气相色谱(GC)测定蔬菜中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量的不确定度计算与分析

为了分析NY/T 761-2008测定蔬菜中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量的不确定度主要来源,通过建立数学模型,应用灵敏系数法,分析主要检测操作步骤所引起的不确定,确定检测过程的不确定度主要来源,最后评估了标准合成不确定度和扩展不确定度.结果表明,应用NY/T 761-2008测定蔬菜中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量时,检测数据的不确定度主要来源于检测过程的分取提取液和净化后溶液定容这两个操作步骤以及GC仪器本身的误差.因此,为降低检测结果的不确定度,首先保证仪器良好的工作状态,并且在分取提取液和定容溶液时需尽可能操作精确.     

Distribution and characterization of class 1 integrons in Salmonella enterica serotype Gallinarum biotype Gallinarum

Fowl typhoid caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Gallinarum biotype Gallinarum is the most important chicken disease in Korea. Due to appearance of new or multiple antibiotics resistances in the recently isolated strains, it was difficult to control the disease using antibiotics in our country. Therefore, the prevalence and genetic contents of class 1 integrons in biotype Gallinarum isolated between 1992 and 2001 were investigated by PCR and direct sequencing, respectively. Out of 90 strains, 35 (39%) carried class 1 integrons. The 1.0, 1.6 and 2.0kbp amplicons were amplified in 32 strains (36%), 2 strains (2%) and 1 strain (1%), respectively. The 1.0, 1.6 and 2.0 kbp amplicons contained one (aadA1a), two (aadB-aadA1b) and three cassettes (dhfrXII-orfF-aadA2), respectively, providing resistances against aminoglycosides (aadA1a, aadA1b, aadB, and aadA2) and trimethoprim (dhfrXII). The integron-carrying strains of biotype Gallinarum appeared in 1996 and acquired additional cassettes in 2000. Although the resistances to ampicillin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol are unrelated to class 1 integrons, relatively high prevalence of integron in biotype Gallinarum may be a dormant threat to the chemotherapy of the disease in the near future because of potency to acquire additional antibiotics resistances.     

马铃薯输送臂防碰控制的研究——基于虚拟样机技术

结合马铃薯联合收获机输送臂系统的防碰工作原理,利用虚拟样机技术,建立输送臂的虚拟样机模型,并对二自由度输送臂系统的运动防碰进行了位置分析和预测,在基于对运动防碰问题分析的基础上,提出机械臂位置控制的算法。在虚拟样机软件ADAMS中建立了控制系统,并分析了系统运行的动态特性,得出输送臂的实际运动轨迹与理想轨迹基本接近的结论,解决了输送臂运动防碰问题,说明机械臂位置控的算法应用在马铃薯输送臂上是可行的。     

Study on dynamics of stem form of Korean pine trees in natural forest stand

INTRODUCTIONThcstcmfonl1ofnaturalKorcanpincforcst.ot\ingtothcsupprcsscdandshadcd,isvcry'difTcrcntt`iththatofplantation.Itis\'cry't'aluabIctostud}'thcstcmfonnforn1orcac-knot`lcdgcabouttl1ctrccd)-nan1icsofnaturalKorcanpinc.n1crcl1asbccnconsidcrabIcrescarchontl1cstc111for111cquationsasatoolforforcstmanagcmcnt,butitalmostbasnorclationshipt`-iththcbiologicalgrowthproccss.soitisx'ery'dimcuIttouscthccquationtoanalxrsisthcd\'amicsofstclllform.Hcrcthcdct'clopmcntofstcmformt"ascxPCctcdfornotonI\…     

抑制素主动免疫对母牛卵泡发育的影响

本试验以猪精液抑制素粗提物主动免疫母牛,研究了对母牛卵泡发育和内分泌的影响。免疫,母牛的卵泡发育率为１４５．５％,排卵率为１１８．２％,分别比对照组提高４５．５％和１８．２％。通过放射免疫法对免疫牛血液中ＦＳＨ,ＬＨ,Ｅ２水平测定发现,发情时免疫组母牛ＦＳＨ水平高于对照组,免疫组中多卵发育牛ＦＳＨ水平高于单卵牛,免疫组与对照组中ＬＨ水平相差不大,多卵牛发情时Ｅ２水平较高。     

