PEG模拟水分胁迫对桑种萌发及抗性生理生化指标的影响

以“桂优62号”桑种为材料,在不同浓度高分子量的聚乙二醇（PEG6000）模拟的水分胁迫条件下,以摇床培养方法对其进行萌发培养。测定不同浓度PEG溶液（30％、25％、20％和双蒸水）中萌发种子的相关抗性生化指标,实验结果经统计分析表明,当PEG浓度为30％时,萌发种子中的脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和丙二醛的含量均极显著地高于CK（双蒸水）,说明在高浓度PEG溶液处理下能够萌发的种子具有较强的抗水分胁迫的能力,可以作为桑树抗旱育种的选择依据之一。     

复合微生物制剂对重口裂腹鱼生长、消化酶活性、肠道菌群及水质指标的影响

本试验旨在研究复合微生物制剂对重口裂腹鱼生长、肠道消化酶和菌群以及水质指标的影响.选取健康平均体重(250.00±0.50)g的重口裂腹鱼180尾,随机分成2组(对照组和试验组),每组3个重复,每个重复30尾,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂在基础日粮中添加2‰复合微生物制剂的试验日粮,试验期120 d.结果显示:与对照组相比,饲喂复合微生物制剂可提高重口裂腹鱼的特定生长率和饲料效率,且随养殖时间的增加作用效果越明显;可显著提高前肠、中肠和后肠的蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性(P<0.01);可显著或极显著增加前、中、后肠芽孢杆菌、双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的菌群数量(P<0.01或P<0.05);可显著或极显著降低试验中、后期水体中活性磷酸盐和氨氮浓度(P<0.01或P<0.05).由结果可知,复合微生物制剂能改善水质,提高重口裂腹鱼肠道消化酶活性、增加肠道有益菌群数(芽孢杆菌、双歧杆菌和乳杆菌),促进鱼体生长.     

Alteration of apoptotic susceptibility and bcl-2 gene in malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells

AIM: To demonstrate the susceptibility of cell apoptosis varies during the progress of cell malignant transformation from human being in vitro. METHODS: A SV₄₀T-transfected human bronchial epithelial immortalized cell line (called M) was selected in this work, which has acquired some characteristics of malignant transformation at the later passage. The alterations of apoptosis and bcl-2, P53 genes between early and later passage of M cells were investigated by means of TDT labeling in situ, chromosome FISH, RNA and protein testing, etc. RESULTS: Incidence of apoptosis induced by cis-platin was significantly lower in later than in early passages of M. Levels of bcl-2 mRNA and protein in later passages were higher than early passages of M, and overexpression of bcl-2 was accumulated following the development of cellular malignancy. P53 protein level was as high in early as in later passages. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of bcl-2 decreases the cellular sensitivity to apoptotic inductors plays an important role during progress of carcinogenesis in human bronchial epithelial cancers. The inactivation of P53 protein in the SV₄₀-T transfected M cell line may be one of reasons of bcl-2 overexpression, but not associated with the accumulation of bcl-2 expressed level during cell transformation.     

Effects of psychological stress on in vitro expression of activated surface molecules on T cells of peripheral blood from healthy persons

AIM: To study cellular and molecular mechanism involved in increasing susceptibility of infection in psychological stress persons. METHODS: Comparative studies were performed with double staining and flow cytometry analysis on immunophenotyping and in vitro expression of early activating surface molecule CD69 in response to mitogens on T cells from peripheral blood of 20 healthy college student volunteers before and after psychological stress. A series of term final examinations was defined as psychological stress. RESULTS: Immunophenotyping analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the percentage of CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD20, CD16 and CD56 positive lymphocyte populations before and after psychological stress. There was a statistically significant decrease in the in vitro expression of CD69 in response to polyclonal stimulators on the T cells from persons after psychological stress than those before psychological stress. The percentage of CD69 expression (CD69⁺CD3⁺/CD3⁺%) in response to PHA and PDB in the whole blood culture for 72 hours decreased respectively from 28.1±4.1 and 80.7±6.8 on the T cells obtained before psychological stress to 17.6±3.8 and 65.8±7.9 on those obtained after psychological stress, while there was no statistically significant difference between the CD69 expression rates without stimulators on the T cells obtained before and after psychological stress. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of psychological stress to immune system is not on the level of changing proportions of the sub-populations within peripheral blood lymphocytes. Psychological stress can decrease the activating response of T cells in healthy persons, which may be responsible for the increase of susceptibility to infection in the psychological stress persons.     

