氮肥减量条件下间作绿豆压青对甘蔗生长及氮代谢的影响

以甘蔗单作常规施氮量为对照（CK）,设氮化肥减量20%+间作绿豆压青（A）、氮化肥减量40%+间作绿豆压青（B）和氮化肥减量60%+间作绿豆压青（C）3个处理,通过测定甘蔗农艺性状、蔗茎产量和甘蔗叶片氮代谢相关生理生化指标,研究氮肥减量条件下间作绿豆压青对甘蔗生长及氮代谢的影响。结果表明,间作绿豆影响新植蔗分蘖,分蘖率显著低于CK,但对甘蔗有效茎数影响不显著。新植蔗产量表现为A>B>CK>C。氮化肥减量条件下间作绿豆压青对宿根蔗发株率、株高、有效茎数、甘蔗茎径有促进作用。宿根蔗蔗茎产量表现为A>B>C>CK。2年的甘蔗蔗糖分含量表现为C>B>A>CK。氮化肥减少20%条件下间作绿豆压青对提高甘蔗叶片谷氨酰胺合成酶、硝酸还原酶活性和游离氨基酸、可溶性糖含量有促进作用。综合甘蔗农艺性状、蔗茎产量、氮代谢相关指标测定结果和经济效益的表现,试验以氮化肥减量20%+间作绿豆压青的A处理最优。     

可食性蛋白质膜的研究进展

介绍了大豆蛋白、小麦蛋白、玉米蛋白可食性膜的研究现状,综述了可食性蛋白膜的特点、改性方法及发展趋势。     

平菇专用保鲜膜常温MAP保鲜试验

以3种特制抗菌膜、1种常规保鲜LDPE膜和1种普通LDPE膜为试材,研究平菇常温不同特性保鲜膜MAP保鲜效果,确定最佳平菇保鲜膜.结果表明,日本产保鲜膜和国家农产品保鲜中心研制的抗菌膜包装平菇后于常温下贮藏8天,基本保持平菇原有的品质,失重率小于2%.     

干旱胁迫下玉米根系性状和产量的QTLs分析

以N87-1（耐旱）×9526（敏感）的F2群体为作图群体,构建了包含103个SSR标记的连锁图谱,在干旱胁迫与正常灌溉两种环境下对183个F3家系的初生根数、根干重和产量等3个性状进行表型鉴定,用复合区间法对这些性状进行QTLs检测(LOD>2.5）。结果表明,在两种环境下根数与根重都呈正相关,仅在胁迫环境下根重与产量呈正相关;在     

CIMMYT和我国玉米种质群体的配合力及杂种优势分析

采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,以丹340、Mo17、掖478和黄早四为测验种,通过2年1点田间试验,分析27个国内外玉米群体（14个CIMMYT热带、亚热带群体和13个国内群体）的主要性状配合力和产量杂种优势,并划分杂种优势群。结果表明,大多数CIMMYT群体的产量和产量性状配合力及杂种优势明显优于国内玉米群体,以Suwan l、Pob43、Pob21     

糯玉米的成熟胚培养

以糯玉米成熟胚为外植体作离体培养,研究在培养基中添加植物激素,硝酸银及有机物等对玉米愈伤组织的诱导和胚性愈伤继代生长的影响。结果表明：在诱导培养阶段,N6+6-BA 0.2mg/L+2,4-D 2mg/L的培养基诱导率最高,愈伤质量好;在继代培养阶段,MS+6-BA 0.2mg/L+2,4-D 2mg/L +AgNO310mg/L或CW (Coconut Water) 10%的培养基可改善胚性愈伤的质量。     

基于GF-1数据的夏玉米FPAR遥感动态估算

为探索高分一号卫星（GF-1）估算农作物光合有效辐射吸收比率（Fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation, FPAR）的潜力,以田间小区与大田夏玉米为对象,基于GF-1卫星的16 m空间分辨率宽视场（Wide field view, WFV）传感器光谱响应函数对地面实测冠层高光谱反射率进行重采样,获取GF-1 WFV的模拟反射率,构建宽波段植被指数,利用与FPAR极显著相关且具有较高相关系数的植被指数,建立不同生育期夏玉米FPAR的一元与多元逐步回归模型,筛选FPAR估算的最适模型,并在此基础上实现县域尺度不同生育期的FPAR动态估算。结果表明：模拟宽波段光谱反射率与GF-1 WFV光谱反射率间的相关系数|R|为0.967～0.985,决定系数R²为0.935～0.969;基于模拟反射率构建3波段植被指数与FPAR的相关性优于2波段植被指数,增强型植被指数（EVI）、土壤调节植被指数（MTVI2）、可见光大气阻抗植被指数（VARI）、综合植被指数（TCARI/OSAVI）等3波段植被指数与FPA...     

