精粗比条件下新疆芦苇在断奶初期奶公犊瘤胃内动态降解的研究

选用3头三月龄左右装有瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦公犊,按3×3完全拉丁方试验设计,喂给三种日粮,日粮组成按精粗比分别表示为:Ⅰ:70∶30;Ⅱ:60∶40;Ⅲ:50∶50,研究不同日粮组成下新疆芦苇的DM、CP以及NDF在断奶初期奶公犊瘤胃内动态降解。结果表明:精粗比为60∶40日粮时,其CP的消失率和降解参数显著低于精粗比为70∶30和50∶50的日粮(P<0.05);其DM和NDF的消失率和降解参数显著高于精粗比为70∶30和50∶50的日粮(P<0.05)。     

枸杞果实发育模式及营养物含量变化研究

通过对枸杞果实发育过程中果实生长模式、碳水化合物、有机酸、Vc、可溶性蛋白质、多糖、类胡萝卜素含量的测定，系统分析它们在果实整个生长发育过程中的动态变化。结果表明枸杞果实发育呈双“S”曲线；可溶性总糖、还原糖含量生长前期变化不明显，近成熟时迅速积累至最高；淀粉含量前期积累，后期降低。成熟时果实中不含淀粉；总酸含量呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势；Vc含量变化总体上呈先升高后降低的变化趋势；果实在发育前期可溶性蛋白质含量较低。随后升高。至花后27d达最高峰，以后逐渐减少；多糖、类胡萝卜素含量在发育前期较低，于花后27d迅速增加，到成熟时达最大值。     

塔里木河流域水资源利用面临的主要问题

塔里木河流域由水引起的生态恶化,在我国内陆河流中具有代表性.研究表明:塔里木河流域近40 a源流来水量呈增加趋势,特别是近10 a增加更为明显.说明随着全球气候的变化,塔里木河源流区的水情得到好转.但在近10 a源流补给干流的水量增加不足1×108 m3/a, 特别是干流沿程各站点的径流量仍呈显著的线性递减趋势,表明塔里木河源流连续10 a的丰水期,并没有改变干流环境恶化的局面.在此基础上,总结塔里木河流域水资源利用存在的主要问题,并提出塔里木河流域水资源可持续利用的基本对策.     

退耕还林政策实施对退耕者经济纯效益的影响评价——以甘肃4个退耕还林试点县为例

在总结前人对退耕还林政策实施效果评价的基础上,从退耕者所得到的经济效益角度,评价退耕还林政策的方法,并以甘肃4个退耕还林试点县为例进行实证研究.具体步骤为:首先,构建评价所需的指标体系,然后通过实地调查得到所需指标数据,再运用费用效益法估算政策实施前后退耕者所得纯经济效益.最后,运用比较分析法对比政策实施前后退耕者所得纯经济效益的大小,从而实现退耕还林政策对退耕者经济纯效益的影响评价.     

应用高光谱数据定量反演查干湖水质参数研究

湖泊水质下降和富营养化问题日益严重,传统监测方法已经日益不能满足水质监测的需要。该文通过野外高光谱仪器测定查干湖水体反射光谱,分析研究水体反射光谱特征与水质参数叶绿素a含量、透明度和浊度之间的关系,运用多种半经验算法建立反演模型。结果表明:单波段光谱反射率与叶绿素a和浊度的相关系数较小,但与透明度相关系数较高;光谱反射率通过对数、比值转换,可以有效的提高叶绿素a和浊度估测模型的精度,却对透明度作用不大。总体来说,叶绿素a和浊度估测模型效果较好,透明度高光谱估测模型相对较差,需进一步研究。     

西宁市朝阳地区斜面草坪的建植与品质评定

：通过对青海西宁朝阳区高速公路网斜面护坡不同品种草坪的建植，总结斜面草坪在西宁地区的建植技术，并根据不同类型草坪评价指标的权重，对草坪的密度、质地、叶色、均一性、覆盖度、越冬力、草坪强度等7项指标进行了测定，结果表明：在西宁地区用紫羊茅＋高羊茅＋多年生黑麦草直播和草地早熟禾直播建植斜面草坪，在观赏和水土保持性能方面表现突出，可在西宁地区斜坡绿化地带推广。     

Isolation and Identification of Enterococcus faecalis from Fur-bearing Animals

In order to obtain Enterococcus faecalis from fur animals and evaluate its prebiotic properties,in this study,Enterococcus faecalis was isolated from the feces of healthy adult fur-bearing animals (mink,fox,raccoon dog),identified by morphological observation,biochemical test and 16S rRNA sequence analysis.The growth curve,acid production capacity and antibiotic sensitivity of the Enterococcus faecalis isolates were measured to evaluate their probiotic properties.Some strains were selected to determine their tolerance to temperature,artificial gastric juice and artificial bile salt.The results showed that five strains were Gram-positive,and their biochemical characteristics were basically consistent with the standard strains of Enterococcus faecalis,and they were identified as Enterococcus faecalis by 16S rRNA sequence analysis.The five strains all entered the logarithmic phase at 2 h after culture,and entered the stable phase at 8-10 h,and had weak acid production capacity.The resistance rate of the isolates to tetracycline and levofloxacin was 100%,followed by penicillin (80%),erythromycin (80%),gentamicin (80%) and chloramphenicol (40%).All the isolates were sensitive to ampicillin and vancomycin.Enterococcus faecalis from mink,fox and raccoon dog had strong tolerance to temperature below 60 ℃,artificial gastric juice with pH>3.0 and 0.3%-0.5% concentration of bile salt,but poor tolerance to temperature above 70 ℃,and artificial gastric juice with pH<3.0.In conclusion,five strains of Enterococcus faecalis from fur animals (mink,fox,raccoon dog) were obtained in this study.The isolated strains propagated rapidly,which were suitable for colonization and played a prebiotic role in fur animals' intestines,and had good prebiotic characteristics and stress resistance.They could be used as candidate strains for animal microbiological agents for further study.     

福安特抗小鼠移植性肿瘤的实验研究Ⅰ

目前，肿瘤预防研究的主要研究目标之一是寻找高效、低毒的药物。作为福安特注射液主要成分的熊果酸，1990年就被日本列为最有希望的肿瘤预防药物之一。熊果酸（ursolic acid，UA）又名乌索酸，乌苏酸，属三萜类化合物，抗肿瘤活性是熊果酸最主要的药理作用，同时也具有其他广泛的生物活性，     

硒营养对蛋鸡强制换羽的影响研究

本试验旨在通过在日粮中添加不同剂量的硒(0、0.05、0.1、0.2mg/kg日粮),研究蛋鸡换羽过程中激素的变化,探讨硒影响强制换羽的机理。试验结果表明:微量元素硒能够影响换羽过程中血浆T3、T4、促黄体生成激素、黄体酮、雌二醇含量,但是硒参与强制换羽与硒对甲状腺激素代谢的影响无关,硒可能是参与了促黄体生成激素、黄体酮、雌二醇的代谢影响了强制换羽的效果。