DTOPSIS法综合评价大豆新品种的初步探索

介绍了ＤＴＯＰＳＩＳ法的基本原理和方法,并以大豆区试资料为例探讨了ＤＴＯＰＳＩＳ法在农作物新品种综合评价中的应用。结果表明该法比单用产量进行分析更为合理,并进一步讨论了ＤＴＯＰＳＩＳ法在遗传育种中的应用。     

Effect of nicotinic acid on the plasma membrane function and polyunsaturated fatty acids composition during cryopreservation in boar sperm

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of nicotinic acid on plasma membrane integrity and fatty acid composition in frozen–thawed boar sperm. Boar semen was cryopreserved using freezing extender containing nicotinic acid (NA), then plasma membrane integrity, osmotic equilibration, lipid peroxidation and fatty acid were analysed. The plasma membrane integrity of frozen–thawed sperm was significantly higher in the 10 mM NA than in the 0 and 20 mM NA treatment groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, the osmotic equilibration ability was not different in treatment groups, but lipid peroxidation was significantly decreased in the 10 mM NA treatment group (p < 0.05). The saturated fatty acids were significantly decreased in the 10 mM NA treatment group, and C18:1n‐9, C18:2n‐6, C20:4n‐6, C22:5n‐6 and C22:6n‐3, and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly increased in the 10 mM NA treatment groups (p < 0.05). In summary, 10 mM NA improved plasma membrane integrity, inhibited lipid peroxidation and increased PUFAs in frozen–thawed boar sperm. These results suggest that NA may be useful to protect the plasma membrane and inhibit the loss of PUFAs for sperm cryopreservation in pigs.     

不同生态亚区土壤和气候对浓香型烤烟光合特性和化学成分的影响

【目的】探讨主要生态因子对浓香型烤烟Nicotiana tabacum L.烟叶风格特征形成的影响。【方法】以‘粤烟97’为材料,利用南雄烟区帽子峰和古市生态亚区生态条件与地域的微观差异,在2个生态亚区之间互相置换相同质地土壤,设置4个处理,研究不同生态亚区土壤和气候因子对烟叶光合作用和烤后烟叶化学成分含量及协调性的影响。【结果】移栽50 d时,帽子峰土壤置换到古市(T1处理)后种植的烤烟的净光合速率比古市当地土壤和气候条件(T2处理)下种植的烤烟高3.66%;中部叶总糖、还原糖和淀粉含量分别降低5.74%、4.77%和10.73%,烟碱、K+和总氮含量分别提高6.49%、11.07%和11.34%。同时,古市土壤置换到帽子峰(T3处理)后种植的烤烟的净光合速率比帽子峰当地土壤和气候条件(T4处理)下种植的烤烟高1.81%;中部叶还原糖和烟碱含量分别降低10.02%和13.14%,淀粉含量提高9.30%。气候对总糖、还原糖、烟碱、总氮和淀粉含量,氮碱比,气孔导度,蒸腾速率,胞间CO2浓度和净光合速率均有显著影响;土壤与气候互作对还原糖、烟碱、总氮和淀粉含量,氮碱比及气孔导度有显著影响;土壤仅对K+和总氮含量及糖碱比有显著影响。【结论】气候是浓香型烟叶风格特征形成最主要的影响因子,尤其是伸根期与旺长期的降水量和平均气温,其次是土壤与气候互作,土壤因子的影响最小。古市的气候条件更适合浓香型优质烟叶的生产。     

泥炭复合基质对不同作物育苗效果的研究

用不同泥炭含量的土壤-泥炭复合基质进行玉米、菜豆、蓖麻种子育苗试验,结果表明,育苗基质中泥炭不同含量对作物种子萌发出苗和幼苗生长均有显著影响,且不同作物对基质泥炭比例有不同要求.对玉米、菜豆和蓖麻种子出苗的适宜基质泥炭含量分别为15%、10%和20%,而对其幼苗生长的适宜基质泥炭含量分别是20%、15%和25%.