补播羊草和黄花苜蓿对退化草甸植物群落特征的影响

呼伦贝尔草原区是我国北方重要的生态屏障,近年来不合理的利用方式导致该地区退化草地面积不断扩大,为了探究牧草补播时间及补播比例对呼伦贝尔退化草甸草原植物群落特征的影响,为该地区退化草地修复提供依据。本研究以羊草（Leymus chinensis（Trin.） Tzvel.）和黄花苜蓿（Medicago falcata L.）为试验材料,采用双因素随机区组试验设计,通过测定幼苗数、高度、生物量等群落指标,并综合评价补播效果,结果表明：夏播羊草和黄花苜蓿幼苗数量显著高于春播和秋播（P<0.05）,夏播和秋播植物群落总生物量呈增加趋势,春播则呈减少趋势;补播措施提高了退化草地植物群落Shannon-Weiner指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数,豆科和禾本科植物重要值呈增加趋势,其他科植物呈下降趋势。呼伦贝尔地区夏季补播羊草和黄花苜蓿以1∶3补播效果较好,而春播由于恢复时间短,需进一步观察。     

基于STM32电力谐波采样设备的设计

为实现低成本检测电力线谐波,开发基于STM32F103RBT6嵌入式微控制器的电力谐波采样设备,使用CS5463电量采集芯片及以Zigbee传输参数的无线电参数检测器,实现0.4 k V农村低压电网的电参数采集检测及电量计量。介绍设备的总体架构、软硬件设计思路以及实现方案。测试结果表明:设备能够在短时间内进行谐波采样和分析,具有稳定性强、可扩展性强、成本低廉等优点。     

The effect of lactic acid bacterial starter culture and chemical additives on wilted rice straw silage

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are suitable for rice straw silage fermentation, but have been studied rarely, and rice straw as raw material for ensiling is difficult because of its disadvantages, such as low nutrition for microbial activities and low abundances of natural populations of LAB. So we investigated the effect of application of LAB and chemical additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of wilted rice straw silage. Treatment with chemical additives increased the concentrations of crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), acetic acid and lactic acid, reduced the concentrations of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), but did not effectively inhibit the growth of spoilage organisms. Inoculation with LABs did not improve the nutritional value of the silage because of poor growth of LABs in wilted rice straw. Inoculation with LAB and addition of chemical materials improved the quality of silage similar to the effects of addition of chemical materials alone. Growth of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria was inhibited by this mixed treatment and the LAB gradually dominated the microbial community. In summary, the fermentation quality of wilted rice straw silage had improved by addition of LAB and chemical materials.     

Nanosize of zinc oxide and the effects on zinc digestibility,growth performances,immune response and serum parameters of weanling piglets

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of nanosize zinc on zinc digestibility, growth performances, immune response and serum parameters of weanling piglets. Ninety‐six LYD weanling piglets were assigned to control, zinc oxide (ZnO), organic‐Zn (Zn‐methionine) and nanosize ZnO (nano‐Zn) groups with four replicates. The zinc was at the 120 mg/kg level in the treatment group's diet, while the control group's was 80 mg/kg Zn. The experiment results indicated that the nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn groups had significantly higher Zn digestibility compared to the ZnO and control groups. For the immune response traits, the IgG level and goat red blood cells (GRBC) antibody titer were nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn>ZnO>control; in the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) challenge test result, nano‐Zn>organic‐Zn>ZnO>control; in regard to the γ‐globulin level, nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn>ZnO and control, with significant difference between groups. In the serum parameters aspect, serum Zn concentration in nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn groups were higher than in the ZnO and control groups, serum growth hormone concentration was increased in the nano‐Zn group than in the other groups. In conclusion, nanosize zinc oxide for dietary supplementation can increase zinc digestibility, serum growth hormone levels and carbonic anhydrase activity and enhance the immune response of weanling piglets.     

