甘薯脱毒苗病毒嫁接检测技术研究

对脱毒茎尖苗嫁接检测方法进行了研究。结果表明 :以巴西牵牛作为砧木指示植物 ,其播种嫁接时间可在春秋两季进行 ,在砧木的 1～ 6片真叶期均可采用插接法和靠接法进行嫁接检测。     

新疆尉犁县牲畜肉毒中毒与生态环境关系的探讨

本文报道新疆尉犁县1964年发生大面积牛羊肉毒中毒的实验诊断与结果,确认为C型肉毒梭菌毒素中毒。查明病因与该县五十年代末期生态环境剧变有关。塔里木河与孔雀河在这一时期水量大减,许多海子在枯水期成为沼泽地。这些沼泽地是野鸟、野兔等栖息场所。洪水带来的鱼类,既是野鸟的食料,又是肉毒梭菌的天然培养基。野生动物中毒死亡,而牛羊又有哨吃动物骨头和干涸海子中鱼类的食性,剖检结果亦已证实。     

培养条件对栗疫菌毒素产生的影响

本文以中国板栗当年生幼嫩枝条作为栗疫菌粗毒素生物检测材料,对该病菌的产毒条件进行了研究。结果表明：栗疫菌在不同培养液的产毒能力有明显的差异,7种培养液中C（PD＋板栗煎汁）培养液产毒能力最强;栗疫病菌产毒能力以培养温度为26℃,培养基pH值为6的条件下培养18d生物活性最强;最佳氮源为蛋白胨;较好的碳源为糊精。     

“桥头堡”战略下云南国际物流人才培养探讨

指出了随着云南桥头堡建设的不断深入,云南对东南亚、南亚的贸易将不断增长,国际物流人才需求将日益增加。在桥头堡建设的大背景下,分析了云南国际物流人才培养的现状和存在的问题,提出了相应的培养目标和策略。     

3个品种紫斑牡丹胚培养及幼苗生长的探究

为了探讨出适用于不同栽培环境的紫斑牡丹快繁体系,满足紫斑牡丹日益增长的市场化与商业化需求。本研究以3种不同栽培环境下的紫斑牡丹(Paeonia rockii)-‘雪莲’、‘蓝荷’和‘粉荷’的种子为试验材料,以正交试验的极差分析和方差分析研究在不同浓度激素配比下3个品种紫斑牡丹离体种胚萌发及生根状况,筛选出最佳激素配比的培养基。结果表明:(1)在胚培养的启动阶段,6-BA的最适浓度为0.5 mg/L,水解乳蛋白(LH)比水解酪蛋白(CH)更适合于离体胚的萌发,得出最适3种不同栽培环境紫斑牡丹启动培养的最佳激素配比组合的培养基为B5+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 g/L LH;(2)在无菌苗生根阶段,影响紫斑牡丹生根的各因素主次顺序为:AC>6-BA>IBA>IAA,各因素的优水平为:AC为0.5 g/L,6-BA为0.5 mg/L,IBA为2.0 mg/L,IAA为2.0 mg/L,适合于紫斑牡丹3个品种无菌苗生根的最佳外源激素浓度配比的培养基是1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L6-BA+2.0 mg/L IAA+2.0 mg/L IBA+0.5 g/L AC;(3)紫斑牡丹3个品种之间离体胚的萌发及生根均差异性不显著(p>0.05),但总体来看的表现情况为雪莲>蓝荷>粉荷,这可能与栽培环境有关。     

开发计算机软件教学视频课件研究与实践

计算机软件教学视频课件是在进行视频教学过程中的一种辅助工具,根据计算机软件类教学特点要求,其课件设计也呈现出了一些特殊性——实践性、持续性、组织层次性、媒体多样性等.文章以开发设计计算机软件教学视频课件为主要内容,从视频教学特点、当前课件制作问题以及高质量的课件制作思路三个方面进行简要的论述,为教师制作高质量、高可用的视频课件提供参考.     

Remediation of saline-sodic soil using organic and inorganic amendments: physical,chemical, and enzyme activity properties

Purpose

Crops grow poorly in saline-sodic soils, and the productivity of these soils can be dramatically improved with proper amendments. Current research mainly focuses on either organic or inorganic soil amendments, whereas few studies address options of combining organic and inorganic amendments. The objective of this study was to develop new organic and inorganic soil amendments which can lower the soil pH, replace sodium, and improve soil structure.

