Electrospun in-situ hybrid polyurethane/nano-TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> as wound dressings

By combining the organic-inorganic hybridization, wet phase inversion, and electrospinning, novel electrospun polyurethane (PU) membranes with in-situ generated nano-TiO₂ were prepared, which satisfied the requirements of an ideal wound dressing. The morphology of the PU-TiO₂ mats and the cross sectional morphologies of the membranes were characterized by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The average diameter of the individual fibers obtained from the solutions was 341±12 nm. SEM micrographs with higher magnification further showed that the in-situ generated TiO₂ particles were well-separated and dispersed homogeneously in the membranes. The average sizes of TiO₂ particles were increased from 31 to 57 nm, with the increase of nano-TiO₂ concentration. The water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs) of the membranes were in the range of 373.55–3121.86 g/m²·d and decreased gradually with the increase of nano-TiO₂ concentration. The water absorption of various PU membranes was in the range of 210.90–397.98 % which was enough to prevent wound beds from exudate accumulation. Shake flask testing indicated that the PU membrane exhibited antibacterial efficiency against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Ps. aeruginosa) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) due to in-situ generated of nano-TiO₂. These electrospun nanofibrous membranes also had no toxic effect and showed good and immediate adherence to L929 cells.     

四川三个藏猪群体的微卫星遗传多样性分析

本研究利用已开发的18对微卫星引物,分析了四川境内阿坝、稻城和德格三个藏猪群体共143个个体18条常染色体上的微卫星遗传多样性。结果表明:阿坝藏猪群体多态信息含量和观测杂合度比其他两群低,群体遗传变异较小;三个群体Nei氏标准遗传距离均在0.6以上,平均基因流值大于1,表明三个群体各有特点,群内基因交流频繁。     

Curcumin ameliorates high glucose-induced dysfunction of vasoconstriction via heme oxygenase-1 and GC pathway

AIM: To explore the protective effect of curcumin on high glucose-induced decrease in contraction of isolated rat aortic rings, and to elucidate its underlying mechanism. METHODS: The thoracic aortic rings with endothelium of male Sprague-Dawley rats were mounted on a bath system. Isometric contractions of aortic rings were measured. HO activity was also evaluated. RESULTS: (1)Four hours after incubated with 44 mmol/L of glucose (high glucose), the vascular contraction responses to phenylephrine (PE) decreased compared to control group (containing 11 mmol/L of glucose). (2)Coincubation with curcumin (3×10-11-3×10-10 mol/L) and high glucose, the high glucose-induced decrease in contraction responses to PE of arteries was partly inhibited. (3)Four hours after incubation with curcumin, the HO activity in thoracic aorta increased. ZnPP, an inhibitor of HO-1, completely abrogated the protection effect of curcumin. (4)Methylene blue, an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase (GC), partly abolished the protective effect of curcumin. CONCLUSION: Curcumin prevents the high glucose-induced decrease in contraction responses to PE in intact aortic rings. The mechanism might be mainly involved in the activation of HO-1 and GC.     

藏猪氟烷基因PCR-RFLP和序列多态性分析

本文应用PCR方法,体外扩增了94头藏猪的氟烷基因18149～18760位之间612bp的片段（包含完整的外显子17和cDNA C1843→T1843突变位点）,采用HhaⅠ内切酶对扩增产物进行了酶切多态性分析,发现94头藏猪个体都呈现氟烷阳性。并对4个藏猪个体的氟烷基因的612bp片段进行序列测定,测定结果与GenBank中Brening公布的序列和帅素容测定的6个中国地方猪种氟烷基因序列的相同区段进行比较分析,结果表明,本文所测藏猪序列共发现2个变异位点,都发生在内含子区段,皆为转换型突变;在内含子16内有1个位点存在转换型杂合子。在4个藏猪个体中未发现cDNA C1843→T1843突变位点。     

土壤耕作方式对双季稻产量构成与穗镉积累的影响

为比较研究不同土壤耕作方式(翻耕、旋耕、免耕)对南方双季稻区水稻产量构成与稻穗镉积累分配特性的影响,探讨镉污染稻田双季稻最优土壤耕作方式,2015—2017年,以"陵两优211"与"威优46"为早、晚稻供试品种,在湖南省湘潭县易俗河镇中度镉污染稻田(全镉含量0.86 mg/kg)开展定位试验,比较研究了双季免耕、双季翻耕、双季旋耕、早旋晚免、早翻晚免5种土壤耕作方式下土壤有效镉含量、双季稻的产量构成与穗镉积累分配情况。结果表明:(1)双季稻产量以双季翻耕处理最高,早翻晚免处理次之,双季旋耕与早旋晚免处理再次之,双季免耕处理最低;翻耕处理产量最高的原因在于其有效穗数与每穗粒数较高。(2)齐穗期至成熟期,穗镉含量一般呈增长趋势;第1年早晚稻齐穗期穗镉含量以免耕处理最高,但免耕能明显降低水稻齐穗至成熟期穗镉含量的增长速率;早晚稻成熟期穗镉含量一般以翻耕处理较高,免耕与旋耕处理较低,免耕与旋耕处理有差异但在不同年份与季别间表现不尽相同。(3)成熟期稻穗各部位镉含量趋势表现为枝梗谷壳糙米;第1年糙米镉含量以免耕处理较高,但第2,3年呈现免耕处理低于翻耕与旋耕处理的趋势。(4)第1年早、晚稻穗镉累积量均以旋耕处理较低,但第2,3年均以免耕处理较低。(5)较其他处理而言,双季免耕明显提高了土壤有效镉含量,双季旋耕则降低了土壤有效镉含量。3年定位试验表明,土壤耕作方式对镉污染稻田土壤有效镉含量、双季稻产量构成与稻穗镉积累分配有明显影响,从保证双季稻产量、降低稻米镉含量与轻简省工的角度出发,早翻晚免是中度镉污染双季稻田的最优土壤耕作方式。     