硼和锌对猕猴桃产量与品质的影响

以从四川引进的"红阳"猕猴桃为试材,比较不同浓度硼锌施肥处理组合和不同施肥时期对猕猴桃产量和品质的影响,探讨施肥与猕猴桃产量与品质的关系,以期为优化施肥配方、确定最佳施肥量、选择最佳施肥时期提供依据。结果表明:硼肥(B)浓度0.10%、锌肥(Zn)浓度0.30%时,最有利于产量与品质的提高,膨大期喷施硼、锌肥料对果树产量增加与品质提升效果最显著,能改善果实口感,故猕猴桃果园的推荐施肥方式是膨大期喷施B 0.10%+Zn 0.30%。     

不同树莓品种叶片解剖结构与抗旱性的关系

以树莓叶片为试材,分析了叶片的厚度气孔密度和表皮细胞、表皮毛、栅栏组织、海绵组织、保卫细胞等叶解剖结构,比较了不同树莓品种的抗旱性。结果表明:"凯欧"和"莎妮"的叶片最厚,"加拿大黑莓"次之,其次是"南方黑树莓""海尔特兹"的叶片最薄;"凯欧"的上下表皮、栅栏组织均最厚,其次是"莎妮""加拿大黑莓"和"南方黑树莓"居中,"海尔特兹"最薄;"凯欧"和"莎妮"的气孔密度均最大,"加拿大黑莓"和"南方黑树莓"居中,"海尔特兹"最小;隶属函数综合分析发现,5个树莓品种中"凯欧"的耐旱性最强,其次是"莎妮",再次是"南方黑树莓"和"加拿大黑莓";"海尔特兹"的耐旱性最弱。     

酿酒葡萄“赤霞珠”组织培养快繁技术优化

以酿酒葡萄"赤霞珠"为试材,采用组织培养法,研究了不同基本培养基与不同IBA浓度的组合及不同培养容器对酿酒葡萄"赤霞珠"试管苗生长的影响,以期优化酿酒葡萄"赤霞珠"试管苗培养技术体系。结果表明:适合"赤霞珠"试管苗组织培养的最佳培养基为1/2B5+0.2mg·L~(-1) IBA+30g·L~(-1)蔗糖+7g·L~(-1)琼脂+1g·L~(-1)活性炭;在透气膜直径为3.0cm,透光率为90%的玻璃培养容器中,"赤霞珠"试管苗生长健壮,移栽成活率最高,达96.67%。     

华南三省(自治区)部分西番莲种植区花叶病病原检测及EAPV多聚蛋白基因序列分析

<正>西番莲(Passiflora edulis Sims.)是热带亚热带地区重要经济作物,我国福建、广东、广西、海南等地广泛种植[1]。调查发现,我国南方多地西番莲花叶病为害严重,症状表现为叶片花叶、黄化、斑驳、畸形,甚至整株褪绿,严重影响西番莲的产量和品质。已报道能引起西番莲花叶症状的病毒有：黄瓜花叶病毒属(Cucumovirus)的黄瓜花叶病毒(cucumber mosaic virus, CMV),     

二化螟dsRNA降解酶基因的克隆与表达分析

为解析二化螟Chilo suppressalis体内参与降解双链RNA(double-stranded RNA,dsRNA)的关键核酸酶的功能,克隆二化螟不同的非专一性核酸酶（non-specific nuclease,NUC）基因,并对这些基因进行生物信息学分析和组织定量表达分析,同时对dsRNA降解酶（dsRNA degrading nuclease,dsRNase）活力的组织分布进行研究。结果显示,共克隆获得5个NUC基因,其中有4个编码dsRNase亚家族基因（CsdsRNase1～CsdsRNase4）和1个编码Endonuclease G亚家族基因（CsEndoG）。5个NUC基因的开放阅读框核苷酸序列长度范围为828～1 338 bp,编码275～445个氨基酸残基,其分子量大小为31.68～49.57 kD,预测等电点为5.48～9.42。CsdsRNase1和CsdsRNase2含有信号肽序列,两者相似度极高,且与家蚕Bombyx mori和斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura中具有dsRNA降解酶活力的dsRNase同源聚类;CsdsRNase1和CsdsRN...