农林类院校《测量学》课程思政教学改革与实践

为加强大学生的思想政治教育和提高课堂教学质量,以农林类院校专业课《测量学》为例构建专业课程思政体系,实施课程思政目标的有效教学路径,探索育才与育人相统一的教学模式,实现价值塑造、知识传授和能力培养的有机统一,可为其他专业课程思政教学改革与实践提供新思路与借鉴。      

Einfluss selektiver mechanischer Fruchtbehangsregulierung auf Ethylensynthese als Stressindikator sowie Ertrag und Fruchtqualität bei Kernobst

The overall objective of this work was to improve fruit quality, break alternate bearing and reduce hand thinning using fewer chemicals in fruit crops. A device was constructed for mechanical thinning, which consisted of three independent horizontal rotors with ropes and freely adjustable angles on a frame, mounted on a front three point hitch and powered by the tractor hydraulics. This can be adapted to any fruit tree trained as spindle, Solaxe, (tall) vertical axis or fruit wall (le mur fruitier) irrespective of rootstock employed. Rotor speed varied from 300 to 460?rpm at either 5 or 7.5?km/h tractor speed. Eight-year-old or twelve-old apple trees cvs. ‘Gala’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ were mechanically thinned in 2007 between pink bud and full bloom (flower bud stages 6–8 or F1–F2) near Bonn, Germany; non-thinned and hand-thinned apple trees of the same block and variety served as control. Mechanically thinned flowering branches showed a similar amount of ethylene efflux (0.4–0.6?ppm C₂H₄/branch) as non-thinned flower branches, preventing potentially unexpected subsequent fruit drop, except for those removed by the rotors. The impact of the horizontal rotors on the branches was from the upper side and removed excessive flowers right to the tree trunk viz. the centre of the tree canopy, where fruits of lesser quality are expected leaving 2–3 flowers per cluster. Leaf damage was less than??10%, even at the fast rotor speed of 420?rpm, which was associated with negligible wood injury. Mechanical thinning induced firmer and sweeter fruit, i.e. tastier apples with longer shelf life, relative to control fruit from non-thinned apple trees. The greatest efficacy in terms of final fruit quality in the grading/sorting was achieved by a rotor speed of 360?rpm at a tractor speed of 5?km/h: Fruit mass increased by up to 20?g and the proportion of fruit larger than 70–75?mm by 10–30% compared with the fruit from non-thinned trees. Mechanical thinning with this newly constructed device led to a 10–20% reduction in yield, but increased returns due to better fruit size and colouration in apple with the potential to overcome alternate bearing.     

切花非洲菊多倍体诱变初报

 以非洲菊‘阳光海岸’和‘白马王子’ (2n=2x=50) 品种为供试材料, 采用秋水仙素对其组培丛生芽进行离体诱导, 成功获得了四倍体植株。秋水仙素处理浓度和处理时间分别为0.02%、0.05%、0.10%和24、36、48 h。试验结果表明, 以0.10%的秋水仙素处理48 h诱导效果最佳, ‘阳光海岸’和‘白马王子’的丛生芽变异率分别为16%和10%。总体上看, 非洲菊对秋水仙素的敏感性较低。经气孔鉴定、染色体计数和形态学观察, 变异材料染色体数加倍(2n=4x=100) 。与二倍体相比, 变异材料气孔面积增大, 花序变大, 叶色变深, 叶尖变钝圆, 叶片质感变厚, 花梗直径变粗, 花梗基部花青素着色变深。最终分别获得稳定的‘阳光海岸’和‘白马王子’多倍体植株200余株和300余株。