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611.
KA Carroll ML Wallace TL Hill JW Bartges JL Ruby AT Mulder II JI Helmick 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(1-2):11-16
A 6-year-old, male neutered mixed breed dog was presented emergently with a three-week history of hyporexia, vomiting, diarrhoea and weight loss. Upon examination, the patient was dull, had generalised muscle atrophy, moderate abdominal pain and a mild amount of peritoneal effusion. A fluid-filled, distended, corrugated small bowel with marked gastroparesis and moderate peritoneal effusion was noted on abdominal ultrasonography. Endoscopy revealed hyperaemic and friable mucosa and a subjectively narrowed pylorus. Emergency exploratory celiotomy was performed due to worsening patient condition and revealed thick, diffuse, fibrous adhesions of the abdominal cavity. Based on these findings, sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) was suspected. A large mass of omentum adjacent to the greater curvature of the stomach had caused a pyloric outflow obstruction. Adhesiolysis was attempted but was unsuccessful due to the friability of the small intestines. The dog was humanely euthanased under anaesthesia. A diagnosis of SEP was confirmed via necropsy. No underlying cause was identified. This is the first known case of a pyloric outflow obstruction secondary to SEP in a dog. Although rare, this condition should be considered as a differential for dogs with signs of a pyloric outflow obstruction with concurrent ascites and abdominal pain, hyporexia, vomiting and diarrhoea. 相似文献
612.
Katrin Borasch Kenneth Richardson Johanna Plendl 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(5):643-655
The initial intraembryonic vasculogenesis occurs in the cardiogenic mesoderm. Here, a cell population of proendocardial cells detaches from the mesoderm that subsequently generates the single endocardial tube by forming vascular plexuses. In the course of embryogenesis, the endocardium retains vasculogenic, angiogenic and haematopoietic potential. The coronary blood vessels that sustain the rapidly expanding myocardium develop in the course of the formation of the cardiac loop by vasculogenesis and angiogenesis from progenitor cells of the proepicardial serosa at the venous pole of the heart as well as from the endocardium and endothelial cells of the sinus venosus. Prospective coronary endothelial cells and progenitor cells of the coronary blood vessel walls (smooth muscle cells, perivascular cells) originate from different cell populations that are in close spatial as well as regulatory connection with each other. Vasculo- and angiogenesis of the coronary blood vessels are for a large part regulated by the epicardium and epicardium-derived cells. Vasculogenic and angiogenic signalling pathways include the vascular endothelial growth factors, the angiopoietins and the fibroblast growth factors and their receptors. 相似文献
613.
Identification of a T helper cell-derived lymphokine that activates resting T lymphocytes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A novel lymphokine with apparent molecular size of 10 to 12 kilodaltons is secreted from helper T cell clones within hours after cross-linking their T cell antigen-MHC (major histocompatibility complex) receptors (T3-Ti). This lymphokine, termed interleukin-4A (IL-4A), stimulates resting lymphocytes by binding to a surface component (or components) of the alternative T11 pathway and subsequently by inducing interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptors. The activation process is neither dependent on antigen specificities of the recruited population or the presence of macrophages. It appears, therefore, that IL-4A is a mediator involved in amplifying the T cell immune response. 相似文献
614.
White O Eisen JA Heidelberg JF Hickey EK Peterson JD Dodson RJ Haft DH Gwinn ML Nelson WC Richardson DL Moffat KS Qin H Jiang L Pamphile W Crosby M Shen M Vamathevan JJ Lam P McDonald L Utterback T Zalewski C Makarova KS Aravind L Daly MJ Minton KW Fleischmann RD Ketchum KA Nelson KE Salzberg S Smith HO Venter JC Fraser CM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5444):1571-1577
The complete genome sequence of the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans R1 is composed of two chromosomes (2,648,638 and 412,348 base pairs), a megaplasmid (177,466 base pairs), and a small plasmid (45,704 base pairs), yielding a total genome of 3,284, 156 base pairs. Multiple components distributed on the chromosomes and megaplasmid that contribute to the ability of D. radiodurans to survive under conditions of starvation, oxidative stress, and high amounts of DNA damage were identified. Deinococcus radiodurans represents an organism in which all systems for DNA repair, DNA damage export, desiccation and starvation recovery, and genetic redundancy are present in one cell. 相似文献
615.
616.
