不同播期对黑河38大豆生长动态及产量的影响

引进黑龙江省大豆品种黑河38,对不同播期处理的产量性状、生育期结构、叶面积指数消长、生物产量积累动态、器官平衡等进行了比较.结果表明:该品种在沈阳地区种植,随着播期延迟,生育日数逐渐缩短,最大叶面积指数下降、单株生物产量的积累减少.各播期间单株粒数、百粒重、小区产量差异显著,单位面积产量以6月9日播种最高,迟至7月11日播种,仍可获得较高产量,可作为春小麦或马铃薯下茬利用.以黑河、沈阳两地同期播种相比较,产量和品质差异较大.     

PEG模拟水分胁迫对桑种萌发及抗性生理生化指标的影响

以“桂优62号”桑种为材料,在不同浓度高分子量的聚乙二醇（PEG6000）模拟的水分胁迫条件下,以摇床培养方法对其进行萌发培养。测定不同浓度PEG溶液（30％、25％、20％和双蒸水）中萌发种子的相关抗性生化指标,实验结果经统计分析表明,当PEG浓度为30％时,萌发种子中的脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和丙二醛的含量均极显著地高于CK（双蒸水）,说明在高浓度PEG溶液处理下能够萌发的种子具有较强的抗水分胁迫的能力,可以作为桑树抗旱育种的选择依据之一。     

复合微生物制剂对重口裂腹鱼生长、消化酶活性、肠道菌群及水质指标的影响

本试验旨在研究复合微生物制剂对重口裂腹鱼生长、肠道消化酶和菌群以及水质指标的影响.选取健康平均体重(250.00±0.50)g的重口裂腹鱼180尾,随机分成2组(对照组和试验组),每组3个重复,每个重复30尾,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂在基础日粮中添加2‰复合微生物制剂的试验日粮,试验期120 d.结果显示:与对照组相比,饲喂复合微生物制剂可提高重口裂腹鱼的特定生长率和饲料效率,且随养殖时间的增加作用效果越明显;可显著提高前肠、中肠和后肠的蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性(P<0.01);可显著或极显著增加前、中、后肠芽孢杆菌、双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的菌群数量(P<0.01或P<0.05);可显著或极显著降低试验中、后期水体中活性磷酸盐和氨氮浓度(P<0.01或P<0.05).由结果可知,复合微生物制剂能改善水质,提高重口裂腹鱼肠道消化酶活性、增加肠道有益菌群数(芽孢杆菌、双歧杆菌和乳杆菌),促进鱼体生长.     

冬小麦品种的HMW-GS组成和1BL/1RS易位分布及其与品质性状的关系研究

研究了我国代表性冬小麦品种(系)高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)以及1BL/1RS易位的分布和组成,探讨了其对揉面仪特性等小麦加工品质性状的影响,结果表明:在Glu-A1位点,我国小麦品种中1亚基的频率为64.0%,N亚基为32.5%,2*亚基频率低,为3.5%;在Glu-B1位点,7 9亚基占56.8%,7 8亚基为26.4%,14 15亚基为10.7%,而20,13 16,7亚基的材料极少(频率分别为3.6%,1.5%和1%);在Glu-D1位点,2 12和4 12亚基合计占63.0%,而5 10亚基的比例偏低,为37.0%.1BL/1RS易位系的比例仍然偏高,为50.8%.HMW-GS组成及1BL/1RS易位对小麦加工品质影响较大,其中5 10亚基对小麦绝大多数加工品质指标起正向作用,而1BL/1RS易位对大多数品质指标起负向作用.因此,我国小麦品种5 10亚基的频率仍然偏低,1BL/1RS易位系频率仍然偏高,可能正是目前我国小麦生产中优质品种面筋强度不够,品质稳定性差的原因所在.根据SDS-PAGE麦谷蛋白电泳结果或分子标记进行优质高、低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基选择,提高5 10等优质亚基的比例,并根据醇溶蛋白电泳结果进行1BL/1RS易位筛选,降低1BL/1RS频率,应成为今后我国优质小麦育种的重要目标和手段之一.     

Alteration of apoptotic susceptibility and bcl-2 gene in malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells

AIM: To demonstrate the susceptibility of cell apoptosis varies during the progress of cell malignant transformation from human being in vitro. METHODS: A SV₄₀T-transfected human bronchial epithelial immortalized cell line (called M) was selected in this work, which has acquired some characteristics of malignant transformation at the later passage. The alterations of apoptosis and bcl-2, P53 genes between early and later passage of M cells were investigated by means of TDT labeling in situ, chromosome FISH, RNA and protein testing, etc. RESULTS: Incidence of apoptosis induced by cis-platin was significantly lower in later than in early passages of M. Levels of bcl-2 mRNA and protein in later passages were higher than early passages of M, and overexpression of bcl-2 was accumulated following the development of cellular malignancy. P53 protein level was as high in early as in later passages. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of bcl-2 decreases the cellular sensitivity to apoptotic inductors plays an important role during progress of carcinogenesis in human bronchial epithelial cancers. The inactivation of P53 protein in the SV₄₀-T transfected M cell line may be one of reasons of bcl-2 overexpression, but not associated with the accumulation of bcl-2 expressed level during cell transformation.     

