基于Meta分析研究毛竹入侵致土壤pH提升及养分和微生物群落结构的变化

诸多研究发现毛竹入侵周围林分提高土壤pH，但未见统计性描述报道。为此，本研究将通过大数据分析证实此现象的普遍性以及探究伴随的土壤养分和微生物变化。本研究收录包含毛竹入侵有关土壤pH变化的42篇文献总计101组数据，采用整合分析方法（Meta-analysis）进行深入探讨。在研究土壤养分变化时，本文还结合了团队采集的12个毛竹入侵带的样地数据总计92个样品18组数据进行分析。结果表明，在所有的数据组中，84.9%的土壤在经过毛竹入侵后其pH有不同幅度的提升，说明毛竹入侵周围林分普遍提高土壤pH；土壤pH增加幅度随入侵阶段、毛竹纯林时间增加而增加，随土层深度增加而降低；入侵针叶林致土壤pH增加的幅度高于阔叶林。入侵的毛竹纯林与原生林相比，总体上显著降低（P<0.05）了土壤全氮（-15.9%）、硝态氮（-21.7%）、全碳（-2.0%），却增加（P<0.05）了土壤有效磷（+54.9%）、铵态氮（+14.7%）和碱解氮（+8.2%）。对27篇包含微生物数据的文献进行整合分析，结果表明毛竹入侵改变了微生物群落结构，增加（P<0.05）了放线菌门相对丰度（+25.86%），而降低（P<0.05）了酸杆菌门（-15.49%）、浮霉菌门（-26.66%）、拟杆菌门（-22.58%）的相对丰度。本研究通过Meta分析证明毛竹入侵周围林分提高土壤pH为普遍自然现象，结合土壤硝态氮和铵态氮指标的变化推测了导致土壤pH提升的可能机制，毛竹入侵提高了土壤细菌和真菌多样性，表明入侵对土壤微生物具有正反馈效应。     

半喂入联合收割机的研究与分析

通 过分析目前大量 推广的全喂入联合 收割机的 优缺点，提 出了研究 半喂入联合 收割机的 迫切性和研究中必须注意的几个技术问题⒚根据国内外现状并结 合自身的实践，对两个关键部件—— 割台部件和脱粒部件，提出了可供研究分析的技术方案⒚     

Mechanism responsible for pulmonary fibrosis induced by concomitant chronic smoke exposure and pentoxifylline administration

AIM: To investigate the impact of long-term administration of pentoxifylline (PTX) on morphology and inflammation of the lung in mouse models with chronic exposure of cigarette smoke. METHODS: Male BALB/c mice were randomized into the following four study groups: smoke-exposure only, shamed smoke-exposure, smoke-exposure and PTX administration, shamed smoke-exposure and PTX administration. Animals assigned to smoke-exposure were put inside a chamber twice a day for cigarette smoke exposure. The oral dose of PTX allocated to each mouse was about 20 mg·kg-1·d-1. Animals were sacrificed anaesthetically at day 120. Slices of lung were stained with H&E for pathological analysis. Modified ashcroft pulmonary fibrosis score (mAPFS) was estimated, and IFN-γ (a Th1 cytokine), IL-4 (a Th2 cytokine) in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and hydroxyproline in mouse lung tissue were measured by commercial kits of ELISA assay. RESULTS: Lungs in smoke-exposure only group exhibited emphysema-like morphology, low mAPFS (median 1.50, 95%CI 1.25-3.75), lowest hydroxyproline (2.43±0.11) mg/L and lowest ratio of IL-4 to IFN-γ (20.3±25.5), whereas lungs in smoke-exposure and PTX interference group exhibited interstitial fibrosis-like morphology, highest mAPFS (4.75, 4.09-5.71), highest hydroxyproline (5.57±0.55) mg/L and highest ratio of IL-4 to IFN-γ (70.7±59.9) among the four study groups (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Interference of pulmonary inflammation induced by chronic smoke-exposure with PTX leads to the development of pulmonary fibrosis, which may relate to the turnover of Th1 polarized inflammation into Th2 polarized inflammation of the lungs.     

生态建设的制约因素研究

文章对生态建设的制约因素水资源进行研究,根据水资源基本情况及分布特点,结合全区生态建设水资源开发利用现状,分析阐述了水资源开发利用中有关的主要问题,提出了相应持续利用与社会经济协调发展的措施。     

我校学生阅读状况调查与分析

一个学生综合素质的提高,仅局限于课本知识的学习是远远不够的。因此,要想提高学生的素养、拓展知识面,就应该了解其在课外阅读方面的基本情况,课外阅读的方法,从而提出合理化建议,有针对性的给予指导和帮助,使学生对课外阅读产生兴趣,养成课外阅读的习惯,从中获取知识,受到熏陶。     

Effect of lipoic acid on redox regulation,digestive and absorptive function in intestine of mice fed high fat diet

AIM:To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of lipoic acid (LA) on redox regulation and digestive function in intestine of C57BL/6 mice fed high fat diet (HFD).METHODS:C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n=8).The control group consumed an ordinary diet.The other two experimental groups were fed with a high fat diet, high fat plus 0.1% LA.After 6 weeks, the activities of digestive enzymes were examined.In order to evaluate the antioxidant status of the mice, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in intestinal homogenate were measured.To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of LA, the gene expression profiles in intestine were examined using the GeneChip microarray system.RESULTS:A depressed antioxidant defense system, accompanied by digestive and absorptive function impairment, was observed in HFD-fed mice.These changes were partially restored in the LA-treated group.DNA microarray analysis of intestine showed that LA ingestion up-regulated the expression of genes related to free-radical scavenger enzymes, digestive enzymes and transporters.CONCLUSION:Treatment with LA improves redox homeostasis and the function of intestine in mice fed HFD.The mechanism may involve preventing oxidative stress by scavenging ROS directly and increasing those of free-radical scavenger enzymes gene expression indirectly.     

基于Pro／E的小型葡萄除梗破碎机的设计

在确定葡萄除梗破碎机的总体结构和功能要求的基础上,利用逆向设计思路与PRO/E的三维造型对葡萄除梗破碎机进行模型设计;对各种零件进行模拟装配及运动分析,检查机械各构件运动是否发生干涉;再运用Pro/Mechanica模块进行有限元分析,对传动机构进行力学计算.通过模仿真实环境下的工作,发现并改正设计上的问题,最终完成了葡萄除梗破碎机的设计与制造.     

动物家谱分析系统的研制与开发

本文论述了动物家族系谱分析系统的组成及其功能，采用线条图的形式来描绘动物各代之间的血缘关系，通过对动物个体在家族中的特性作用的统计分析，将为动物养殖繁育提供重要的参考价值。