La vascularisation artérielle du testicule chez le cheval

The arterial pattern of 134 horse testicles has been studied from different methods. The testicle was supplied by a single testicular artery in 79,10% of the cases. The division into two branches before entry into the organ was seen in 17,16% of the cases. The other testicles studied were supplied by three separate branches all originating from the extratesticular part of the testicular artery. Different connections of variable importance exist mainly between the vessels supplying the epididymis and the mesorchium (deferential artery and branches of testicular artery) and the significant arteries of the testicle.     

The estimation of egg weight from egg gradings

A method is described for the estimation of mean egg weight from data giving the proportions of eggs in different weight grades. Tables are presented in which mean egg weights have been calculated for a range of grading figures, using both the British Egg Marketing Board and the European Economic Community grading systems.     

The biologic effects of bacterial endotoxin: A short review

This short reveiw considers some of the more widely accepted biological actions of bacterial endotoxin. Early sections concern endotoxin chemical composition, assay techniques, and species variation in toxigenicity. Individual specific actions and classical endotoxin-induced phenomena are presented under headings of pyrogenic effect, hemodynamic effects, disseminated intravascular coagulation, complement system effects, induction of the generalized Shwartzman reaction, effects upon cellular constituents of blood, metabolic and endocrinologic effects, immunologic effects, nervous system effects, hepatic effects, and abortifacient action. The relationship of these effects to clinical manifestations is discussed where warranted.     

Granulomatous Dermatitis in Carnivores Associated with Dermatophyte Infection

Nine cases of granulomatous dermatitis in carnivores (eight dogs, one cat) are described. In three cases, in which there were no fungi in hair shafts, nor any other evidence of mycotic infection initially, fungal elements were demonstrated in the granulomas with the aid of special stains (PAS and Grocott). Granulomatous dermatitis in case of dermatophyte infections is thought to be an hypersensitivity reaction and has been reported to occur in a variety of mammals. It is suggested that pyogranulomatous skin reactions and trichogranulomas could be associated with dermatophytes and it is recommended to carry out further laboratory studies in order to detect fungi in such cases.     

Evaluating the performance and sulphur amino acid requirements of normal and midget hens

Three experiments, each of 10 months' duration, were conducted with individually caged midget (Hy‐line) and conventional (Welp, Babcock and Dekalb) laying hens in order to evaluate their performance and sulphur amino acid (SAA) requirements. Eight replicate groups of five birds each were assigned to a dietary treatment in each experiment.

Various diets, based on corn and soya, were formulated to provide a range of SAA levels from 0.355 to 0.592%. All diets within an experiment were maintained isocaloric and with equal levels of total phosphorus and calcium. Hen‐day production, daily food intake, food/dozen eggs, egg weights and daily SAA intake were measured.

In all three experiments, when SAA requirements were examined as a percentage of the diet, the midget hen was found to have a greater requirement than the conventional strains. However, examination of daily SAA acid intake revealed the reverse situation. In every instance, the average performance of midget hens over all dietary treatments was considerably below that of conventional strains.     

Molecular assay for the detection of Cochlosoma anatis in house flies and turkey specimens by polymerase chain reaction

A 1520 bp region of Cochlosoma anatis mtDNA 16S gene was subjected to DNA sequencing and a 466 bp portion was compared with other protozoan 16S sequences to develop PCR primers specific for C. anatis. This PCR diagnostic method allowed identification of C. anatis from house flies, Musca domestica L., turkey gut, and fecal samples within 6 h after field-collected samples reached the laboratory. House flies detected carrying C. anatis using the diagnostic 374 bp amplicons represented the first record of this protozoan in house flies.