Effects of psychological stress on in vitro expression of activated surface molecules on T cells of peripheral blood from healthy persons

AIM: To study cellular and molecular mechanism involved in increasing susceptibility of infection in psychological stress persons. METHODS: Comparative studies were performed with double staining and flow cytometry analysis on immunophenotyping and in vitro expression of early activating surface molecule CD69 in response to mitogens on T cells from peripheral blood of 20 healthy college student volunteers before and after psychological stress. A series of term final examinations was defined as psychological stress. RESULTS: Immunophenotyping analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the percentage of CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD20, CD16 and CD56 positive lymphocyte populations before and after psychological stress. There was a statistically significant decrease in the in vitro expression of CD69 in response to polyclonal stimulators on the T cells from persons after psychological stress than those before psychological stress. The percentage of CD69 expression (CD69⁺CD3⁺/CD3⁺%) in response to PHA and PDB in the whole blood culture for 72 hours decreased respectively from 28.1±4.1 and 80.7±6.8 on the T cells obtained before psychological stress to 17.6±3.8 and 65.8±7.9 on those obtained after psychological stress, while there was no statistically significant difference between the CD69 expression rates without stimulators on the T cells obtained before and after psychological stress. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of psychological stress to immune system is not on the level of changing proportions of the sub-populations within peripheral blood lymphocytes. Psychological stress can decrease the activating response of T cells in healthy persons, which may be responsible for the increase of susceptibility to infection in the psychological stress persons.     

CYP450 epoxygenase/EET pathway attenuates adipose inflammation of obese mice through HIF-1α

AIM To investigate the effects of cytochrome P450 （CYP450） epoxygenase/epoxyeicosatrienoic acid （EET） pathway on insulin resistance in obese mice, and to explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS High-fat diet-induced obesity model was established in C57BL/6Cnc mice, and the obese mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, including obesity group （treated with saline; n=10）, EET group （treated with 11,12-EET; n=10） and EET inhibitor 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5（Z）-enoic acid （EEZE） group （n=10）. Normal C57BL/6Cnc mice （n=10） treated with saline served as control. Protein expression of CYP2J2 （one of CYP450 epoxygenases） and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α） was measured by Western blot. Vessel-like structure was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The serum levels of insulin, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interleukin （IL）-1β, IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1） were measured by ELISA. RESULTS In obese mice, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） values were increased, the protein level of CYP2J2 was reduced, and the protein level of HIF-1α was increased in adipose tissues as compared with the controls （P<0.05）. The serum levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were also significantly increased in obese mice （P<0.05）. After treatment with 11, 12-EET, the HOMA-IR values were decreased compared with vehicle-treated obese mice, HIF-1α expression levels were decreased in the adipose tissue, and the serum levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were reduced （P<0.05）. Immunohistochemical results of adipose tissue from vehicle-treated obese mice showed a marked decrease in vessel-like structures （CD31-positive） compared with normal control mice （P<0.05）. EET treatment significantly increased the newly formed vessel-like structures in the visceral adipose tissues of obese mice as compared with vehicle-treated obese mice （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION High-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance are closely related to the CYP450 pathway. Exogenous EETs effectively decrease obesity-induced insulin resistance possibly through pro-angiogenesis and attenuation of hypoxia and inflammation.     

岱海表层沉积物中氮素的水平分布及环境意义

针对岱海湖泊富营养化日趋严重及其水域面积逐渐萎缩的现实,本文系统地研究了TN、NH4^＋-N、NO3^--N和Org—N在岱海表层沉积物中的空间分布规律及其环境意义。结果表明,岱海表层沉积物中氮素的水平分布格局均体现出西北部、北部和东北部为高值区的特征,揭示出岱海的氮污染源主要分布于北岸和西北岸;岱海表层沉积物中氮的主要存在形式为有机氮,铵氮则为无机氮的主要存在形态;表层沉积物中全氮对底栖生物已经具有最低级别的生态毒性效应,对底栖生物群落及生态环境构成了威胁。     

微生物菌剂处理富营养化景观水体的室内试验研究

利用含有光合细菌、放线菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌的复合微生物菌剂,在室内采用投菌法对富营养化人工景观湖水进行净化试验。结果表明,采用不同投加量的菌剂对水体进行处理,水体中的总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、COD队浊度显著降低。投加量为0．01％的处理效果最好,经过处理后。水体中TN浓度为1．31mg·L^-1,TP为0．03mg·L^-1;CODCr为19．38mg·L^-1综合多种水质指标,均能达到地面水环境质量Ⅳ类标准,满足非人体接触游乐区的水质要求,符合GB12941—91景观娱乐用水C类标准,藻类基本得到控制。     

活性炭吸附汽油机冷起动HC排放的实验

为控制汽油机的冷起动HC排放,开发了一个活性炭吸附器,用于吸附车用汽油机冷起动阶段排放的HC。吸附材料采用煤质蜂窝状定型活性炭块,吸附器外表面用薄钢板焊接封装,整个吸附器串接在排气管上。进行汽油机冷起动排放实验,测量起动后200s内的HC排放量,实验结果表明,在冷却水温度为20U、40℃、60℃和85℃时,活性炭吸附器对HC的吸附率分别达到86．64％、70．34％、79．69％、77．45％。