CYP450 epoxygenase/EET pathway attenuates adipose inflammation of obese mice through HIF-1α

AIM To investigate the effects of cytochrome P450 （CYP450） epoxygenase/epoxyeicosatrienoic acid （EET） pathway on insulin resistance in obese mice, and to explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS High-fat diet-induced obesity model was established in C57BL/6Cnc mice, and the obese mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, including obesity group （treated with saline; n=10）, EET group （treated with 11,12-EET; n=10） and EET inhibitor 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5（Z）-enoic acid （EEZE） group （n=10）. Normal C57BL/6Cnc mice （n=10） treated with saline served as control. Protein expression of CYP2J2 （one of CYP450 epoxygenases） and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α） was measured by Western blot. Vessel-like structure was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The serum levels of insulin, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interleukin （IL）-1β, IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1） were measured by ELISA. RESULTS In obese mice, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） values were increased, the protein level of CYP2J2 was reduced, and the protein level of HIF-1α was increased in adipose tissues as compared with the controls （P<0.05）. The serum levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were also significantly increased in obese mice （P<0.05）. After treatment with 11, 12-EET, the HOMA-IR values were decreased compared with vehicle-treated obese mice, HIF-1α expression levels were decreased in the adipose tissue, and the serum levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were reduced （P<0.05）. Immunohistochemical results of adipose tissue from vehicle-treated obese mice showed a marked decrease in vessel-like structures （CD31-positive） compared with normal control mice （P<0.05）. EET treatment significantly increased the newly formed vessel-like structures in the visceral adipose tissues of obese mice as compared with vehicle-treated obese mice （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION High-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance are closely related to the CYP450 pathway. Exogenous EETs effectively decrease obesity-induced insulin resistance possibly through pro-angiogenesis and attenuation of hypoxia and inflammation.     

岱海表层沉积物中氮素的水平分布及环境意义

针对岱海湖泊富营养化日趋严重及其水域面积逐渐萎缩的现实,本文系统地研究了TN、NH4^＋-N、NO3^--N和Org—N在岱海表层沉积物中的空间分布规律及其环境意义。结果表明,岱海表层沉积物中氮素的水平分布格局均体现出西北部、北部和东北部为高值区的特征,揭示出岱海的氮污染源主要分布于北岸和西北岸;岱海表层沉积物中氮的主要存在形式为有机氮,铵氮则为无机氮的主要存在形态;表层沉积物中全氮对底栖生物已经具有最低级别的生态毒性效应,对底栖生物群落及生态环境构成了威胁。     

不同施肥处理对镉污染土壤雪里蕻光合特性的影响

通过盆栽试验研究了Cd污染土壤不同施肥处理对雪里蕻光合特性的影响,以期通过有效的农业措施降低土壤重金属污染对人类健康的影响.结果表明:不同施肥处理显著提高了雪里蕻的叶绿素含量和对光照强度的适应范围,使净光合速率(Pn)、光饱和点(LSP)和表观量子效率(AQY)显著升高,使光补偿点(LCP)降低.施用有机肥可以保持较高的Pn、LSP和AQY,而且与有机肥的施用方式有关.增施磷肥使雪里蕻的Pn和LSP最大.各施肥处理下Fv/Fm的值均大于0.8,表明雪里蕻未受到光抑制.可见,适宜的施肥措施可以改善Cd污染土壤雪里蕻的光合特性,从而促进其生长.     

现代生物技术在鲑鳟鱼类品种遗传改良中的研究进展

自从1970以来,渔业作为提供动物性食品增长最快速的行业,平均每年增长8.9%。自1950年到1990年间渔业捕捞量增加了5倍,但在最近15年间增长缓慢甚至出现停滞,而世界水产品消费则从1961年的280万吨增长到2001年的963万吨,增长了3倍之多,预计到2015年全球渔业产品的     

推广BMFB-4型高效免耕施肥播种机——提高保护性耕作机械化水平

我国农业生产环境脆弱,水资源紧缺,现有耕地94970khm^2,旱区约占60％,主要分布在日照长、温差大、富有农业生产潜力的北方和中西部地区。传统的耕作方式使土壤由于过度耕作而造成地表裸露,耕地退化,生态环境恶化。特别是近年来北方尘暴、沙化愈来愈烈,极大制约了农业的发展。迫切需要大力推广应用保护性耕作技术。对农田实行免耕少耕、残茬覆盖、生物覆盖、尽可能减少土壤耕作,减少土壤风蚀、水蚀,提高土壤肥力和抗旱能力。     

三系杂交粳稻新组合津粳优2018

津粳优2018是天津市国瑞谷物科技发展有限公司以优良BT型三系不育系津20A为母本,优良恢复系津恢18号为父本配组育成的杂交粳稻新组合,2017年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定,适宜在河南沿黄河及信阳地区、山东南部、江苏淮河以北、安徽沿淮河及淮河以北地区种植.