扦插基质与激素处理对油茶扦插生根的影响研究

以广东省野生油茶母树嫩枝或1 a插穗为试验材料,探讨不同基质、激素溶液和浸穗时间对油茶扦插育苗效果的影响.研究结果表明:以100％细沙为扦插基质时,生根率、侧根数和侧根长,分别为66.84％、2.88条和2.78 cm,显著大于其它处理(P＜0.05);3种激素(IAA、NAA、ABT6)处理中,采用ABT6溶液处理的生根率和侧根长最大,侧根数较多,均显著大于CK (P ＜0.05);浸穗处理中,25 mg/L ABT6溶液浸泡2h处理的生根率最高,为84.37％,侧根数和侧根长也较多,分别为3.49条和2.31 cm.因此进行油茶秋季扦插繁殖时,插穗宜采用25 mg/L ABT6溶液浸泡2h后,扦插于100％细沙基质上.     

Design and Experiments of the High Voltage Pulsed Electric Fields Sterilization System

This experiment designed the pulsed electric fields （PEF） of high intensity of 100 kV· cm^-1 sterilization system. Fluorescent pseudomonas as target cell was operated 180 s in the PEF. By observing the difference of the bacteria before and after the disposal by TEM, it is found that the cell walls of the treated bacteria were broken. Irreversible perforations were formed on the cell membrane. The cell inclusions and cell fragments were leaked. The cell died as a result. The results showed that the PEF sterilization system designed can be used for liquid food sterilization experiments.     

华栗绛蚧的综合防治技术

华栗绛蚧 Kermes castaneae Shi et L iu曾大面积危害板栗林 ,现仍有一些板栗林受该蚧虫的危害。以预测预报为依据 ,营林措施为基础 ,化学治疗为应急 ,天敌保护为重点的综合防治技术 ,是防治华栗绛蚧的有效途径     

土霉素固体脂质纳米粒在家兔体内的药代动力学研究

【目的】研究土霉素固体脂质纳米粒在家兔体内的药代动力学特征,以评价其应用效果。【方法】将10只家兔随机分为2组,分别按土霉素剂量20mg/kg腹腔注射土霉素固体脂质纳米粒和土霉素注射液,于设定的时间点采血,用HPLC法测定血浆药物质量浓度,并用DAS3.1.0药动学程序计算药代动力学参数。【结果】土霉素注射液与固体脂质纳米粒的达峰质量浓度(Cmax)分别为(3.676±0.376)和(3.699±0.562)mg/L;吸收平衰期(T1/2Ka)分别为(18.570±0.851)和(27.871±1.767)h;0-∞时段药时曲线下的面积(AUC(0-∞))分别为(83.955±3.720)和(170.150±10.403)mg/(L·h);0-∞时段的平均滞留时间(MRT(0-∞))分别为(36.848±0.268)和(44.672±0.392)h。【结论】土霉素制备成固体脂质纳米粒后,具有明显的缓释作用,血药质量浓度达峰值的时间推迟,同时药物在兔体内平均滞留时间明显长于土霉素注射液,生物利用度得以显著提高。     

家禽肌肉组织中硝基咪唑类药物残留高效液相色谱检测法研究

 建立了检测家禽肌肉组织中甲硝唑、洛硝哒唑、二甲硝咪唑残留的高效液相色谱法。样品经乙酸乙酯振荡提取 ,浓缩 ,盐酸溶解残渣 ,己烷萃取除去脂肪。氢氧化钠调节溶液到pH 4 .8～ 5 .2 ,过C18小柱 ,甲醇洗脱 ,SpherisorbC18柱分离 ,32 0nm处检测。流动相为醋酸缓冲液 乙腈 (85∶15 ,v/v)。甲硝唑、洛硝哒唑和二甲硝咪唑检测限分别为 0 .5、1.0和 1.0ng·g-1。肉鸡肌肉组织中添加 6 .0ng·g-1水平回收率分别为 :甲硝唑 89.8% ,洛硝哒唑81.7% ,二甲硝咪唑 86 .6 %。此方法具有定性合理 ,检测限低 ,分析快速 ,准确等特点。     

