不同灌溉方式下甘蔗光合特性

光合作用是植物干物质积累的重要过程,作物产量主要通过光合作用实现。为比较不同灌溉模式下甘蔗光合特性差异,探明其主要影响因素,以柳城05-136号为试验甘蔗品种,于2015年3月-12月在广西崇左市江州区试验基地开展6种灌溉模式甘蔗净光合速率及主要环境因子的田间观测。结果表明:地埋滴灌甘蔗净光合速率最高,平均值为29.23μmol/m2·s,无灌溉最低,为18.53μmol/m2·s,地埋滴灌分别比无灌溉、管灌、喷灌、微喷和地表滴灌高57.74%、23.54%、12.68%、9.68%和2.56%,灌溉能显著提高甘蔗的光合速率(P0.05)。通径分析结果显示,土壤含水率、空气温度和土壤肥力是影响甘蔗净光合速率的主要环境因子,但各灌溉模式之间主要影响因子存在差异,无灌溉和地埋滴灌土壤肥力的影响较为显著,地表滴灌则是土壤含水率和速效氮的影响较为显著,管灌模式主要影响因子为土壤速效钾和空气温度,而喷灌和微喷模式的主要影响因子均为土壤含水率和空气温度。采用地埋滴灌模式更有利于研究区域甘蔗净光合速率的提升,此外,针对不同灌溉模式的主要影响因子进行合理调控可有效提高甘蔗净光合速率,从而提高甘蔗产量。     

广西本地水牛垂体的形态学与组织学观察

本研究采用HE染色和Masson特殊染色方法对广西本地水牛垂体的形态学和组织学结构特征进行了观察分析,结果表明:广西本地水牛垂体呈卵圆形,重约1.19g,大小约为1.43cm×1.07cm×0.74cm。广西本地水牛的神经部在正中矢状面所占比例约为10%～15%。嗜酸性细胞、嗜碱性细胞的比例分别为42%和9.3%;母牛的嗜酸性细胞比例比公牛的高。观察结果揭示广西本地水牛垂体的结构与形态特征与其长期繁衍进化所处生态环境变化相适应,并与其生长、生产规律相一致。这些结果将为改良广西本地水牛提供形态学和组织学的理论依据。     

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Citrus viroid V isolates from Pakistan

Citrus viroid V (CVd-V) was recently characterized and belongs to the genus Apscaviroid within the family Pospiviroidae. 334 CVd-V isolates were identified from Punjab, Pakistan, where CVd-V had not been reported. A total of 68 independent cDNA clones were sequenced from 11 infected trees of different cultivars, ranging from 292 to 295 nucleotides. The nucleotide diversity estimated from the nucleotide distances of the CVd-V Pakistan population was similar to that reported from other countries. Based on genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis, two main CVd-V groups were identified indicating that Pakistan might be one of the geographic origins of CVd-V worldwide. We demonstrated that this viroid has not emerged recently and it is more widespread than previously expected.     

热带作物新品种保护现状

简述植物新品种保护的重要意义,分析2000～2012年世界热区国家的热带作物新品种保护现状以及目前发达国家和发展中国家在植物新品种保护方面存在的差异,并提出我国热带作物新品种保护应对策略.     

苋菜愈伤组织诱导的研究

以苋菜种子为试材诱导无菌苗,取幼苗期下胚轴、子叶和壮苗期茎段、叶片作为外植体,比较不同组织部位对愈伤组织诱导效果的影响,并探讨不同质量浓度NAA对苋菜愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明,以苋菜壮苗期叶片和茎段为外植体的愈伤组织诱导率比幼苗期下胚轴和子叶高,表现为叶片>茎段>下胚轴>子叶;苋菜壮苗期茎段、叶片在MS+6-BA 0.5mg/L+NAA 3.0mg/L培养基上诱导愈伤组织的效果最好,诱导率分别为98.7%和99.3%。     

燃气轮机余热发电技术应用于输气管道的可行性

以西气东输某输气站为例,考察利用燃气蒸汽联合循环发电技术提高机组热效率的可行性。现场测试燃料气组分的含量以及各项指标参数,计算燃气轮机排烟热焓。按照汽轮机发电机组的平均效率,确定联合循环发电机组的发电量,论证燃气轮机余热发电用于驱动电驱压缩机组的可行性和经济性。结果表明:整个机组的发电量可以满足电驱压缩机组需求电量的89.37%,4年可回收投资成本,节能效果显著,长期运行经济效益可观,具有推广应用价值。(图1,参5)     

丛枝菌根对黄檗生长及NPK吸收的影响

在盆栽条件下用丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi)接种黄檗一年生实生苗,研究丛枝菌根对黄檗(Phellodendron amurense Rupr.)生长代谢的影响。结果表明,丛枝菌根显著提高了黄檗的生长及吸收能力,苗木株高、地径及主根长等都显著大于对照植株,增强了苗木根系活力,提高了叶片吸收NPK的能力;接种G.mosseae和G.diaphanum的苗木平均高比对照苗木增加了近20 cm;根系活力与对照相比提高了2.5~2.7倍。丛枝菌根促进了黄檗的生长发育,提高了叶片光合效率,促进根系对矿质营养的吸收,叶片N、P、K含量均有提高,其中接种G.diaphanum的苗木光合效率提高最为突出,光合速率为12.23μmol·m-2·s-1。研究结果可以为黄檗的菌根化育苗和资源保护提供技术依据。     

Effects of marrow stromal cell-mediated microenvironment on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721

AIM: To investigate the effects of marrow stromal HS-5 cells on hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells in the tumor microenvironment. METHODS: The effects of HS-5 cell-conditioned medium (HS-5-CM) on the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of SMMC-7721 cells were detected by MTT, wound-healing and Transwell assays. After co-culture of SMMC-7721 cells with HS-5 cells in the Transwell chamber, the expression of chemokine CCL5 and its receptor CCR5 at mRNA and protein levels in SMMC-7721 cells was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), ELISA or Western blotting. Akt and p-Akt473 protein levels in SMMC-7721 cells treated with PI3K inhibitor LY294002 were observed by Western blotting. RESULTS: HS-5-CM promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of SMMC-7721 cells. The expression of CCL5 and CCR5 at mRNA and protein levels in SMMC-7721 cells was increased after co-cultured with HS-5 cells. PI3K inhibitor LY294002 inhibited the activation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the secretion of CCL5 in SMMC-7721 cells after co-cultured with HS-5 cells. CONCLUSION: HS-5 cells significantly promote the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of SMMC-7721 cells. Co-culture of SMMC-7721 cells with HS-5 cells activates PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to increase the secretion of CCL5 in SMMC-7721 cells.     

大棚草莓避雨基质育苗技术

在大棚内采用基质育苗技术繁育草莓种苗,可有效避免夏季雨水对种苗的冲击,并可减少土传病害发生;草莓种苗健壮,缓苗期短,成活率高。