Materials and methods

Polyhalite (PL), microporous potassium-silicon-calcium mineral fertilizer (MF), furfural residue (FR), and fulvic acid (FA) were mixed with four different ratios to produce organic and inorganic soil amendments: PLFR, PLFA, MFFR, and MFFA. And their optimum mixing ratios were determined by comparing the potassium, calcium concentrations, and pH of filtrate after dissolution. Then, a leaching experiment was conducted by packing mixtures (mass ratio of soil to amendment = 219:1, equivalent to 13 t/hm²) of the saline-sodic soil with each one of these amendments plus two contrasts, gypsum (GP), and no amendment (CK). And the remediation effect was compared by pH, EC, ESP, texture, organic recombination degree of clay, saturated hydraulic conductivity, water-stable aggregates fraction, and enzyme (urease, alkaline phosphatase, and catalase) activities of soil.

Results and discussion

After four times leaching experiment, soil treated with PLFR had lower pH and 25.86% lower exchangeable sodium than untreated soils. The water-stable small macroaggregate fractions and saturated hydraulic conductivity of the MFFR-treated soils were significantly increased by 133% and 31%, respectively. Also, the total soil and heavy fraction organic carbons of the soils treated with MFFR in addition to its alkaline phosphatase activity were all significantly higher than the other treatments.

Conclusions

The results revealed that MFFR has more potential as a soil amendment to improve soil structure and quality and thus help in the development and use of saline-sodic lands for agriculture.

     

不同添加方式的酸化剂对肉鸡生长性能和肠道发育的影响

本试验旨在研究不同添加方式的酸化剂对肉鸡生长性能和肠道发育的影响。选择1日龄、体重接近的健康白羽肉鸡512只,随机分为8组,每组8个重复,每个重复16只鸡。正常对照组(NC组)饲喂基础饲粮和基础饮用水,阳性对照组(PC组)饲喂基础饲粮+20 mg/kg维吉尼亚霉素和基础饮用水,饮水酸化剂组(WA组)饲喂基础饲粮和基础饮用水中添加0.1%酸化剂,饲粮酸化剂组(FA组)饲喂基础饲粮+0.2%酸化剂和基础饮用水。试验期42 d。结果表明：1)与NC组相比,WA和FA组的欧洲效益指数显著提高(P<0.05),且与PC组无显著差异(P>0.05)。与NC组相比,FA组的死亡率显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与NC组相比,WA和FA组的21日龄十二指肠隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),21和42日龄十二指肠绒隐比显著提高(P<0.05),且与PC组无显著差异(P>0.05)。与NC组相比,FA组的42日龄空肠绒隐比显著提高(P<0.05),21日龄回肠绒隐比显著提高(P<0.05),且与PC组无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与NC组相比,FA组的...     

基于响应面法的乳酸菌发酵藜麦秸秆工艺条件优化

为优化藜麦秸秆的乳酸菌发酵工艺条件,选取发酵时间、乳酸菌添加量和秸秆含水量3个因素,利用单因素试验和响应面分析探究不同发酵条件对发酵后藜麦秸秆感官品质和粗蛋白质含量的影响。响应面分析结果显示,3个因素对发酵后的藜麦秸秆粗蛋白质含量的影响从大到小依次为乳酸菌添加量>秸秆含水量>发酵时间,最佳工艺参数为发酵时间24.5 d,乳酸菌添加量12 mg·kg^-1,秸秆含水量60%。在此条件下,发酵后的藜麦秸秆粗蛋白质含量为(6.93±0.05)%。该结果可以为藜麦秸秆发酵饲料的开发提供技术支撑。     

不同促成栽培草莓果实品质及采后生理的研究

以不同促成栽培草莓果实为试材,在温度为(5±1)℃以及相对湿度(80±1.5)%避光条件下贮藏,研究了各品种果实品质和果实采后贮藏期间生理变化,为引进新品种和草莓果实贮藏保鲜提供理论依据.结果表明."甜查理"综合品质相对较好;试验证明在低温条件下贮藏,果实在前3d比较稳定,6d后果实腐烂指数显著增加,而且果实硬度越低,腐烂指数越大;果实呼吸速率第3d后明显增强,贮藏过程中,维生素C含量与超氧化物体歧化酶活性总体呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,丙二醛含量以及超氧阴离子代谢速率与腐烂指数呈正相关变化.这证明了果实腐烂与果实硬度的相关性,说明了果实腐烂与超氧阴离子以及丙二醛的积累有关,揭示了维生素C可能参与了果实衰老过程中自由基的清除.