. In the F2 population, the average rate of chromosome substitution of the recurrent parent (CCRI45) was 96.44%, and the average segments of chromosome substitution of Gossypium barbadense was 13.42, with an average segments of homozygous donor chromosome value of 3.90. Analysis showed 19 fiber quality-related QTL with a phenotypic variance of between 2.52%-13.11% and seven yield traits-related QTL with a range of 2.93%-11.40% phenotypic variance, resulting in a total of 26 QTL. The CSSLs could be used to detect QTL for fiber yield and quality traits, which offer an important foundation for the cotton molecular-assisted breeding. 相似文献
93.
94.
Siwei Shi Qingzhong Zhang Yilai Lou Zhangliu Du Qian Wang Ning Hu Yidong Wang Anna Gunina Jiqing Song 《Soil Use and Management》2021,37(1):95-103
Biochar addition can expand soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and has potential ability in mitigating climate change. Also, some incubation experiments have shown that biochar can increase soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contents. However, there is no direct evidence for this from the field experiment. In order to make up the sparseness of available data resulting from the long‐term effect of biochar amendment on soil carbon fractions, here we detected the contents and stocks of the bulk SIC and SOC fractions based on a 10‐year field experiment of consecutive biochar application in Shandong Province, China. There are three biochar treatments as no‐biochar (control), and biochar application at 4.5 Mg ha?1 year?1 (B4.5) and 9.0 Mg ha?1 year?1 (B9.0), respectively. The results showed that biochar application significantly enhanced SIC content (3.2%–24.3%), >53 μm particulate organic carbon content (POC, 38.2%–166.2%) and total soil organic carbon content (15.8%–82.2%), compared with the no‐biochar control. However, <53 μm silt–clay‐associated organic carbon (SCOC) content was significantly decreased (14%–27%) under the B9.0 treatment. Our study provides the direct field evidence that SIC contributed to carbon sequestration after the biochar application, and indicates that the applied biochar was allocated mainly in POC fraction. Further, the decreased SCOC and increased microbial biomass carbon contents observed in field suggest that the biochar application might exert a positive priming effect on native soil organic carbon. 相似文献
95.
Xiaodong Gao Pute Wu Xining Zhao Yinguang Shi Jiawen Wang 《Agricultural Water Management》2011,102(1):66-73
Estimating spatial mean soil water contents from point-scale measurements is important to improve soil water management in sloping land of semiarid areas. Temporal stability analysis, as a statistical technique to estimate soil water content, is an effective tool in terms of facilitating the upscaling estimation of mean values. The objective of this study was to examine temporal stability of soil water profiles (0–20, 20–40, 40–60 and 0–60 cm) in sloping jujube (Zizyphus jujuba) orchards and to estimate field mean root-zone soil water based on temporal stability analysis in the Yuanzegou catchment of the Chinese Loess Plateau, using soil water observations under both dry and wet soil conditions. The results showed that different time-stable locations were identified for different depths and the temporal stability of soil water content in 20–40 cm was significantly (P < 0.05) weaker than that in other depths. Moreover, these time-stable locations had relatively high clay contents, relatively mild slopes and relatively planar surfaces compared to the corresponding field means. Statistical analysis revealed that the temporal stability of root zone soil water (0–60 cm) was higher in either dry or wet season than that including both, and soil water exhibited very low temporal stability during the transition period from dry to wet. Based on the temporal stability analysis, field mean soil water contents were estimated reasonably (R2 from 0.9560 to 0.9873) from the point measurements of these time-stable locations. Since the terrains in this study are typical in the hilly regions of the Loess Plateau, the results presented here should improve soil water management in sloping orchards in the Loess Plateau. 相似文献
96.
秭归县核桃产业发展思路探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对坝上库首第1县——秭归县经济林发展的调查,分析了秭归县经济林中主要的核桃产业发展现状,指出了其存在的问题,提出了发展对策,以期促进秭归县核桃产业化发展、增加农民经济收入。 相似文献
97.
