秦岭太白山北坡五种林分凋落叶分解状况初步研究

对秦岭太白山北坡锐齿栎、牛皮桦、太白红杉、大叶杜鹃和巴山冷杉5种林分凋落叶的分解状况进行了研究。结果表明,受生物学特性、温度、湿度等因素的影响,不同林分凋落叶叶失重率不同,上述林分分别为38.20%,32.12%,16.23%,20.76%和17.87%～18.29%;其分解速率大小次序为锐齿栎>牛皮桦>大叶杜鹃>巴山冷杉>太白红杉。所测定的3种主要化学成分中,单宁分解最快,分布于海拔3000m的巴山冷杉和1430m的锐齿栎凋落叶中,单宁残留量只有34.39%和32.05%;粗脂肪分解速率次之,阔叶树种较针叶树种分解快,在凋落叶中的残留量为91.86%～99.14%;粗纤维分解最慢,与粗脂肪表现出相似的规律。林分凋落叶分解过程中能态的变化与分解速率高低基本保持一致,总体趋势为阔叶树种减低幅度较大,5种凋落叶能量降低率为12.54%～19.84%。     

Activation-driven programmed cell death and T cell receptor zeta eta expression

Activation of spontaneously dividing T cell hybridomas induces interleukin-2 (IL-2) production, a cell cycle block, and programmed cell death. T cell hybridomas that express the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) zeta homodimer (zeta 2), but not the TCR zeta eta heterodimer, were studied. The zeta eta- cells produced little or no inositol phosphates (IP) when stimulated with antigen. In most cases the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides was also impaired after stimulation with antibody to CD3, although one zeta eta- cell produced normal concentrations of IP. The zeta eta- cells slowed their growth and secreted IL-2 in response to both stimuli. However, the zeta eta- cells did not die after activation with antigen. Since activated thymocytes also undergo programmed cell death, these results may have important implications for the role of the zeta eta.TCR in negative selection.     

Evolutionary and somatic selection of the antibody repertoire in the mouse

The repertoire of antibody variable (V) regions has been subject to evolutionary selection, affecting both the diversity of V region genes in the germline and their expression in the B lymphocyte population and its subsets. In ontogeny, contact with an antigen leads to the expansion of B cells expressing antibodies complementary to it. In a defined phase of B cell differentiation, new sets of V regions are generated from the existing repertoire through somatic hypermutation. Cells carrying advantageous antibody mutants are selected into the memory compartment and produce a stable secondary response upon reexposure to the antigen.     

Brain tryptophan hydroxylation: dependence on arterial oxygen tension

The accumulation of cerebral 5-hydroxytryptophan after decarboxylase inhibition was decreased in rats maintained at arterial O(2) tensions below 60 mm-Hg. In contrast, brain lactate was stable above 40 mm-Hg and brain adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and adenosine monophosphate were unchanged above 30 mm-Hg. There was a linear correlation of brain 5-hydroxytryptophan accumulation to cerebral venous O(2) tension. Cerebral tryptophan hydroxylase appears to have a poor affinity for oxygen and to be affected by slight hypoxia. The resultant decreases in monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism may explain the behavioral changes of mild oxygen deprivation.     

澳大利亚国内大学排名及优势学科分布

本文归纳分析了澳大利亚国内大学的整体概况、国内八所名牌大学、国内各大学排名、高等教育十大领域以及在各大学中的分布、和悉尼大学的某些学科专业情况。     

Prostaglandins: enzymatic analysis

By, means of al specific nicotinamide-adeninie dinucleotide-dependent prostaglanidin dehydrogenase from swine lung, an enizymatic method has been developed for the assay of prostaglandins. The method permits analysis with a lower limit of 10(-12) mole of prostaglandin.     

Outlier identification of soil phosphorus and its implication for spatial structure modeling

Outliers are classified as global outliers and spatial outliers. Up to now, there is little information about the outliers especially the spatial outliers and their influence on the spatial structure modeling of soil properties. A total of 537 soil samples were collected based on a 30 × 30 m grid in a permanent dairy farm in southeast Ireland. Graphic methods of histogram and box plot combined with Moran’s I were applied to detect the outliers of soil phosphorus (P). Sixteen outliers (5 global outliers and 11 spatial outliers) of soil P were found in the study area. Compared to the raw data, the data with global outliers excluded always had the larger global Moran’s I value indicating a stronger spatial autocorrelation. Clear spatial clusters (High–High and Low–Low clusters) were observed based on local Moran’s I. The High–High spatial clusters were located around the main farm yard and near the traffic route due to more intensive management by farmers. The Low–Low spatial clusters were mainly close to the river. For these areas, P fertilizer or slurry should be applied for healthy grass growth. The dataset with outliers excluded had a reliable semi-variogram model with a low nugget/sill ratio (32.4 %), which was closed to its corresponding transformed data (30.5 %). The cross-validation results revealed that the dataset without outliers had the strongest linear regression model (r = 0.768), indicating that the outliers played an important role in the spatial structure modeling.     

Specific inhibition of plaque formation to phosphorylcholine by antibody against antibody

Spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with heat-killed rough pneumococci (strain R36A) or spleen cells from normal mice immunized in vitro with the same antigen produce direct hemolytic plaques against sheep erythrocytes coated with pneumococcal C polysaccharide or conjugated with phosphorylcholine. Formation of plaques is specifically inhibited by phosphorylcholine or by antiserum to mouse immunoglobulin A myeloma protein which binds phosphorylcholine. Thus, the myeloma proteins and normal BALB/c antibodies share similar idiotypic determinants. This experimental system is suitable for probing the role of the antigen receptor in the immune response.     

外源硫化氢对镉胁迫下黄瓜胚轴和胚根生理生化特性的影响

 以黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）种子为试材,研究了外源H₂S预处理对镉胁迫下黄瓜胚轴和胚根生理生化特性的影响。结果表明：用浓度为300、600、900和1 200 μmol · L^-1的H₂S供体NaHS预处理黄瓜种子均能显著缓解镉胁迫对其胚轴和胚根的抑制作用,其中以900 μmol · L^-1 NaHS处理效果最好。NaHS处理显著提高了镉胁迫下黄瓜子叶中淀粉酶的活性及胚轴与胚根中SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性,提高了二苯代苦味酰基自由基（DPPH· ）清除能力和羟基自由基（OH· ）清除能力,从而降低了MDA和H₂O₂含量,而其他钠盐（Na₂S、Na₂SO₄、NaHSO₄、Na₂SO₃、NaHSO₃和NaAc）处理效果甚微,表明NaHS缓解镉胁迫对黄瓜胚轴和胚根生长的抑制作用归因于其释放出的H₂S。