荸荠苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因的克隆和表达

【目的】克隆荸荠Eleocharis tuberosa苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因(PAL),分析其序列特征及其在荸荠不同组织中和鲜切荸荠贮藏过程中的表达情况,为揭示鲜切荸荠黄化机理提供理论依据。【方法】通过RT-PCR和RACE技术从荸荠中克隆PAL基因的cDNA全长,采用生物信息学方法对其序列和所编码的蛋白进行预测分析,利用荧光定量PCR技术分析PAL基因在荸荠不同组织和鲜切荸荠贮藏过程中的表达情况。【结果】克隆得到荸荠PAL基因全长cDNA,将其命名为CwPAL,该序列长度为2 485 bp,含有1个2 142 bp的完整开放阅读框,共编码713个氨基酸。CwPAL蛋白分子式为C3437H5514N944O1058S34,相对分子质量为78 079,等电点为5.97,原子总数为10 987个。CwPAL包含PAL-HAL和PLN02457结构域及典型的PAL酶活性中心序列(GTITASGDLVPLSYIAG)。CwPAL的二级结构以α–螺旋为主,其三维结构模型呈典型的"海马状"结构。系统进化分析表明,CwPAL与菠萝Ananas comosus和海枣Phoenix dactylifera的PAL蛋白亲缘关系较近。荧光定量PCR分析表明,CwPAL基因在荸荠皮中的表达量最高,鲜切荸荠贮藏过程中CwPAL基因表达量快速上升,水杨酸处理显著抑制了CwPAL基因的表达。【结论】Cw PAL属于典型的苯丙氨酸解氨酶家族,该基因可能通过调控苯丙烷代谢从而影响鲜切荸荠的黄化。     

11个猪品种生长激素(pGH)基因多态性及其遗传分化研究

利用PCR和测序技术,检测了11个猪品种共65个个体的生长激素(pGH)基因全序列多态性,发现43个SNPs和1个位于内含子3的7 bp缺失片段。分析结果表明,pGH基因DNA序列不同功能区变异程度各不相同,外显子区、内含子区、5′和3′端非编码区SNPs位点各占SNPs位点总数的18.60%、74.42%、6.98%;外显子区8个SNPs位点导致4个氨基酸位点变异,外显子2是编码区的高变域;各SNPs的变异属典型的中性突变;不同品种有其独特的单倍型。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果表明,pGH基因DNA序列品种内的变异(方差比率73.45%)大于品种间的变异(方差比率26.55%),品种间差异极显著(P<0.01),存在较明显的遗传分化;pGH基因自身进化及品种进化主要体现在内含子区,品种间的遗传分化与地理分布和基因交流有关。     

纳豆芽孢杆菌益生菌株B2的筛选与鉴定

根据纳豆芽孢杆菌水解淀粉的生物学特性,采用稀释平板分离法,从中国传统食品豆豉中筛选出2株纳豆芽孢杆菌优势益生菌株。通过比较这2个分离菌株与实验室保存的纳豆芽孢杆菌菌株的耐受性和抑菌能力,从中选出1株最优菌株B2。     

12个多花黑麦草品种(系)在成都平原的生产性能和营养价值综合评价

为筛选适宜在成都平原地区种植的多花黑麦草品种(系),本研究通过田间试验测定了12个多花黑麦草品种(系)的生长速度、茎叶比、刈割高度、干草产量、鲜草产量等生产性能指标,并利用近红外光谱(NIRS)技术对不同刈割时期的4个营养成分动态进行测定分析.结果表明,参试多花黑麦草在3～4月生长速度最快,日均生长速度达2.05～2....     

基于权重自动调整神经网络的水稻病虫害诊断专家系统

针对水稻病虫害诊断特点,从人工智能角度出发,提出了一种基于权重自动调整的神经网络水稻病虫害的知识组织方式。文章以15种常见水稻病虫害为例,通过对病虫害症状的特点和特征进行分类、抽象和编码,构建了基于权重自动调整的BP神经网络。利用神经网络和不确定性推理技术,对实例样本进行训练学习,并将权值数据作为知识库来进行诊断,并基于这种方法构建了水稻病虫害神经网络诊断专家系统。