Gabriele Rossi Amy Richardson Hali Jamaludin Cristy Secombe 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(1):59
Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity is a new inflammatory and oxidative marker. Technical effects and biological factors could affect the accuracy of PON-1 activity measurement. We investigated the effects of storage at different temperatures, repeated freeze–thaw cycles, interferences from hemolytic, lipemic, and icteric samples, and seasonal effects on PON-1 activity in horses. We evaluated 2 substrates with an automated spectrophotometer. Ten equine serum samples were stored under different conditions. Although storage at room (21°C) or refrigeration (4°C) temperature induced a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in PON-1 activity, this is not diagnostically relevant. PON-1 activity in frozen samples (−20°C) was stable for short-term storage; diagnostically significant (p < 0.01) fluctuations were observed after 1 mo. Four repeated freeze–thaw cycles were assessed, and all cycles affected PON-1 activity (p < 0.01); however, this was diagnostically significant only after the 4th cycle. Hemolysis induced an overestimation of PON-1 activity; lipemia and hyperbilirubinemia did not change PON-1 activity. Thirty-four horses were sampled monthly for 1 y, and PON-1 activity was higher in autumn (p < 0.05) and winter (p < 0.05) than in spring and summer. 相似文献
617.
Summary Reducing sugar and sucrose content of potato tubers (cv. Record) grown in Tayside (northern United Kingdom (UK)) and Lincolnshire
(southern UK) were monitored during the 1984 growing season and after two months storage at 10°C. Neither latitude nor agronomic
factors were shown to affect sugar content. Significant correlations were found between the post storage reducing sugar content
and the sugar contents measured at harvest. Regression analyses indicated that in immature tubers sucrose breakdown was responsible
for reducing sugar accumulation during storage. 相似文献
618.
Summary In many plant species, it has been demonstrated at the whole plant level that supplemental Ca2+ alleviates the effects of salinity stress. These effects have been attributed to physiological processes, but there are no
reports of the effects of supplemental Ca2+ on preventing nuclear damage to the root meristematic cells following exposure to NaCl salinity. Two in vitro cultured potato
(Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars, analysed by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry, showed a similar pattern of salinity-induced changes
to the nuclei of root meristematic cells. Damage occurring after only a few hours was followed by nuclear degradation at 24
h. Flow cytometry histograms showed a reduction in G1 and G2 nuclei and an increase in degraded nuclei, in NaCl-stressed roots.
Salinity-induced nuclear degradation was alleviated by the addition of CaCl2. 相似文献
619.
620.
Takudzwa C. Madzivanzira Josie South Bruce R. Ellender Russell Chalmers Gethings Chisule Christine R. Coppinger Fernandu H. Khaebeb Francois J. Jacobs Machaya Chomba Bumango Musando Chanda Mwale Tamuka Nhiwatiwa Craig L. Rennie Naomi Richardson Olaf L. F. Weyl 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(11):3156-3168
- Crayfish are invasive polytrophic keystone species, which are phylogenetically unique on the African continent. The Australian redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus is invasive in southern African freshwater systems including the Zambezi River Basin. Surveys conducted across the Zambezi Basin (Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia and Zambia) between 2017 and 2019 showed that C. quadricarinatus is broadly distributed across the Upper and Middle Zambezi and is rapidly spreading through natural and human-mediated means across several ecoregions.
- The probability of capture (Pcapture), catch per unit effort (CPUE) and population characteristics of C. quadricarinatus from the recent Barotse floodplain invasion were compared with older invasions from Lake Kariba and Kafue River.
- The Pcapture and CPUE of C. quadricarinatus in the recently invaded region of the Barotse floodplain were similar to those of the older invasions. Mass and carapace length of C. quadricarinatus from the Barotse floodplain were significantly lower than those of C. quadricarinatus from the older invasions. Sex ratios differed significantly between the three invasive populations. The Barotse floodplain population had a disproportionate investment in females (65.3%) and intersex individuals (8.4%). No crayfish were detected in the Zambezian Headwaters or the Okavango Floodplains ecoregions, but current spread rates are 49 km yr−1 downstream and 12 km yr−1 upstream.
- Investment in population management and the prevention of spread will have high conservation value across the invaded regions in order to restrict crayfish ecological impacts via direct predation and competition. In areas where crayfish are in high abundance, existing fisheries are affected through damage to nets, leading to increased net abandonment and ghost gear pollution in invaded regions.
- The emphasis should be on developing cohesive transboundary biosecurity policies in southern Africa to limit further spread that will threaten the integrity of freshwater ecosystems. However, long-term monitoring is needed to gauge invasion risk to sensitive areas such as the Okavango Floodplains ecoregion and determine field-based ecological impacts.