马病毒性动脉炎病毒中和试验的建立以及与ELISA方法的比较研究

参照世界动物卫生组织(OIE)《陆生动物诊断与疫苗手册》,建立了马病毒性动脉炎病毒中和试验,并采用马病毒性动脉炎病毒中和试验(Virus Neutralization Test,VNT)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)两种方法,对广东省部分地区马场共182匹马血清和7份标准阴阳性血清进行马病毒性动脉炎抗体的检测,并对两种方法进行比较分析,结果两种方法的阳性符合率和阴性符合率分别为43.48%和96.34%,总符合率为93.12%;以我们建立的VNT作为马病毒性动脉炎抗体检测的"金标准",试验中所用的ELISA方法的敏感性和特异性分别为71.43%和93.96%。因此,我们认为在马病毒性动脉炎抗体检测中,ELISA的敏感性以及与VNT的阳性符合率较低,不适合作为VNT的替代方法。     

奶牛疣状毛癣菌的分离鉴定及其耐药性分析

为了解奶牛皮肤真菌病的病原及其对常见抗真菌药物的敏感性,给临床治疗提供依据,从具有皮肤真菌病症状奶牛病灶处的皮屑样品中,使用沙氏培养基分离病原真菌,通过核糖体r DNA ITS序列对其分析鉴定。使用ATB FUNGUS 3真菌药敏试纸条测定5-氟胞嘧啶、两性霉素B、氟康唑、伊曲康唑及伏立康唑对所分离病原真菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果表明,在沙氏培养基上分离到的10株中心蜡状成堆、边缘"杉树状"的真菌,经ITS序列分析,鉴定为人兽共患性致病真菌——疣状毛癣菌;所分离的疣状毛癣菌对伏立康唑、伊曲康唑均为敏感,对氟康唑均为中介,而对两性霉素B及5氟胞嘧啶均为耐药;ITS序列分析可实现对真菌的快速、准确鉴定;伏立康唑、伊曲康唑对本研究中分离的疣状毛癣菌具有良好的体外抗菌活性。     

全基因组SNP分型技术在畜禽遗传育种研究中的应用

随着畜禽资源分子鉴定、物种进化、全基因组育种等热点领域的逐渐兴起,准确的全基因组SNP分型成为了畜禽基因组研究的关键。基因芯片、重测序、简化基因组测序及靶向捕获测序等全基因组SNP分型技术已广泛应用于畜禽基因组研究中。本文概述了全基因组SNP分型技术的原理及其在全基因组关联分析、选择信号分析和畜禽遗传资源背景分析等方面的应用,以期为畜禽基因组研究和育种应用提供借鉴和参考。     

水貂肠炎病毒LN-10分离株的分离鉴定

为了解我国水貂肠炎病毒(MEV)的流行情况,本研究采用F81细胞从疑似患有肠炎的水貂粪便样品中分离出一株病毒,经形态学、血清学、动物回归试验和分子生物学鉴定,分离的病毒为MEV,命名为LN-10。对该病毒主要结构蛋白VP2基因进行克隆测序和基因进化分析表明,LN-10分离株VP2基因与GenBank中的其他18株MEV株核苷酸和氨基酸均有较高的同源性,分别为99.3%～100%和99%～100%,其中核苷酸同源性与ZYL-1株为100%,而氨基酸同源性与ZYL-1株和Manzhouli株均为100%。本研究为MEV分子流行病学调查和疫苗的研究奠定了基础。     

Fatal infection in human flora-associated piglets caused by the opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae from an apparently healthy human donor

Seventeen out of 24 human flora-associated (HFA) piglets died after oral administration of whole fecal flora from an apparently healthy human donor. The bacteria isolated from the organs of the infected piglets were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae by bacteriological and biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The identical K. pneumoniae strain was also isolated from the donor's fecal flora. All three neonatal piglets inoculated with K. pneumoniae from the donor's fecal flora developed severe diarrhea, with 2 eventually dying. This strongly suggests that the opportunistic pathogen K. pneumoniae from the human donor caused the fatal infection in the HFA piglets. The results underscore the importance of safety evaluation of the human donor's fecal flora for HFA piglet development.     

广东台山2012—2013年鳗鱼药残监测分析

广东台山是我国最大的鳗鱼养殖基地,其鳗鱼产品以出口为主,如活鳗的出口量约占全国活鳗总出口量的80%。药残是影响出口鳗鱼的主要因素,本研究采用液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS-MS)和气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS),对台山鳗鱼产品可能含有的100种药物残留做了两年的连续跟踪监测,结果表明,台山鳗鱼养殖业发展平稳,具有养殖科学、管理完善、用药合理、监管到位,养殖场用药少,疫病发生率低等特点。     

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of equine infectious anemia antibody to purified P26 viral protein

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of equine infectious anemia (EIA) antibody in horse sera. Purified P26 viral protein was the antigen; alkaline phosphatase linked to rabbit anti-horse immunoglobulin G was the conjugate. The ELISA detected EIA antibodies in horse sera as early as 11 to 14 days after experimental inoculations. There was full agreement between the results of ELISA and the agar-gel immunodiffusion tests on EIA proficiency test sera. The ELISA readily detected EIA antibody in horse sera that had weak positive reactions on agar-gel immunodiffusion.     

Diagnosis of naturally occurring Fasciola hepatica infections in cattle with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Sera from 100 herds of cattle located in the state of Washington were examined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody to Fasciola hepatica in a screening procedure that included 5 to 10 samples/herd. Twenty-eight herds contained infected cattle and F hepatica was most prevalent in 3 distinct geographic areas. Subsequent retesting of all sera available from 14 herds (mean of 109 samples/herd) revealed that the screening procedure correctly detected 7 of 7 operations in which greater than 40% of samples were positive or suspect and 3 of 3 operations in which 12% to 13% of the samples were positive or suspect. One of 3 herds considered negative after screening was found to contain a few (7%) positive samples and 1 herd considered possibly infected was negative on retest. These results were compared with those obtained by fecal examination for F hepatica eggs in 9 of the 14 herds. A good correlation (5 of 5) was found in which a high percentage (48% to 85%) of sera were positive or suspect. Fasciola eggs were not found in samples from 2 herds with few (7% to 12%) positive or suspect sera or in 2 herds that were negative by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.     

放牧奶牛的牛奶脂肪酸营养价值分析

随机采集了放牧与拴系条件下,上海某两个牧场一天的各自混合奶缸样,进行牛奶常规成分与牛奶脂肪酸组成的测定。结果显示,放牧牛群的奶样常规成份均高于拴系式。两个牧场奶样饱和脂肪酸总含量差异不显著,但是放牧牛群奶样ω3、ω6、ω3:ω6、多不饱和脂肪酸以及CLA(c9,t11)含量均高于拴系牛群。     

刚棘颚口线虫的扫描电镜观察

刚棘颚口线虫扫描电镜显示：头球顶端有两片半球形的大侧唇，大侧唇背面有1对双乳突和1个头感器。在轮节皮棘第6-7排或第8-9排或第10-11之间各有1对颈乳突，与樊氏等及古贺正崇等描述颈乳突位置有所差异。并观察到雄虫尾端长交合刺的皮纹上有细小的凹陷小乳，其顶端有开口处；有2对尾乳突。雌虫阴门位于虫体腹面中线之后；尾端前腹面有半月状的肛门，有1对尾乳突。其中头钩、体棘、交合刺和尾乳突等形态特征与前人记述相似。