青梅果药理学作用研究进展

对青梅果的抗菌作用、抗病毒作用、抗肿瘤作用、代谢调节作用及其他药理学作用近年来的研究成果进行综述,以期为青梅的深入研究和开发利用提供参考。     

木薯在湖北恩施的农艺性状及产量品质研究

为探索木薯品种北移至湖北恩施市的适应性,以南植199（NZ199）、华南205（SC205）、华南9（SC9）、GC49、桂木薯2号（G2）、桂木薯3号（G3）6个木薯品种为研究对象,以主产区广西南宁市隆安县为对照区,以湖北恩施州恩施市为北移试种区,研究了2019—2020年6个木薯品种的农艺性状、产量及品质特性差异。结果表明：①北移试种区的株高和茎径显著低于对照区,降低幅度分别为43.80%~55.06%、11.04%~36.39%;②北移试种区的鲜薯产量显著低于对照区,降幅为21.64%~44.02%,其中以G3下降幅度最小,为21.64%,G2次之,为24.35%;③北移试种区的鲜薯淀粉含量显著高于对照区,增幅为10.20%~21.16%,G3最高21.16%,GC49次之19.43%;④北移试种区淀粉产量最高的为G3,G2、GC49次之,G3与对照区无显著差异。综合2年试验结果,G2、G3在北移试种区的植株整体性状较好,鲜薯产量、淀粉产量也较高,可以在湖北恩施市推广;GC49表现中等,可以继续进行试种。     

AquaCrop模型在华北平原夏玉米水分研究中的应用

为将AquaCrop模型应用于华北平原夏玉米水分研究中,于2011-2012年在中国科学院栾城农业生态系统试验站进行了夏玉米水分处理试验,在参数率定与模型验证的基础上对华北平原水量平衡及水分利用效率的现状进行了分析。结果表明,AquaCrop模型能够较好地模拟夏玉米的产量、生物量、冠层发育过程以及表层土壤水储量的动态变化。从生物量角度来看,夏玉米的水分利用效率在8月中旬达到最大,可达10 kg/m3左右,其整个生长季水分利用效率为4.9-5.8 kg/m3;从产量角度来看,水分利用效率为2.3-3.0 kg/m3,且在整个生长季土壤水储量呈增加趋势。研究阐明了AquaCrop模型在华北平原地区有较好的适用性,可以应用于夏玉米耗水与水分利用效率方面的研究。     

Windborne migration routes of newly-emerged fall armyworm from Qinling Mountains–Huaihe River region,China

The fall armyworm(FAW, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith), invaded China in mid-December 2018; since then, it has become a great threat to Chinese agricultural production. Qinling Mountains–Huaihe River region(QM–HRR) is the transitional zone between northern and southern China, an important region for both corn and wheat production. Based on the actual occurrence of QM–HRR invaded by FAW in 2019, daily mean surface air temperature and nocturnal wind conditions at 925 hPa were examined, and migratory routes of FAW moths originated in QM–HRR were modeled by a forward-trajectory-analysis approach. The results indicated that migratory activities of FAW adults emerged in QM–HRR were initiated from late June. The moths from western QM–HRR, where has complex topographic terrain, mainly flied to Ningxia and Inner Mongolia before mid September. However, FAW moths from the eastern QM–HRR primarily engaged in high-altitude northward transport assisted by the prevailing southerly winds before mid August, and the North China Plain was identified as the main destination of FAW. Meanwhile, the migration trajectories of FAW moths had a possibility to reach the Northeast China Plain. From mid August, FAW moths in eastern QM–HRR largely migrated southward and returned to the Yangtze River Valley. This study provides detailed information on the occurrence and migration routes of FAW moths from QM–HRR and will be helpful for early warning and development of integrated pest management strategies for the control of this exotic insect pest.     

中国海洋类高等院校定位研究

在综述高校定位理论基础上,结合海洋类高等院校自我定位的现状,分析海洋类高等院校发展定位存在的两大误区：理念上追求＂类型求全、层次攀高、规模求大、水平一流＂;行为上存在办学特色缺失。海洋类高等院校定位重构因应方略是,充分建构由政府、高校与市场三个主体参与的适度引导、自我分析、面向市场的运作机制。