一.引言在新疆农业垦区,多民族杂居、多元文化并存。自西汉至清末,历代王朝出于戍边和维护地方治安的考虑,均非常重视在西域屯田。新疆生产建设兵团进驻新疆后,大力发展屯垦经济,进一步增强了汉民族农耕文化在新疆地区的吸纳力和包容力。 相似文献
98.
省属高等院校教学团队构建模式研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
省属普通高等院校在由原来的教学型大学向教学研究型大学转型过程中,亟需构建高水平教学团队提高教学质量。但缺乏名师、师资缺乏协作基础、评价制度科研绩效主导、官本位影响等问题直接影响团队建设及效果。可以形成从团队目标设计、成员选择、组织形式、内部管理与运行机制形成并动态调整的构建模式来推动教学团队建设。 相似文献
99.
辣椒核质互作雄性不育系46A选育报告 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
以韩国辣椒品种探将F_2中的不育株为母本,以优良红色素辣椒自交系为父本,进行3×3双列测交,通过日光温室加代选育和网室正茬选育相结合,育成辣椒核质互作雄性不育系46A。不育系46A株形半直立,始花节位10~11节;花冠白色,花药干瘪,柱头浅绿色;保持系果实羊角形,果面光滑,红熟果深红色,果长17.0 cm,果径1.5 cm,单果重12.0 g,辣味中。对病毒病、疫病、炭疽病的田间抗病性高于对照品种美国红。利用46A选配的杂交组合8AF_1、3AF_1、5AF_1、1AF_1、6AF_1具有较强的产量优势,较对照品种美国红(CK1)和探将(CK2)增产极显著。 相似文献
100.
Min Yang Zhengyu Mao Xuemei Jiang Pierre Cozannet Lianqiang Che Shengyu Xu Yan Lin Zhengfeng Fang Bin Feng Jianping Wang Jian Li De Wu Yong Zhuo 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(6)
We investigated the effects of dietary fiber (DF) supplementation in normal or low crude protein (CP) diets on reproductive performance and nitrogen (N) utilization in primiparous gilts. In total, 77 Landrace × Yorkshire pregnant gilts were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The groups comprised 1) equal intake of normal CP (12.82% and 0.61% total lysine), 2) low CP (LP) (10.53% and 0.61% total lysine), and 3) with or 4) without DF supplementation (cellulose, inulin, and pectin in a 34:10:1 ratio). A low-protein diet during gestation significantly reduced daily weight gain from days 91 to 110 of pregnancy (−162.5 g/d, P = 0.004). From N balance trials conducted at days 35 to 38, 65 to 68, and 95 to 98 of pregnancy, DF addition increased fecal N excretion at days 65 to 68 (+24.1%) and 95 to 98 (+13.8%) of pregnancy (P < 0.05) but reduced urinary N excretion (P < 0.05), resulting in greater N retention at each gestational stage. DF increased fecal microbial protein levels and excretion during gestation. An LP diet also reduced urinary N excretion at different gestational stages. An in vitro fermentation trial on culture media with nonprotein N urea and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) as the only N sources revealed that microbiota derived from feces of gestating gilts fed the high DF diet exhibited a greater capacity to convert nonprotein N to microbial protein. Microbial fecal diversity, as measured by 16S rRNA sequencing, revealed significant changes from DF but not CP diets. Gilts fed an LP diet had a higher number of stillbirths (+0.83 per litter, P = 0.046) and a lower piglet birth weight (1.52 vs. 1.37 kg, P = 0.006), regardless of DF levels. Collectively, DF supplementation to gestation diets shifted N excretion from urine to feces in the form of microbial protein, suggesting that the microbiota had a putative role in controlling N utilization from DF. Additionally, a low-protein diet during gestation negatively affected the litter performance of gilts. 相似文献